Search results for " infections"
showing 10 items of 2592 documents
Helicobacter pylori and Barretts esophagus: a protective factor or a real cause?
2017
Nothwithstanding the definite aethiopathogenetic path of certain diseases, the relationship between Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori) and barrett's esophagus (BE), a condition that increases the risk for dysplasia and consequently adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus and esophagogastric junction, remains uncertain. this paper reviews the current scientific literature with emphasis on the protective correlation between H. Pylori infection and BE, and demonstrates that a causal relathionship has not been disproved with certainty. Furthermore, H. Pylori infection could pose a risk for the onset of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which could in turn trigger BE, a precancerous lesion and…
Fungal infections in transplantation patients
2003
Invasive fungal infections have became one of the principal obstacles to successful solid organ and bone marrow transplantation. The natural history and incidence of systemic fungal infection varies with the type of organ transplanted and the immunosuppressive therapy administered; the majority of infections occur within the first two months after transplantation. The most common fungi that cause disease in transplant recipients are Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. The clinical presentations of fungal infections in solid-organ transplant recipients are non specific and often overlap with other infectious and non infectious processes; for this reason it's important maintain a high index of …
2016 WHO GLOBAL GUIDELINES FOR THE PREVENTION OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTION: A NEW STEP TO IMPROVE PATIENT'S SAFETY BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER SURGERY
2017
Surgical site infection (SSI) are among the most preventable health-care-associated infections and are a substantial burden to health-care systems and service payers worldwide in terms of patient morbidity, mortality, and additional costs. SSI prevention is complex and requires the integration of a range of measures before, during and after surgery. No international guidelines are available and incosistencies in the interpretations of evidence and recommendations of national guidelines have been identified. Given the burden of SSI worldwide, the numerous gaps in evidence-based guidance, and the need for standardisation and a global approach, WHO decided to prioritise the development of evid…
Upper respiratory tract infections in children: From case history to management
2015
Respiratory tract infections are the most common diseases in childhood. The respiratory tract, widely branched system of ducts, is particularly exposed to the action of microorganisms transmitted by air from here the high frequency of infections they face especially in the first years of life. It is usual distinguish: upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). In particular, in infections of the upper airways, the inflammatory process, result of the interaction between microbes and the immune response, can be localized to the mucosa of the nose or sinuses (common cold and sinusitis), or the pharynx or larynx (pharyngotonsillitis and laryngitis) …
Neonatal osteomyelitis of the talus due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis
2013
Acute osteomyelitis is a relatively rare disorder in the neonatal period, with considerable morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential for a successful outcome. In this report we present a case of acute osteomyelitis of the talus due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis, observed in a 30-day-old infant.
PREVENTION OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS AND SURVEILLANCE OF EMERGING RESISTANCES IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (NICU): A SIX-YEAR PROSPECTIVE COHORT …
2016
NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS, EMERGING RESISTANCES SURVEILLANCE, NICU
Why nursing students have sex without condom? A study in the university of Palermo.
2020
Aims. Evaluation of (hc knowledge and behavioral risks relatcd lo sexually transmiltcd infections (STIs) among the student population of the degree course in nursing at the University of Palermo. Materials and Methods. An anonymous online a survey was provided to students that investigate to socio-demographic information. sexual habits and the level of knowledge of the STIs. Multivariable logistic regression was performed. considering it as a dependent variable "Do you permanently have unprotected sex (without a condom)? Yes", in order to evaluate the role of the variables of the questionnaire. Results are expressed as adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR). Results. The sample size consists of 405. The…
Content analysis of Spanish judgements addressing the sexual transmission of HIV: 1996-2016.
2018
This study performed a content analysis of the language of the Spanish judgements addressing the sexual transmission of HIV in order to determine its possible interrelationship with HIV-related stigma. All judgements and writs dictated by Spanish penal and civil jurisdictions between 1981 and December 2016 were obtained through a systematic search of the Spanish legal databases. The inclusion criterion was that the possible transmission of HIV was judged as an individual infraction, regardless of whether other infractions were involved. Twenty judgements were selected and analysed through direct content analysis assisted by the software MAXQDA 12. The majority of the cases (85%) were brough…
Antibodies to human herpes virus type 8 (HHV8) in general population and in individuals at risk for sexually transmitted diseases in Western Sicily.
2000
Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) appears to be the primary aetiologic agent of Kaposi sarcoma (KS). To study the distribution of HHV8, a seroepidemiological study was carried out in western Sicily, where a high incidence rate of classical KS is well documented.A total of 970 sera of healthy human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative individuals of general population (1-70 years old) and 742 sera of individuals in different risk groups for HIV infection were evaluated by means of an indirect immunofluorescence assay able to detect antibodies to lytic and latent HHV8 antigens.Crude seroprevalence to HHV8 antigens was 11.5% in the general population, and it increased significantly with age from 6%…
Serological and virological evidence of non-sexual transmission of human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV8).
2000
To evaluate whether or not human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) can be transmitted through a non-sexual route a serological survey was carried out in a group of 51 catholic nuns. The seroprevalence rate and the geometrical mean antibody titre to anti-latent HHV8 antigen were similar in nuns and in a group of 60 women, matched by age, in the general population (27 vs. 24%; 1028 vs. 1575, respectively). Moreover, by using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), HHV8 DNA sequences were detected in 7 of 16 (43·8%) saliva and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with classical Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and in 3 out of 7 (42%) AIDS-KS patients. None of 5 HIV positive persons who did not have…