Search results for " stability."

showing 10 items of 1315 documents

Solvent-free ball-milling subcomponent synthesis of metallosupramolecular complexes.

2015

Subcomponent self-assembly from components A, B, C, D, and Fe(2+) under solvent-free conditions by self-sorting leads to the construction of three structurally different metallosupramolecular iron(II) complexes. Under carefully selected ball-milling conditions, tetranuclear [Fe4 (AD2 )6 ](4-) 22-component cage 1, dinuclear [Fe2 (BD2 )3 ](2-) 11-component helicate 2, and 5-component mononuclear [Fe(CD3 )](2+) complex 3 were prepared simultaneously in a one-pot reaction from 38 components. Through subcomponent substitution reaction by adding subcomponent B, the [Fe4 (AD2 )6 ](4-) cage converts quantitatively to the [Fe2 (BD2 )3 ](2-) helicate, which, in turn, upon addition of subcomponent C, …

Substitution reactionSolvent freeChemistryStereochemistryOrganic ChemistrySupramolecular chemistryGeneral ChemistryCatalysisball millself-sortingsupramolecular chemistryTurn (biochemistry)CrystallographySelf sortingMechanochemistrymulticomponent synthesisdynamic imine chemistryChemical stabilitymechanochemistryBall millta116Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Light-driven proton transport of bacteriorhodopsin incorporated into long-term stable liposomes of a polymerizable sulfolipid

1983

Abstract The chromoprotein bacteriorhodopsin from Halobacterium halobium has been incorporated into liposomes made of a fully synthetic, polymerizable lipid. Bacteriorhodopsin is found to be active in these polymer liposomes. The advantage in the use of such polymer systems concerning long-term stability in comparison with liposomes made of natural lipid is demonstrated.

SulfolipidBiophysicsBacteriorhodopsinHalobacterium halobiumBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundStructural BiologyChromoproteinProton transportGeneticsOrganic chemistryLight-driven proton pumpLong-term stabilityMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationLiposomebiologyBacteriorhodopsinCell BiologyPolymerLiposomechemistrybiological sciencesbiology.proteinLight drivenBiophysicsPolymerizable synthetic lipidFEBS Letters
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Reentrant stability of superconducting films and the vanishing of dendritic flux instability

2007

We propose a mechanism responsible for the abrupt vanishing of the dendritic flux instability found in many superconducting films when an increasing magnetic field is applied. The onset of flux avalanches and the subsequent reentrance of stability in NbN films were investigated using magneto-optical imaging, and the threshold fields were measured as functions of critical current density ${j}_{c}$. The results are explained with excellent quantitative agreement by a thermomagnetic model published recently [D. V. Denisov et al., Phys. Rev. B 73, 014512 (2006)], showing that the reentrant stability is a direct consequence of a monotonously decreasing ${j}_{c}$ versus field.

SuperconductivityPhysicsReentrancyCondensed matter physicsField (physics)Condensed Matter::SuperconductivityFluxThermal stabilityThermomagnetic convectionCondensed Matter PhysicsInstabilityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldPhysical Review B
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Carbohydrate-supramolecular gels : adsorbents for chromium(VI) removal from wastewater.

2019

Abstract Hypothesis To overcome the contamination of water by heavy metals the adsorption of the pollutant on gel phases is an attractive solution since gels are inexpensive, potentially highly efficient and form a distinct phase while allowing diffusion of the contaminated water throughout the material. This work tests the chromium(VI) adsorbent capacity of new supramolecular gels for Chromium(VI) removal from wastewater. Experiments First hydrophobic imidazolium salts of carbohydrate anions were synthesised as new gelators. Subsequently, they were dissolved in a solvent by heating and, after cooling overnight, to give the formation of supramolecular gels. The properties of the resulting g…

Supramolecular chemistryInfrared spectroscopychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologychemisorption010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiomaterialsChromiumchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryAdsorptionThermal stabilityHexavalent chromiumhexavalent chromiumChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSolventcarbohydrate gelatorwastewater treatmentChemical engineeringreduction of toxic metalSelf-healing hydrogelsSupramolecular gel0210 nano-technologyenvironmental remediation
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Geminal Imidazolium Salts: A new Class of Gelators

2012

The gelling behavior of some geminal diimidazolium salts was investigated in solvents differing in polarity and hydrogen bond donor ability. The used salts, namely the 3,3'-di-n-decyl-1,1'(1,4-phenylenedimethylene)diimidazolium dibromide [p-Xyl-(decim)(2)][Br](2) (1), the 3,3'-di-n-dodecyl-1,1'(1,4-phenylenedimethylene)diimidazolium dibromide [p-Xyl-(dodecim)(2)][Br](2) (2), and the 3,3'-di-n-dodecyl-1,1'(1,4-phenylenedimethylene)diimidazolium ditetrafluoroborate [p-Xyl-(dodecim)(2)][BF(4)](2) (3), differ in the alkyl chain length and in the anion properties, such as size, shape, and coordination ability. In all cases in which gelation process was observed, the obtained gels were characteri…

Supramolecular chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundBromidePolymer chemistryElectrochemistryMoleculeOrganic chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceSpectroscopyAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationMolecular StructureGeminalHydrogen bondChemistryImidazolesHydrogen BondingSurfaces and InterfacesSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaCondensed Matter PhysicsResonance (chemistry)Geminal imidazolium salts Low molecular weight gelator OrganogelThermodynamicsSaltsChemical stabilityGelsOrganogels Hydrogels imidazolium salts
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Electronic structure and thermodynamic stability of double-layeredSrTiO3(001)surfaces:Ab initiosimulations

2007

Using the B3PW hybrid exchange-correlation functional within density-functional theory and employing Gaussian-type basis sets, we calculated the atomic and electronic structures and thermodynamic stability of three double-layered (DL) SrTiO3(001) surfaces: (i) SrO-terminated, (ii) TiO2-terminated, and (iii) (2×1) reconstruction of TiO2-terminated SrTiO3(001) recently suggested by Erdman et al. [Nature (London) 419, 55 (2002)]. A thermodynamic stability diagram obtained from first-principles calculations shows that regular TiO2- and SrO-terminated surfaces are the most stable. The stability regions of (2×1) DL TiO2- and DL SrO-terminated surfaces lie beyond the precipitation lines of SrO and…

Surface (mathematics)Materials sciencePrecipitation (chemistry)Covalent bondDiagramAb initioPhysical chemistryThermodynamicsChemical stabilityElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsStability (probability)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhysical Review B
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Enhanced Thermal Stability of Gold and Silver Nanorods by Thin Surface Layers

2007

Using in situ transmission electron microscopy, we find that a carbon shell governs the morphological transitions of gold and silver nanorods upon heating. Encapsulated Ag nanorods show a surprising nonuniform sublimation behavior starting from one side and leaving behind the shell. Uncovered gold nanorods transform their shape to spheres well below the bulk melting temperature through surface diffusion, which is prevented by a thin carbon shell.

Surface diffusionMaterials scienceMelting temperatureNanotechnologySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIn situ transmission electron microscopyGeneral EnergyChemical engineeringSPHERESThermal stabilitySublimation (phase transition)NanorodPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySilver nanorodsThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Regulation of cell cycle transcription factor Swi5 by karyopherin Msn5

2012

AbstractInactivation of S. cerevisiae β-karyopherin Msn5 causes hypersensitivity to the overexpression of mitotic cyclin Clb2 and aggravates growth defects of many mutant strains in mitotic exit, suggesting a connection between Msn5 and mitotic exit. We determined that Msn5 controlled subcellular localization of the mitotic exit transcription factor Swi5, since it was required for Swi5 nuclear export. Msn5 physically interacted with the N-terminal end of Swi5. Inactivation of Msn5 caused a severe reduction in cellular levels of Swi5 protein. This effect occurred by a post-transcriptional mechanism, since SWI5 mRNA levels were not affected. The reduced amount of Swi5 in msn5 mutant cells was…

Swi5Saccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsGenes FungalActive Transport Cell NucleusMitosisCell Cycle ProteinsSaccharomyces cerevisiaeKaryopherinsProtein degradationBiologyNuclear export signalMolecular BiologyMitosisTranscription factorKaryopherinMsn5Cell Nucleuschemistry.chemical_classificationProtein StabilityCell CycleCell BiologyCell cycleβ-karyopherinMolecular biologyCell biologyProtein TransportchemistryMitotic exitMutationNuclear transportProtein BindingSubcellular FractionsTranscription FactorsBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research
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In vitro skin penetration of bronidox, bronopol and formaldehyde from cosmetics

2020

The objective was to evaluate the influence of the formulation in the in vitro transdermal absorption through pig ear skin of three preservatives, bronopol, bronidox and formaldehyde as well as the absorption of formaldehyde from bronopol and dimethyloldimethyl hydantoin (DMDM hydantoin). An aqueous solution, an O/W emulsion and a hydrogel were assayed. Bronidox and bronopol absorption depends on the formulation. The O/W emulsion was the system that least promoted absorption of bronidox while the absorption of bronopol was lower from the hydrogel. The aqueous solution provided maximal transdermal absorption of both preservatives. Moreover, the transdermal absorption of formaldehyde released…

SwineSkin AbsorptionFormaldehydeHydantoinCosmeticsAbsorption (skin)010501 environmental sciencesToxicology030226 pharmacology & pharmacy01 natural sciencesDMDM hydantoinDioxanes03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDrug StabilityFormaldehydeAnimals0105 earth and related environmental sciencesBronidoxAqueous solutionChromatographyPreservatives PharmaceuticalHydrogelsGeneral MedicineBronopolchemistryPropylene GlycolsEmulsionEmulsionsRegulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology
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Transcutol containing vesicles for topical delivery of minoxidil

2010

The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of Transcutol (Trc) to produce elastic vesicles with soy lecithin (SL) and study the influence of the obtained vesicles on in vitro (trans)dermal delivery of minoxidil. To this purpose, so-called penetration enhancer-containing vesicles (PEVs) were prepared using Trc aqueous solutions (5-10-20-30% v/v) as hydrophilic phase. SL liposomes, without Trc, were used as control. Prepared formulations were characterized in terms of size distribution, morphology, zeta potential, deformability, and rheological behavior. The influence of the obtained PEVs on (trans)dermal delivery of minoxidil was studied by in vitro diffusion experiments through pig sk…

SwineStereochemistryVasodilator AgentsPharmaceutical ScienceAdministration CutaneousDiffusionExcipientschemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsDrug Stabilitystomatognathic systemPhosphatidylcholineLecithinsZeta potentialmedicineAnimalsParticle SizeMicroparticleSkinDrug CarriersLiposomeAqueous solutionChromatographyChemistryVesiclefungiPenetration (firestop)MinoxidilLiposomesMinoxidilEthylene Glycolsmedicine.drugJournal of Drug Targeting
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