Search results for " film"

showing 10 items of 3842 documents

The adsorption of water vapor on super absorbent product at low temperatures and low mass.

2006

The adsorption isotherms of water vapor on super absorbent product have the same form of type III isotherm at ambient temperature with the hysteresis phenomena. For temperatures lower than ambient, the isotherms become deformed because of the chains effect. The polymer is characterized by a multilayer adsorption, which occurs before a full-course is complete. During adsorption reactions, the polymer undergoes rearrangement polymeric network, which results from a cooperative diffusion of the water molecules and from a chain spacing followed by an expansion of the polymeric network. Three types of water molecules adsorbed on polymer were identified: strongly dependent water, adsorbed water, a…

gelPolymers and PlasticsDiffusionpolymervaporwater02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAdsorptionPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryBound waterPhysics::Chemical PhysicsWater contentPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSchemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesChemistryisothermtechnology industry and agriculturesuper absorbentGeneral ChemistryPolymer[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolyelectrolyte0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterHysteresis[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]Chemical engineeringadsorption[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]isobarheat0210 nano-technologyWater vapor
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Video display terminal use and dry eye: preventive measures and future perspectives

2022

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is a common cause of ocular pain and discomfort. Dry eye disease (DED) stems from a loss-of-tear film homeostasis and is frequently seen in video display terminal (VDT) users. Video display terminal (VDT) use reduces blink rates and increases incomplete blinks, leading to tear film instability and ocular inflammation, promoting DED. Purpose: To assess and evaluate the methods for preventing VDT-associated DED and ocular discomfort. Methods: Studies were found using PubMed and Embase with the search terms: (digital visual terminal* OR computer use OR screen use OR smartphone OR display OR visual display terminal* OR computer vision syndrome OR tablet OR phon…

genetic structuresCOMPUTER VISION SYNDROMEVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Oftalmologi: 754QUALITY-OF-LIFE:Medisinske Fag: 700 [VDP]ergonomic practicesFatty Acids Omega-3tear film stabilityHumansOMEGA-3-FATTY-ACIDS TREATMENTOFFICE WORKERSInflammationMucinsOCULAR SURFACEGeneral Medicinedry eye diseaseeye diseasesvideo display terminalBLINK RATEOphthalmologySPONTANEOUS EYEBLINK ACTIVITYHIGHLY ADJUSTABLE CHAIRComputer TerminalsTearsRISK-FACTORSpreventive measuresDry Eye SyndromesFIELD INTERVENTIONVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsvitenskap: 420::Simulering visualisering signalbehandling bildeanalyse: 429
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Positron Studies of Subsurface Zone in Titanium Created in Sliding Wear

2014

Positron annihilation studies of the subsurface zone constituted during dry sliding in pure titanium are reported. A new type of defect depth profile in this zone, which is not an exponential decay usually reported for other metals and alloys, is observed. Two layers in the subsurface zone are present in this metal. In the layer adjacent to the worn surface, the characteristic plateau of the mean positron lifetime that extends to a depth of 60–70 μm was observed. Small vacancy clusters and dislocations were recognized in this layer. At deeper zone, the mean positron lifetime decreased exponentially in the manner typical for the other metals. In this zone, vacancy clusters increase in size a…

geographyMaterials sciencePlateaugeography.geographical_feature_categoryMechanical EngineeringMetallurgychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesIndentation hardnessSurfaces Coatings and FilmsMetalPositronchemistryMechanics of MaterialsVacancy defectvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumExponential decayComposite materialLayer (electronics)TitaniumTribology Letters
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Pullout Force and Inlet Oscillation in Telescopic Carbon Nanotubes: A Quantum Study

2021

The noncovalent interaction energy as a function of the core extension in double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNT) was accurately calculated in the frame of density functional theory, considering dis...

geographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryMaterials scienceOscillation02 engineering and technologyInteraction energyCarbon nanotubeMechanics010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyInlet01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionCore (optical fiber)General EnergylawDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyQuantumThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Very strong −N–X+⋯−O–N+ halogen bonds

2016

A new (-)N-X(+)(-)O-N(+) paradigm for halogen bonding is established by using an oxygen atom as an unusual halogen bond acceptor. The strategy yielded extremely strong halogen bonded complexes with very high association constants characterized in either CDCl3 or acetone-d6 solution by (1)H NMR titrations and in the solid-state by single crystal X-ray analysis. The obtained halogen bond interactions, RXB, in the solid-state are found to be in the order of strong hydrogen bonds, viz. RXB ≈ RHB.

halogen bondsNanotechnologychemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisoxygen atomMaterials Chemistryta116Halogen bond010405 organic chemistryChemistryHydrogen bondMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryAcceptor0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyOxygen atomHalogenCeramics and CompositesProton NMRTitrationSingle crystalChemical Communications
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Minimum detection limits and applications of proton and helium induced X-ray emission using transition-edge sensor array

2017

Abstract We have determined minimum detection limits, MDLs, for elements 14 ⩽ Z ⩽ 86 using a transition-edge sensor array, TES array, and as a comparison using an Amptek X-123SDD silicon drift detector, SDD. This was done using a 3 MeV proton beam and a 5.1 MeV helium beam. MDLs were determined for a thin film sample on top of C substrate, and for a bulk sample containing mostly Al. Due to the higher peak-to-background ratio, lower detection limits were obtainable using the TES array for most of the elements. However, for elements 30 ⩽ Z ⩽ 45 the performance of the TES array was not as good as the SDD performance. This is due to the limitations of the TES used at energies >10 keV. The great…

helium-induced x-ray emissionNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSilicon drift detectorProtonAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologySubstrate (electronics)01 natural sciencesSensor array0103 physical sciencesPIXEThin film010306 general physicsInstrumentationHeliumPhysicsta114minimum detection limit021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologychemistryTransition edge sensor0210 nano-technologyTESBeam (structure)
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Conduction properties of thin films from a water soluble carbon nanotube/hemicellulose complex.

2018

We have examined the conductive properties of carbon nanotube based thin films, which were prepared via dispersion in water by non-covalent functionalization of the nanotubes with xylan, a type of hemicellulose. Measurements of low temperature conductivity, Kelvin probe force microscopy, and high frequency (THz) conductivity elucidated the intra-tube and inter-tube charge transport processes in this material. The measurements show excellent conductive properties of the as prepared thin films, with bulk conductivity up to 2000 S cm−1. The transport results demonstrate that the hemicellulose does not seriously interfere with the inter-tube conductance. peerReviewed

hemiselluloosaMaterials scienceconduction propertieshiiliXylan (coating)Bioengineering02 engineering and technologyCarbon nanotubeConductivity010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawGeneral Materials ScienceHemicelluloseElectrical and Electronic EngineeringThin filmQCKelvin probe force microscopeksylaanitMechanical EngineeringGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyThermal conduction0104 chemical scienceschemistryChemical engineeringMechanics of Materialsohutkalvot0210 nano-technologyDispersion (chemistry)Nanotechnology
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A Computational Study of Adsorption of CO2, SO2, and H2CO on Free-Standing and Molybdenum-Supported CaO Films

2018

Oxide films play a significant role in a wide range of fields from catalysis to solar cell materials. CaO films are promising sorbents for many environmentally harmful molecules. Here, we report a systematic investigation of adsorption of CO2, SO2, and H2CO on bulk and Mo-supported CaO(100) films using density functional theory. Significant effects on adsorption energy, charge transfer to the molecules, and degree of the C–O bond activation were demonstrated on Mo-supported CaO films by changing the film thickness, composition, and the strength and direction of an applied external electric field. These findings are relevant for interpreting results from scanning tunneling microscopy of smal…

hiilidioksidiMaterials scienceOxidechemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionCatalysisMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionlawMoleculePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryta116ta114carbon dioxide021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylaskennallinen kemiacomputational chemistry0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsGeneral EnergyChemical engineeringchemistryrikkidioksidithin filmsMolybdenumadsorptionvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumsulphur dioxideformaldehydeDensity functional theoryScanning tunneling microscopeohutkalvot0210 nano-technologyadsorptioformaldehydiJournal of Physical Chemistry C
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The role of oxidation treatments before and after CVD synthesis of graphene on copper catalytic surface

2021

Graphene is a sheet of honeycomb bonded carbon, that is only one atom thick. Aside from its remarkable strength, graphene has great conducting and photochemical prop erties. Due to its unique properties, it can be used as viable option for rare metals in circuits and in new type of measuring components. To express these properties at their best, graphene should be single crystal and as clean as possible. In this bachelor thesis, different treatment options for catalytic metal surface for graphene synthesis are studied in chemical vapor deposition growth. Different options to treat the catalytic metal layer were studied, such as changes in gas compositions in annealing process, electropolish…

hiilidioksidihapetuskemiallinen synteesigraphenecarbon dioxidecleaningpuhdistuskuparisurface treatmentpintakäsittelynanorakenteetthin filmsoxidation (active)coppernanostructuresgrafeeniohutkalvotchemical synthesis
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A Computational Study of Adsorption of CO2, SO2, and H2CO on Free-Standing and Molybdenum-Supported CaO Films

2019

Oxide films play a significant role in a wide range of fields from catalysis to solar cell materials. CaO films are promising sorbents for many environmentally harmful molecules. Here, we report a systematic investigation of adsorption of CO2, SO2, and H2CO on bulk and Mo-supported CaO(100) films using density functional theory. Significant effects on adsorption energy, charge transfer to the molecules, and degree of the C−O bond activation were demonstrated on Mo-supported CaO films by changing the film thickness, composition, and the strength and direction of an applied external electric field. These findings are relevant for interpreting results from scanning tunneling microscopy of smal…

hiilidioksidirikkidioksidithin filmsadsorptionsulphur dioxidecarbon dioxideformaldehydeohutkalvotadsorptioformaldehydilaskennallinen kemiacomputational chemistry
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