Search results for " injury"

Rat liver preservation by hypothermic oscillating liver perfusion compared to simple cold storage.

1998

Rat livers were preserved hypothermically for 10 or 24 h in vitro as if for transplantation. Two methods of preservation were compared using physiological and biochemical parameters: simple storage and oscillating perfusion. By measuring the nucleotides after preservation the calculated energy charge was significantly higher after 10 and 24 h of oscillating perfusion compared to the simple storage group. In addition, a significant energy charge loading was demonstrated by 10 h oscillating perfusion compared to the initial value prior to perfusion. The oscillating, computer-controlled perfusion permits continuous monitoring of perfusate temperature, O2 consumption, pCO2, portal vein pressure…

Time-course of GDNF and its receptor expression after brain injury in the rat

2008

Abstract The aim of the present work was to perform, by in situ hybridization, a time-course analysis of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its receptor mRNA expression in two models of brain injury in the rat: (a) excitotoxic lesion by ibotenic acid injection in the hippocampal formation; (b) mechanical lesion by needle insertion through the cerebral cortex including the white matter of the corpus callosum. The time-course analysis, ranging from 6 h to 8 days, showed that the GDNF and its receptor (RET, GFRα-1 and GFRα-2) mRNA expressions were differentially up-regulated in both models of lesion. This in vivo regulation of the GDNF and its receptor mRNA expression i…

TIMP expression in toxic and cholestatic liver injury in rat.

1997

Abstract Background/Aims: Hepatic fibrosis is a dynamic pathological process with a net accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins. Recent evidence suggests that besides their increased synthesis, inhibition of matrix degradation plays a significant role. ECM degradation occurs via metalloproteinases which are inhibited in situ by specific tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). The aim of our studies was to determine the expression of TIMPs during toxic liver injury and cholestatic liver injury leading to fibrosis. Methods: We examined the expression of TIMP-1, -2 and -3 in two different rat models for liver injury (intraperitoneal CCl 4 injection and bile duct ligation) by Nor…

Upregulation of antibody response to heat shock proteins and tissue antigens in an ocular ischemia model.

2011

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to characterize the serum antibody reactivities occurring after ocular ischemia reperfusion. The time course of serum antibody responses was examined. METHODS. Wistar rats were exposed to transient ocular ischemia by elevating intraocular pressure to 130 mm Hg for 60 minutes. Axonal damage was evaluated on optic-nerve sections 2 and 4 weeks later. Blood samples collected before and several times after ischemia were used for antibody detection via customized protein microarrays. Different tissue antigens, including heat shock proteins (HSPs) and crystallins, were selected based on previous identification of antibody reactivities in studies on ischemic event…

Differential distribution of inflammatory cells in large and small airways in smokers

2007

BACKGROUND: Smoking induces structural changes in the airways, and is considered a major factor in the development of airflow obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, differences in inflammatory cell distribution between large airways (LA) and small airways (SA) have not been systematically explored in smokers. Hypothesis: The content of cells infiltrating the airway wall differs between LA and SA. AIMS: To compare the content of neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes and mast cells infiltrating LA and SA in smokers who underwent surgery for lung cancer. METHODS: Lung tissue from 15 smokers was analysed. Inflammatory cells in the lamina propria were identified by immuno…

Regulation of organic anion transporters in a new rat model of acute and chronic cholangitis resembling human primary sclerosing cholangitis

2002

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a cholestatic liver disease of unknown etiology. Although the primary defect affects cholangiocytes, cholestatic injury of hepatocytes may promote further liver damage. Since down-regulation of hepatocellular organic anion transporters is implicated in the molecular pathogenesis of cholestasis, expression of these transporters was determined in a novel rat model, which closely resembles human PSC.Hepatic protein and mRNA expression of basolateral (Ntcp, Oatp1, 2 and 4) and canalicular (Mrp2, Bsep) organic anion transporters were analyzed 1, 4 and 12 weeks after induction of experimental PSC by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS).Specific down-re…

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion promotes brain damage via microglia activation: can we do something now?

2012

Epidemiological characteristics, practice of ventilation, and clinical outcome in patients at risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome in intensiv…

2016

Background Scant information exists about the epidemiological characteristics and outcome of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) at risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and how ventilation is managed in these individuals. We aimed to establish the epidemiological characteristics of patients at risk of ARDS, describe ventilation management in this population, and assess outcomes compared with people at no risk of ARDS. Methods PRoVENT (PRactice of VENTilation in critically ill patients without ARDS at onset of ventilation) is an international, multicentre, prospective study undertaken at 119 ICUs in 16 countries worldwide. All patients aged 18 years or older who were rece…

Epidemiology, practice of ventilation and outcome for patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications:LAS VEGAS - An observationa…

2017

BACKGROUND Limited information exists about the epidemiology and outcome of surgical patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), and how intraoperative ventilation was managed in these patients. OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence of surgical patients at increased risk of PPCs, and to compare the intraoperative ventilation management and postoperative outcomes with patients at low risk of PPCs. DESIGN This was a prospective international 1-week observational study using the ‘Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia risk score’ (ARISCAT score) for PPC for risk stratification. PATIENTS AND SETTING Adult patients requiring intraoperative venti…

Altered hip control during a standing knee-lift test is associated with increased risk of knee injuries

2020

Few prospective studies have investigated hip and pelvic control as a risk factor for lower extremity (LE) injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether deficits in hip and lumbopelvic control during standing knee lift test are associated with increased risk of acute knee and LE injuries in youth team sports. At baseline, 258 basketball and floorball players (aged 12‒21 y.) participated in a standing knee lift test using 3‐dimensional motion analysis. Two trials per leg were recorded from each participant. Peak sagittal plane pelvic tilt and frontal plane pelvic drop/hike were measured. Both continuous and categorical variables were analysed. New non‐contact LE injuries, an…