Search results for " DISEASE"
showing 10 items of 27378 documents
Towards Controlled Synthesis of Water-Soluble Gold Nanoclusters : Synthesis and Analysis
2019
Water-soluble gold nanoclusters with well-defined molecular structures and stability possess particular biophysical properties making them excellent candidates for biological applications as well as for fundamental spectroscopic studies. The currently existing synthetic protocols for atomically monodisperse thiolate-protected gold nanoclusters (AuMPCs) have been widely expanded with organothiolates, yet the direct synthesis reports for water-soluble AuMPCs are still deficient. Here, we demonstrate a wet-chemistry pH-controlled synthesis of two large water-soluble nanoclusters utilizing p-mercaptobenzoic acid (pMBA), affording different sizes of plasmonic AuMPCs on the preparative scale (∼7 …
Modelling and assessing public health policies to counteract Italian measles outbreaks
2021
This study aims to understand, through explanatory research, the key factors that led to the 2017 measles outbreak in Italy, the causes of the low level of immunisation and the causes of possible cyclical phenomena of measles epidemics. This topic's comprehension has required a holistic approach, merging epidemiological aspects, socioeconomic aspects (including the evolution of mistrust in vaccinations, infodemy and fake news) and health law constraints. A specific SIR System Dynamics (SD) model was built to reproduce the relevant cause-and-effect relationships between social interactions, the public institutions behaviour and the measles outbreaks. SD results permit the assessment of the h…
Gingivitis
2014
Gingival inflammation is caused by bacterial plaque (dental biofilm) that accumulates daily on the teeth. Results in redness, slight swelling, or "puffiness" of the gums and bleeding on tooth brushing. Treatment involves thorough professional tooth cleaning and effective daily removal of dental plaque by tooth brushing and cleaning between the teeth. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) is a more serious condition that is mainly found in developing countries associated with people with severe malnutrition or HIV/AIDS with low CD4 T-cell counts.
Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: A pooled analysis of 1018…
2018
Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Methods: We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean dia…
Sífilis secundaria en un paciente VIH positivo
2004
La incidencia de afecciones orales, antes infrecuentes en pacientes infectados por VIH, se está incrementando y es posible que se subestime. Las lesiones orales resultantes de la sífilis secundaria son raras; sin embargo, ocurren, y el odontólogo debería ser capaz de realizar un correcto diagnóstico. En algunos casos la anámnesis y los signos clínicos de las lesiones son insuficientes para permitir el diagnóstico de la enfermedad. El conocimiento de sus características histológicas y las pruebas de laboratorio relevantes, así como su aplicabilidad y limitaciones son necesarios para el correcto diagnóstico de la sífilis secundaria. The incidence of oral manifestations of HIV infection is cha…
Dexamethasone premedication suppresses vaccine-induced immune responses against cancer
2020
ABSTRACT Glucocorticosteroids (GCS) have an established role in oncology and are administered to cancer patients in routine clinical care and in drug development trials as co-medication. Given their strong immune-suppressive activity, GCS may interfere with immune-oncology drugs. We are developing a therapeutic cancer vaccine, which is based on a liposomal formulation of tumor-antigen encoding RNA (RNA-LPX) and induces a strong T-cell response both in mice as well as in humans. In this study, we investigated in vivo in mice and in human PBMCs the effect of the commonly used long-acting GCS Dexamethasone (Dexa) on the efficacy of this vaccine format, with a particular focus on antigen-specif…
CLINICAL EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT MONTAGES OF TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON’DISEASE
2014
Grazing intensity in subarctic tundra affects the temperature adaptation of soil microbial communities
2015
Abstract Grazing by large ungulates, such as reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.), in subarctic tundra exerts a considerable effect on the soil microclimate. Because of higher insulation by the aboveground vegetation in light versus heavily grazed areas, soil temperatures during the growing season are considerably higher under heavy grazing. Here, we hypothesized that these grazer-induced changes in soil microclimate affect the temperature sensitivity of soil microbial activity. To test this hypothesis, we conducted soil incubations at different temperatures (4 °C, 9 °C and 14 °C) for six weeks using soils from sites with contrasting long-term grazing intensities. Microbial respiration at low te…
Genetic relationship between clinical and environmental Vibrio cholerae isolates in Tanzania: A comparison using repetitive extragenic palindromic (R…
2015
The bacterium causing cholera, Vibrio cholerae, is a marine organism and coastal waters are important reservoirs of the organism. There are more than 200 serogroups of V. cholerae, of which serogroups O1 and O139 are known to be the causative agent of the cholera. The main virulent factor in V. cholerae is cholera toxin gene (ctx) that is found from the epidemic O1 and O139 strains, but may also be found in some strains other than O1 and O139 (non-O1 and non-O139). In this study, 48 V. cholerae strains isolated from three estuaries of Tanzania and 20 stool isolates were characterized in terms of their serogroups and possession of ctx gene and then compared using two PCR based fingerprinting…
Genome size evolution in macroparasites.
2014
Reduction in genome size has been associated not only with a parasitic lifestyle in intracellular microparasites but also in some macroparasitic insects and nematodes. We collected the available data on genome size for flatworms, annelids, nematodes and arthropods, compared those with available data for the phylogenetically closest free-living taxa and found evidence of smaller genome sizes for parasites in six of nine comparisons. Our results suggest that despite great differences in evolutionary history and life cycles, parasitism as a lifestyle promotes convergent genome size reduction in macroparasites. We discuss factors that could be associated with small genome size in parasites whic…