Search results for " personali"
showing 10 items of 756 documents
A confirmatory factor analytic validation of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory
2015
Abstract Objective Because the postulated three-factor structure of the internationally widely used Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) has not been confirmed yet by a confirmatory factor analytic approach this was the central aim of the current study. Methods From a clinical setting, N = 373 patients with chronic tinnitus completed the THI and further questionnaires assessing tinnitus-related and psychological variables. In order to analyze the psychometric properties of the THI, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and correlational analyses were conducted. Results CFA provided a statistically significant support for a better fit of the data to the hypothesized three-factor structure ( RMSEA…
Type-D personality and depersonalization are associated with suicidal ideation in the German general population aged 35–74: Results from the Gutenber…
2009
Suicidal ideation (SID) is a major risk factor for suicide attempts. Mental disorders are among the strongest correlates of suicide, with depression and anxiety disorders playing a major role. The present study aims to investigate the contribution of under researched factors contributing to SID such as depersonalization, Type-D personality and cardiovascular risk factors.Factors associated with SID were investigated in a sample of N=5000 participants (aged 35-74 years) of the community-based survey "Gutenberg Heart Study". The factors were assessed by self-report instruments, computer-assisted interviews and medical examination.7.5% of the sample reported SID over the last 2 weeks. In the u…
Prevalence of distress, comorbid conditions and well being in the general population.
2011
Abstract Background The purposes of this paper are to determine the prevalence of distress in the community, to identify its determinants and to assess its relationship to somatic conditions and subjective well being. Methods Distress and associated factors were investigated in a random sample of 5000 participants (35–74 years) of a community-based, prospective, observational cohort study in western Mid-Germany (“Gutenberg Heart Study”) between 04/2007 and 10/2008. The sample was stratified 1:1 for gender and residence and in equal strata for decades of age. Data were assessed by self-report instruments, interviews and medical examination. Results We found a prevalence rate for depression o…
Neuroticism, extraversion, stressful life events and asthma: a cohort study of middle-aged adults
2009
ABSTRACT Background: Stressful life events can trigger asthma exacerbations, but could also contribute to the development of incident asthma. However, only few studies have investigated the association between stressful life events and adult asthma prospectively. Likewise, stress-related personality traits (e.g. neuroticism and extraversion) may increase asthma risk, but this has been examined in only one prospective study. We therefore aimed to investigate the association between neuroticism, extraversion, stressful life events and incident asthma. Methods: A population-based sample of 5114 middle-aged adults completed questionnaires between 1992 and 1995. Among those alive in 2002/2003, 4…
Interaction between gene variants of the serotonin transporter promoter region (5-HTTLPR) and catecholO-methyltransferase (COMT) in borderline person…
2008
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by a heterogeneous symptomatology with instability in impulse control, interpersonal relationships and self-image. BPD patients display repeated self-injury, chronic suicidal tendencies and emotional dysregulation, mainly dysregulation of negative affect. In its etiology, genetic and environmental factors have been suggested. Recently, an investigation in male healthy volunteers found gene–gene effects of the catechol-O-methyl-transferase (COMT) low-activity (Met158) and the low-expression allele of the deletion/insertion (short/long or S/L, respectively) polymorphism in the serotonin transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) on the…
Two-Year Stability of Psychosis Proneness Scales and Their Relations to Personality Disorder Traits
2000
Two-year stability of Physical Anhedonia (PhA), Perceptual Aberration (PER), and Magical Ideation (MI) scale scores and their relation to personality disorder traits were examined. Additionally, the effects of a time-lagged (prospective) versus concurrent measurement of psychosis proneness and personality disorder traits were studied to examine the specificity of MI, PER, and PhA. With a non-college-student sample (n = 404), stability for PhA was sufficiently high, but for PER and MI, stability was moderate to low. The correlations between personality disorder traits and psychosis proneness scales demonstrate that simultaneous assessment leads to a more nonspecific pattern of associations f…
Cognitive functioning and anhedonia in subjects at risk for schizophrenia
1993
This study investigated the performance of individuals with familiar loading of schizophrenia (healthy siblings of schizophrenic inpatients) on three neuropsychological tasks assumed to require frontal lobe functions: Trail Making Test (TMT), verbal fluency and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Healthy siblings of schizophrenics differed in performance from healthy controls not only on the WCST, but also on the Trail Making Test and the verbal fluency task. Furthermore, scores of physical anhedonia, assessed in a self-report rating scale (Chapman et al., 1976) were also significantly higher in the high risk group than in the control sample. However, healthy siblings of schizophrenics did …
Type D personality as a cardiovascular risk marker in the general population: results from the Gutenberg health study.
2011
<i>Background:</i> Type D personality is considered as an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular patients and a vulnerability factor for distress in the general population. Because representative community studies are rare, we sought to determine the prevalence of type D personality and its relationship with demographic characteristics, different features of mental disorders, cardiovascular risk factors, health behavior, endothelial function and cardiovascular biomarkers in the general population. <i>Methods:</i> The prevalence of type D personality and its correlates were analyzed cross-sectionally in a population-based sample of 5,000…
Implicit and explicit self-concept of neuroticism in borderline personality disorder
2019
In the past, research on personality in borderline personality disorder (BPD) used primarily questionnaires suggesting heightened neuroticism in BPD. Self-report instruments inform about the conscious or explicit self-concept. BPD patients are known to show negative distortion with exaggeration of negative affect in the self-report. Neuroticism represents a risk factor for mental disorders. Indirect measures are available that tap into the implicit self-concept of neuroticism. The implicit self-concept refers to individual differences in associative representations of the self. The present study examined for the first time the implicit in addition to the explicit self-concept of neuroticism…
Human cooperation in groups: variation begets variation
2015
Open Access Published: 04 November 2015 Human cooperation in groups: variation begets variation Pieter van den Berg, Lucas Molleman, Jaakko Junikka, Mikael Puurtinen & Franz J. Weissing Scientific Reports volume 5, Article number: 16144 (2015) Cite this article 383 Accesses 4 Citations 6 Altmetric Metricsdetails Abstract Many experiments on human cooperation have revealed that individuals differ systematically in their tendency to cooperate with others. It has also been shown that individuals condition their behaviour on the overall cooperation level of their peers. Yet, little is known about how individuals respond to heterogeneity in cooperativeness in their neighbourhood. Here, we presen…