Search results for " FOULING"
showing 10 items of 79 documents
Removal of carbon and nutrients from wastewater in a moving bed membrane biofilm reactor: the influence of the sludge retention time
2016
A University of Cape Town (UCT) pilot plant combining both membrane bioreactor (MBR) and moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) technology was monitored. Three experimental Phases were carried out by varying the mixed liquor sludge retention time (SRT) (indefinite, 30 and 15 days, respectively). The system performance has been investigated during experiments in terms of: organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, biokinetic/stoichiometric constants, membrane fouling tendency and sludge dewaterability. The observed results showed that by decreasing the SRT the UCT pilot plant was able to maintain very high total COD removal efficiencies, whilst the biological COD removal efficiency showed a…
A Brief Review on the Resistance-in-Series Model in Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs)
2019
The cake layer deposited on the membrane modules of membrane bioreactors (MBRs), especially under a submerged configuration, represents a relevant and fundamental mechanism deeply influencing the development of membrane fouling. It negatively affects the total resistance to filtration, while exerting a positive effect as a “pre-filter„ promoting the “dynamic membrane„ that protects the physical membrane from internal fouling. These two opposite phenomena should be properly managed, where the submerged membranes are usually subjected to a periodical cake layer removal through ordinary (permeate backwashing and air scouring) and/or irregular cleaning actions (manual ph…
Performance of a polypropylene membrane contactor for the recovery of dissolved methane from anaerobic effluents: Mass transfer evaluation, long-term…
2018
Abstract A polypropylene membrane contactor was used for the recovery of dissolved methane from an anaerobic reactor effluent. Effect of operational parameters, operation mode and fouling on long-term operation was studied using vacuum pressure or N 2 as sweep gas. Results were analyzed based on the mass transfer estimations. Lower performance was observed in the shell-side mode due to the lower liquid velocity and the probable channeling. Membrane pore wetting was observed with the increase in Q L in the vacuum-pressure mode. This was confirmed with mass transfer resistance analysis, resulting in an estimated wetted pore fraction of between 0.25 and 0.53. The highest removal efficiencies w…
Air lift relevance in a side-stream MBR system
2006
Nowadays, two main MBR configurations are developed in wastewater treatment (Fig. 1a and b). The former is based on a side stream membrane module position, it is generally developed for the industrial wastewater treatment because of its compactness even if it requires more energy due to the necessity of using high suspension flow rate recycles throughout the membrane module to minimise fouling rates [1]. With this configuration the membrane maintenance is easy because of the side stream position of the membrane module relatively to the bioreactor. The second configuration is based on the immersion of membrane module directly inside the bioreactor. This configuration is more extensive becaus…
Mass‐Spectrometric Imaging of Electrode Surfaces—a View on Electrochemical Side Reactions
2020
Abstract Electrochemical side reactions, often referred to as “electrode fouling”, are known to be a major challenge in electro‐organic synthesis and the functionality of modern batteries. Often, polymerization of one or more components is observed. When reaching their limit of solubility, those polymers tend to adsorb on the surface of the electrode, resulting in a passivation of the respective electrode area, which may impact electrochemical performance. Here, matrix‐assisted laser‐desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS) is presented as valuable imaging technique to visualize polymer deposition on electrode surfaces. Oligomer size distribution and its dependency on the contact …
The efficient mixed matrix antifouling membrane for surfactant stabilized oil-in-water nanoemulsion separation
2019
Abstract Membrane technology has raised considerable interest in sustainable water purification over the past decade. The development of antifouling membranes is always the basic approach to address the omnipresent bottlenecks of the membrane fouling. In this study, AlSi2O6 nanoparticles were synthesized using a coprecipitation technique and their influence was investigated on the permeation and antifouling properties of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes of polysulfone (PSF). A series of membranes were fabricated with various concentrations (such as 0.0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 wt%) of AlSi2O6 nanoparticles through diffusion induced phase separation method. The prepared composite membranes demonstrate …
Minimizing membrane bioreactor environmental footprint by multiple objective optimization.
2020
This paper presents a modelling study aimed at minimizing the environmental foot print of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for wastewater treatment. Specifically, an integrated model for MBR was employed in view of the management optimization of an MBR biological nutrient removal (BNR) pilot plant in terms of operational costs and direct greenhouse gases emissions. The influence of the operational parameters (OPs) on performance indicators (PIs) was investigated by adopting the Extended-FAST sensitivity analysis method. Further, a multi-objective analysis was performed by applying the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The results show-up that the sludge …
Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of an integrated ASM2d MBR model for wastewater treatment
2018
Abstract An integrated membrane bioreactor (MBR) model was previously proposed and tested. The model provides a comprehensive and detailed description of the nitrogen biological removal processes with respect to up-to-date literature. This paper presents a sensitivity and uncertainty analysis aimed at identifying the key factors affecting the variability of the model predictions. The Standardized Regression Coefficients (SRC) method was adopted for the sensitivity analysis. The uncertainty analysis was employed by running Monte Carlo simulations by varying only the value of the key factors affecting the model outputs. The sensitivity analysis combined with the uncertainty analysis applied h…
Simultaneous sludge minimization, biological phosphorous removal and membrane fouling mitigation in a novel plant layout for MBR.
2020
Abstract The integration of one anaerobic reactor in the mainstream (AMSR) of a pre-denitritication-MBR was evaluated with the aim to achieve simultaneous sludge minimization and phosphorous removal. The excess sludge production was reduced by 64% when the AMSR was operated under 8 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT). The highest nutrients removal performances referred to organic carbon (98%), nitrogen (90%) and phosphorous (97%) were obtained under 8 h of HRT. In contrast, prolonged anaerobic-endogenous conditions were found to be detrimental for all nutrients removal performances. Similarly, the lowest membrane fouling tendency (FR = 0.65∙1011 m−1 d−1) was achieved under 8 h of HRT, where…
Biological minimization of excess sludge in a membrane bioreactor: Effect of plant configuration on sludge production, nutrient removal efficiency an…
2018
Abstract Excess sludge minimization was studied in a MBR with pre-denitrification scheme. Sludge minimization, nitrogen removal performance and membrane fouling tendency were investigated in two configurations, characterized by a different position of the sludge retention reactor (SRR). In particular, the SRR was placed: i) in the return activated sludge line (Anaerobic Side-Stream Reactor – ASSR configuration) and ii) in the mainstream between the anoxic and aerobic reactor (Anaerobic Main-Stream Reactor – AMSR configuration). The achieved results demonstrated that the ASSR enabled a higher excess sludge reduction (74% vs 32%), while achieving lower biological nitrogen removal (BNR) (TN = …