Search results for " Lung Diseases"

showing 8 items of 18 documents

Quantitative Lung Ultrasound: Technical Aspects and Clinical Applications.

2021

Lung ultrasound is increasingly used in emergency departments, medical wards, and critical care units—adult, pediatric, and neonatal. In vitro and in vivo studies show that the number and type of artifacts visualized change with lung density. This has led to the idea of a quantitative lung ultrasound approach, opening up new prospects for use not only as a diagnostic but also as a monitoring tool. Consequently, the multiple scoring systems proposed in the last few years have different technical approaches and specific clinical indications, adaptable for more or less time-dependent patients. However, multiple scoring systems may generate confusion among physicians aiming at introducing lung …

Lung Diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyLung ultrasonographybusiness.industryMEDLINEHumans; Lung; Lung Diseases; Ultrasonography030208 emergency & critical care medicine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyLung ultrasoundLung densityClinical Practice03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAnesthesiology and Pain MedicinemedicineHumansMedical physicsmedicine.symptombusinessMonitoring toolLungConfusionUltrasonographyAnesthesiology
researchProduct

Protective intraoperative ventilation with higher versus lower levels of positive end-expiratory pressure in obese patients (PROBESE): study protocol…

2017

Background Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) increase the morbidity and mortality of surgery in obese patients. High levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with lung recruitment maneuvers may improve intraoperative respiratory function, but they can also compromise hemodynamics, and the effects on PPCs are uncertain. We hypothesized that intraoperative mechanical ventilation using high PEEP with periodic recruitment maneuvers, as compared with low PEEP without recruitment maneuvers, prevents PPCs in obese patients. Methods/design The PRotective Ventilation with Higher versus Lower PEEP during General Anesthesia for Surgery in OBESE Patients (PROBESE) study is a multice…

MaleLung DiseasesTime Factors[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Respiratory Medicine and Allergymedicine.medical_treatmentRESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROMEMedicine (miscellaneous)HemodynamicsMechanical ventilation; Obesity; Positive end-expiratory pressure; Postoperative pulmonary complication; Recruitment maneuver; Medicine (miscellaneous); Pharmacology (medical)LAPAROSCOPIC BARIATRIC SURGERYLung DiseaseBody Mass Indexlaw.inventionPositive-Pressure RespirationStudy Protocol0302 clinical medicineMechanical ventilationClinical ProtocolsRandomized controlled trialRisk Factors030202 anesthesiologylawMedicine and Health SciencesClinical endpointAnesthesiaPharmacology (medical)Respiratory function030212 general & internal medicineLungLungmedicin och allergi2. Zero hungerlcsh:R5-920ddc:617Positive end-expiratory pressurerespiratory systemOperative3. Good healthTreatment OutcomeRecruitment maneuverTIDAL VOLUMESResearch DesignMechanical ventilation Positive end-expiratory pressure Recruitment maneuver Obesity Postoperative pulmonary complicationSurgical Procedures OperativeAnesthesiaBreathingFemaleErratumlcsh:Medicine (General)ALVEOLAR RECRUITMENT MANEUVERHumancirculatory and respiratory physiologymedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorMechanical ventilation ; Obesity ; Positive end-expiratory pressure ; Postoperative pulmonary complication ; Recruitment maneuverAnesthesia GeneralLung injuryMechanical ventilation; Obesity; Positive end-expiratory pressure; Postoperative pulmonary complication; Recruitment maneuver; Body Mass Index; Clinical Protocols; Female; Humans; Intraoperative Care; Lung; Lung Diseases; Male; Obesity; Positive-Pressure Respiration; Protective Factors; Research Design; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Anesthesia General; Surgical Procedures Operative; Medicine (miscellaneous); Pharmacology (medical)NOGENERAL-ANESTHESIADRIVING PRESSURE03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumansddc:610ObesityClinical ProtocolGeneralProtective FactorPositive end-expiratory pressurePOSTOPERATIVE PULMONARY COMPLICATIONSMechanical ventilationSurgical ProceduresIntraoperative CareINTERNATIONAL CONSENSUSbusiness.industryRisk FactorProtective FactorsSurgeryMechanical ventilation; Obesity; Positive end-expiratory pressure; Postoperative pulmonary complication; Recruitment maneuverrespiratory tract diseasesbusinessPostoperative pulmonary complicationLUNG INJURY
researchProduct

Lung myofibroblasts are characterized by down-regulated cyclooxygenase-2 and its main metabolite, prostaglandin E2.

2013

Background: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)), the main metabolite of cyclooxygenase (COX), is a well-known anti-fibrotic agent. Moreover, myofibroblasts expressing alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), fibroblast expansion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are critical to the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Our aim was to investigate the expression of COX-2 and PGE(2) in human lung myofibroblasts and establish whether fibroblast-myofibroblast transition (FMT) and EMT are associated with COX-2 and PGE(2) down-regulation. Methods: Fibroblasts obtained from IPF patients (n = 6) and patients undergoing spontaneous pneumothorax (control, n = 6) and alveolar epithelial ce…

PathologyPulmonologyMetaboliteImmunofluorescencelcsh:MedicineBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosisMolecular Cell BiologyPulmonary fibrosisProstaglandin E2Myofibroblastslcsh:ScienceLungCells CulturedFisiologia cel·lularMultidisciplinarybiologyFibrosi pulmonarrespiratory systemExtracellular Matrixmedicine.anatomical_structureCytokinesMedicinelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Immunohistochemical AnalysisMyofibroblastResearch ArticleSignal Transductionmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionImmunologyInterstitial Lung DiseasesDinoprostonePulmonary fibrosisTransforming Growth Factor beta1ImmunofluorescènciaGrowth FactorsCell Line TumormedicineHumansEpithelial–mesenchymal transitionFibroblastBiologyCell Proliferationlcsh:RProteinsEpithelial Cellsmedicine.diseaseActinsIdiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosisrespiratory tract diseasesGene Expression RegulationchemistryCyclooxygenase 2Immune SystemCase-Control StudiesImmunologic Techniquesbiology.proteinCancer researchClinical Immunologylcsh:QCyclooxygenaseBiomarkersPLoS ONE
researchProduct

Chronic obstructive lung disease “expert system”: Validation of a predictive tool for assisting diagnosis

2018

Purpose: The purposes of this study were development and validation of an expert system (ES) aimed at supporting the diagnosis of chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD). Methods: A questionnaire and a WebFlex code were developed and validated in silico. An expert panel pilot validation on 60 cases and a clinical validation on 241 cases were performed. Results: The developed questionnaire and code validated in silico resulted in a suitable tool to support the medical diagnosis. The clinical validation of the ES was performed in an academic setting that included six different reference centers for respiratory diseases. The results of the ES expressed as a score associated with the risk of su…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineChronic ObstructivePilot ProjectsExpert SystemsSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioPulmonary DiseasePulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveSoftware DesignSurveys and QuestionnairesChronic obstructive lung diseaseDiagnosisSurveys and QuestionnaireHumansAge FactorPilot ProjectExpert SystemChronic obstructive lung diseasesAgedHealth PolicyEnvironmental and Occupational HealthPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthMethodologyAge FactorsChronic obstructive lung diseases Diagnosis Expert systems Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Health Policy Public Health Environmental and Occupational HealthMiddle AgedAsthmaCoughSpirometrySample SizeChronic DiseasePublic HealthChronic obstructive lung diseases; Diagnosis; Expert systems; Age Factors; Aged; Asthma; Chronic Disease; Cough; Humans; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Sample Size; Spirometry; Expert Systems; Software Design; Surveys and QuestionnairesDiagnosiHuman
researchProduct

Quantitative analysis of airway obstruction in lymphangioleiomyomatosis

2020

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, cystic lung disease with progressive pulmonary function loss caused by progressively proliferating LAM cells. The degree of airway obstruction has not been well investigated within the pathogenesis of LAM. Using a combination of ex vivo computed tomography (CT), microCT and histology, the site and nature of airway obstruction in LAM explant lungs was compared with matched control lungs (n=5 each). The total number of airways per generation, total airway counts, terminal bronchioles number and surface density were compared in LAM versus control. Ex vivo CT analysis demonstrated a reduced number of airways from generation 7 on (p<0.0001) in LAM compar…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineLipopolysaccharidesPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyLung NeoplasmsPulmonary function testingPathogenesisOrphan Lung Diseases03 medical and health sciencesPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineMedicine and Health SciencesFLOW OBSTRUCTIONMedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineLymphangioleiomyomatosisBronchiolesLungbusiness.industryHistologyOriginal ArticlesX-Ray MicrotomographyAirway obstructionrespiratory systemmedicine.disease133. Good healthrespiratory tract diseasesAirway Obstruction030228 respiratory systemPULMONARY LYMPHANGIOLEIOMYOMATOSISLymphangioleiomyomatosisHuman medicineAirwaybusinessQuantitative analysis (chemistry)Ex vivoCTThe European Respiratory Journal
researchProduct

Impact of long-term treatment with inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators on lung function in a patient with post-infectious bronchiolitis oblit…

2016

Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is a small airways disease characterized by fixed airflow limitation. Therefore, inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids are not recommended as maintenance therapy options. The management of PIBO currently consists only of close monitoring of affected patients, aimed at the prevention and early treatment of pulmonary infections. In recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of PIBO in the pediatric population. Patients with PIBO are characterized by a progressive decline in lung function, accompanied by a decrease in overall functional capacity. Here, we report the case of a relatively young man diagnosed with PIBO and follo…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyLong term treatmentmedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentBronchiolitis obliteransInhaled corticosteroidsAnti-inflammatory agents/ therapeutic useCase ReportMuscarinic antagonists/therapeutic use03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAnti-inflammatory agents/therapeutic useBronchodilatormedicinePulmonary rehabilitation030212 general & internal medicineBronchiolitis obliterans/therapyLung functionGynecologylcsh:RC705-779Administration inhalationinhalationbusiness.industrylcsh:Diseases of the respiratory systemmedicine.diseaseAdministration inhalation; Adrenergic beta-2 receptor antagonists/therapeutic use; Anti-inflammatory agents/ therapeutic use; Bronchiolitis obliterans/therapy; Infection/complications; Lung diseases/rehabilitation; Muscarinic antagonists/therapeutic use; Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineLung diseases/rehabilitation030228 respiratory systemPhysical performanceInfection/complicationAnesthesiaInfection/complicationsAdministrationbusinessAdrenergic beta-2 receptor antagonists/therapeutic usePediatric populationJornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
researchProduct

Extracellular Heat Shock Proteins as Therapeutic Targets and Biomarkers in Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases.

2021

Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) include a large number of diseases and causes with variable outcomes often associated with progressive fibrosis. Although each of the individual fibrosing ILDs are rare, collectively, they affect a considerable number of patients, representing a significant burden of disease. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the typical chronic fibrosing ILD associated with progressive decline in lung. Other fibrosing ILDs are often associated with connective tissues diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis-ILD (RA-ILD) and systemic sclerosis-associated ILD (SSc-ILD), or environmental/drug exposure. Given the vast number of progressive fibrosing ILDs and the dispariti…

QH301-705.5DiseaseReviewbehavioral disciplines and activitiesCatalysisextracellular HSPInorganic ChemistryIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosisFibrosisHeat shock proteinmedicineExtracellularAnimalsHumansinterstitial lung diseasesMolecular Targeted TherapyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBiology (General)Molecular BiologyQD1-999SpectroscopyHeat-Shock ProteinsLungbusiness.industryOrganic Chemistrylung fibrosisCancerGeneral Medicinerespiratory systemmedicine.diseaseIdiopathic Pulmonary FibrosisComputer Science Applicationsrespiratory tract diseasesbody regionsChemistrymedicine.anatomical_structureIPFImmunologyheat shock proteinsDisease ProgressionBiomarker (medicine)biomarkerbusinessLung Diseases InterstitialBiomarkersInternational journal of molecular sciences
researchProduct

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in COVID-19 patients at 3 months follow-up☆

2021

Abstract Background Long-term effects of Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) are of utmost relevance. We aimed to determine: 1) the functional capacity of COVID-19 survivors by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET); 2) the characteristics associated with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) performance; 3) the safety and tolerability of CPET. Methods We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3, Genoa. Three months after hospital discharge a complete clinical evaluation, trans-thoracic echocardiography, CPET, pulmonary function tests, and dominant leg extension (DLE) maximal strength measurement were performed. Res…

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentBacterial ToxinsArticlePulmonary function testingCardiopulmonary exercise testing; Coronavirus; Coronavirus infection; COVID-19; Lung diseases; Severe acute respiratory syndrome; Echocardiography; Exercise Tolerance; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Oxygen Consumption; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Exercise TestOxygen ConsumptionInternal medicineDiffusing capacityCoronavirus infectionMedicineHumansSurvivorsAdverse effectLung diseasesRehabilitationExercise Tolerancebusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2VO2 maxCOVID-19Cardiopulmonary exercise testingCoronavirusTolerabilitySevere acute respiratory syndromeEchocardiographyCohortExercise TestCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessAnaerobic exerciseFollow-Up StudiesInternational Journal of Cardiology
researchProduct