Search results for " film"

showing 10 items of 3842 documents

Thermoelectric properties of CoTiSb based compounds

2009

Several CoTiSb based compounds were synthesized and investigated on their thermoelectric properties. The aim was to improve the thermoelectric properties of CoTiSb by the systematic substitution of atoms or the introduction of additional Co into the vacant sublattice. The solid solutions Co1+xTiSb, Co1?yCuyTiSb and CoTiSb1?zBiz were synthesized. X-ray diffraction was used to investigate the crystal structure. The resistivity, the Seebeck coefficient and the thermal conductivity were determined for all compounds in the temperature range from 2 to 400?K. The highest figure of merit for each solid solution is presented. We were able to improve the figure of merit by a factor of approximately s…

Acoustics and Ultrasonicsbusiness.industryChemistryAnalytical chemistryAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsThermal conductivityElectrical resistivity and conductivitySeebeck coefficientThermoelectric effectX-ray crystallographyFigure of meritbusinessSolid solutionJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics
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The modelling of the cathode sheath of an electrical arc in vacuum

2003

This paper presents a simple model of the fragment in the cathode electrical arc root taking into account the physical phenomena occuring on the cathode surface and the sheath. The goal is the obtainment of characteristics values of the heat flux, the electrons, and atoms density in the sheath. Computation is carried out on a one-dimensional model with a coupling between the equation obtained in the sheath and an enthalpy model of the cathode to describe the temperature evolution. In the modelling, we introduce a friction zone above the sheath edge to characterize the heavy particle interactions. Numerical simulation shows that the ionic friction phenomenon deriving from ion–atom collision …

Acoustics and UltrasonicsvacuumIonic bondingarc rootheat fluxElectroncathode sheatharc01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionElectric arcCross section (physics)lawPhysics::Plasma Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph]0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsCouplingComputer simulationChemistryMechanics[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph]Condensed Matter PhysicsCathodeSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsHeat flux
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Specific separation and recovery of phosphate anions by a novel NiFe-LDH/rGO hybrid film based on electroactivity-variable valence

2022

Phosphorus is a non-renewable resource. Supplies are limited and much phosphorus is currently wasted during the production and utilization process, causing concerns about future supplies and widespread environmental problems. To solve these problems, a new type of NiFe-LDH/rGO electrically switched ion-selective (ESIX) film is designed, based on the dominant mechanism of inner-sphere complexation. An ESIX process allows the NiFe-LDH/rGO hybrid film to achieve a controllably selective uptake and release of the phosphate anions. This route involves tuning potential steps to regulate the redox states of the composite film and the variable metal (e.g., Ni, Fe (II)/(III)) in coordination centers…

Adsorption capacityPhosphorusInner-sphere complexationSettore ING-IND/27 - Chimica Industriale E TecnologicaPhosphatesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialsColloid and Surface ChemistryValence state transitionSelective extractionMetalsLayered double hydroxideHydroxidesGraphitePhosphate anion
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Mono- and Multi-Layers

2006

Thin films incorporating or consisting of calixarenes have been widely investigated. The capacity of such films to adsorb both ions and neutral species has engendered particular interest in their use in sensor devices. Semiconductors, non-linear optical and pyroelectric materials or switchable systems for data storage are further examples of their potential use [1]. Both monoand multi-layer films can be formed from calixarenes and resorcarenes, using a variety of techniques. This chapter deals with the fundamental basis of calixarene thin film applications, including film formation and characterisation as well as studies of selectivity in small molecule interactions. Real and potential appl…

AdsorptionMaterials scienceCalixareneMonolayerMoleculeQuartz crystal microbalanceNeutron reflectometryThin filmSelectivityCombinatorial chemistry
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Tear film stability over a myopia control contact lens compared to a monofocal design

2021

Background: To compare the short-term effect of two contact lenses on pre-lens tear film stability and comfort: dual-focus contact lens (MiSight) and a monofocal contact lens (Proclear 1-day).Methods: This randomised, double-masked, crossover study was performed in twenty-eight healthy, myopic volunteers aged between 18 and 32 years (23.5 +/- 4.1 years). Only one randomly chosen eye was assessed. Distance vision and refraction were evaluated at baseline. Each contact lens type (monofocal and dual-focus) was randomly fitted, always in both eyes. A visual analogue scale between 0 and 10 was used to assess general comfort, physical comfort, and visual comfort. Tear Film Surface Quality (TFSQ) …

AdultMaterials scienceAdolescentCiências Naturais::Ciências FísicasYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMyopiatear film stabilityHumans030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesCross-Over StudiesScience & TechnologyDual-focus contact lensfood and beveragesContact Lenses Hydrophiliceye diseasesContact lensOphthalmologyTears030221 ophthalmology & optometryOptometrysense organsmultifocal contact lensOptometry
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The performance of thin-film Li-ion batteries under flexural deflection

2006

A method is introduced to study the effects of flexural deformation on the electrical performance of thin-film lithium-ion batteries. Flexural deformation of thin films is of interest to engineers for applications that can be effective in conformal spaces in conjunction with multi-functional composite laminates in structural members under mechanical deflections such as thin airfoils used in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). A test fixture was designed and built using rapid prototyping techniques. A baseline reference charge/discharge cycle was initially obtained with the device in its un-flexed state, in order to later contrast the performance of the thin-film battery when subjected to defle…

AirfoilEngineeringbusiness.industryTest fixtureMechanical EngineeringStructural engineeringComposite laminatesClampingElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDESIGNFlexural strengthMechanics of MaterialsDeflection (engineering)CELLSFLEXLITHIUM BATTERIESElectrical and Electronic EngineeringThin filmbusinessELECTROLYTEJournal of Micromechanics and Microengineering
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The defined adsorption site of sodium on the TiO2(110)–(1×1) surface

2004

The adsorption site of sodium on the TiO2(1 1 0)–(1 × 1) surface was studied by extended X-ray absorption fine structure. For coverage ranging between 0.25 and 0.5 ML, we find that sodium is on an ‘in-between' site where it is bound to two bridging oxygen atoms at 2.25 Å and one in-plane oxygen atom at 2.40 Å, in full agreement with DFT calculations. At higher coverage the site becomes an hollow site where the sodium atom is equidistant to the three oxygen atoms at 2.30 Å, while metallic sodium clusters are also formed at the surface.

Alkali metalsSodiumInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyExtended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS)01 natural sciencesOxygenMetalAdsorption0103 physical sciencesAtomMaterials Chemistry010306 general physicsTitanium oxideExtended X-ray absorption fine structureChemistrySurfaces and Interfaces021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAlkali metalSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCrystallographyvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAbsorption (chemistry)0210 nano-technologySurface Science
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High-Pressure Phase Diagram and Superionicity of Alkaline Earth Metal Difluorides

2018

We study the high-pressure–high-temperature phase diagram and superionicity of alkaline earth metal (AEM) difluorides (AF2, A = Ca, Sr, Ba) with first-principles simulation methods. We find that the superionic behavior of SrF2 and BaF2 at high pressures differ appreciably from that previously reported for CaF2 [Phys. Rev. Lett. 2014, 113, 235902]. Specifically, the critical superionic temperature of SrF2 and BaF2 in the low-pressure cubic fluorite phase is not reduced by effect of compression, and the corresponding high-pressure orthorhombic contunnite phases become superionic at elevated temperatures. We get valuable microscopic insights into the superionic features of AEM difluorides in b…

Alkaline earth metalMaterials scienceIonic radiusDifluorideThermodynamics02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesFluorite0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsGeneral EnergyPhase (matter)High pressureOrthorhombic crystal systemPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyPhase diagramThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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2001

A new manganese(III) oxamato dimer possesing an unprecedented Mn2(μ-O2CR)(μ-OH2⋯O2 CR) core has been synthesised, structurally and magnetically characterised, and used as a catalyst for the oxidation of alkanes to alcohols and ketones by ButO2H and O2 in CH2Cl2 at rt.

Alkanechemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryDimerMetals and Alloyschemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureManganeseCatalysisSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesOrganic chemistryCarboxylateChemical Communications
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Recent advances in the synthesis of functionalised monofluorinated compounds.

2018

Over the past few years, we have tackled the synthesis of interesting monofluorinated organic molecules, such as: dihydronaphthalene derivatives, β-fluoro sulfones and related carbonyl compounds, fluorohydrins and allylic alcohols. Overall, a wide range of modern synthetic techniques are covered in this feature article including transition-metal, photo- and organocatalysis, nucleophilic and electrophilic fluorinations, chiral auxiliaries and enantioselective catalysis.

Allylic rearrangement010405 organic chemistryChemistryMetals and AlloysEnantioselective synthesisGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCombinatorial chemistryCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOrganic moleculesCatalysisNucleophileOrganocatalysisElectrophileMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesChemical communications (Cambridge, England)
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