Search results for " surface"

showing 10 items of 2838 documents

FT-IR investigation of the urea state in lecithin and sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate reversed micelles

2003

Abstract FT-IR spectra of urea/lecithin/CCl4 and urea/sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (NaDEHP)/CCl4 systems as a function of the urea-to-surfactant molar ratio (Rurea) at a fixed surfactant concentration (0.1 mol kg−1) have been recorded at 25 °C. Analysis of the absorption spectra leads the to hypothesis that urea is confined within the hydrophilic micellar core of lecithin and NaDEHP reversed micelles. The encapsulation of urea involves some changes of the urea NH stretching band with respect to that of the pure solid urea, attributable to confinement effects. The stretching modes of the surfactant head group are affected by the presence of urea, indicating specific urea-surfactant hea…

Chromatographyfood.ingredientSodiumPhospholipidchemistry.chemical_elementMicelleLecithinSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryfoodSulfonatechemistryPulmonary surfactantPhosphatidylcholineUreaNuclear chemistryJournal of Colloid and Interface Science
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Removal of trivalent chromium from tannery waste waters using bone charcoal

2002

International audience; The ability of bone charcoal to remove Cr(III) from aqueous solutions by adsorption has been investigated. The adsorbent used was first characterised and then the adsorption was studied as a function of time and amount of charcoal. Tests were carried out with synthetic solutions whose Cr concentrations (500 mg L-1) were similar to those found in some effluents of Moroccan tannery industries. Cr removal efficiencies higher than 90% were obtained at pH 3.5 using 3 g of bone charcoal and a stirring time of about 30 min. Results of Cr removal by all sieved fractions of bone charcoal had shown the same interesting capabilities for Cr(III) retention. The cross interference…

Chromiuminorganic chemicalschemistry.chemical_elementMineralogyIndustrial WasteHydrochloric acid02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundChromiumAdsorptionNitric acidSpecific surface areaCharcoal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesAqueous solutionSpectrophotometry Atomic[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyequipment and supplies6. Clean watercarbohydrates (lipids)MoroccochemistrySodium hydroxidevisual_artCharcoalvisual_art.visual_art_mediumMicroscopy Electron ScanningAdsorption0210 nano-technologyWater Pollutants ChemicalNuclear chemistry
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Halloysite nanotubes-carbon dots hybrids multifunctional nanocarrier with positive cell target ability as a potential non-viral vector for oral gene …

2019

Abstract Hypothesis The use of non-viral vectors for gene therapy is hindered by their lower transfection efficiency and their lacking of self-track ability. Experiments This study aims to investigate the biological properties of halloysite nanotubes-carbon dots hybrid and its potential use as non-viral vector for oral gene therapy. The morphology and the chemical composition of the halloysite hybrid were investigated by means of high angle annular dark field scanning TEM and electron energy loss spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The cytotoxicity and the antioxidant activity were investigated by standard methods (MTS, DPPH and H2O2, respectively) using human cervical cancer HeLa cells …

Circular dichroismCell SurvivalSurface PropertiesStatic ElectricityAdministration Oral02 engineering and technologyCellular imagingengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesHalloysiteAntioxidantsBiomaterialsHeLaColloid and Surface ChemistryDynamic light scatteringFluorescence microscopeTumor Cells CulturedCarbon dotsAnimalsHumansParticle SizeSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaDrug CarriersbiologyMolecular StructureHalloysite nanotubesChemistryNanotubes CarbonOptical ImagingGene Transfer TechniquesTransfectionDNASettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologybiology.organism_classificationDark field microscopyDNA interaction0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsHalloysite nanotubes Carbon dots DNA interaction Cellular imagingengineeringBiophysicsCattleNanocarriers0210 nano-technologyPorosityHeLa Cells
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Confinement of chiral molecules in reverse micelles: FT-IR, polarimetric and VCD investigation on the state of dimethyl tartrate in sodium bis(2-ethy…

2008

Abstract The state of d and l -dimethyl tartrate confined within dry sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) reverse micelles dispersed in CCl 4 has been investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, polarimetry, and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD). Measurements have been performed at 25 °C as a function of the solubilizate-to-surfactant molar ratio ( R ) at a fixed AOT concentration (0.158 M). The analysis of experimental data is consistent with the hypothesis that both enantiomers of dimethyl tartrate are mainly entrapped in the reverse micelles and located in proximity to the surfactant head-group region. The formation of this interesting self-organized chiral nanostructure involves som…

Circular dichroismInorganic chemistryInfrared spectroscopyTartrateMicellechemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryMonomerchemistryPulmonary surfactantVibrational circular dichroismPhysical chemistryEnantiomerDimethyl tartrate Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate Reverse micelles Chiral nanostructures FT-IR spectroscopy Vibrational circular dichroism Optical rotationColloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
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Enantiomerically pure trinuclear helicates via diastereoselective self-assembly and characterization of their redox chemistry.

2014

A tris(bipyridine) ligand 1 with two BINOL (BINOL = 2, 2′-dihydroxy-1, 1′-binaphthyl) groups has been prepared in two enantiomerically pure forms. This ligand undergoes completely diastereoselective self-assembly into D2-symmeteric double-stranded trinuclear helicates upon coordination to copper(I) and silver(I) ions and to D3-symmetric triple-stranded trinuclear helicates upon coordination to copper(II), zinc(II), and iron(II) ions as demonstrated by mass spectrometry, NMR and CD spectroscopy in combination with quantum chemical calculations and X-ray diffraction analysis. According to the calculations, the single diastereomers that are formed during the self-assembly process are strongly …

Circular dichroismStereochemistryLigandDiastereomerchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryZincBiochemistryCopperRedoxCatalysisCrystallographyBipyridinechemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface Chemistrychemistrytrinuclear helicates; diastereoselective self-assembly; X-ray diffraction; redox chemistrySelf-assemblyta116Journal of the American Chemical Society
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Magnesium alloys laser (Nd:YAG) cladding and alloying with side injection of aluminium powder

2003

International audience; The development of the high purity magnesium alloys (such as WE43) incites the designers to reconsider them, and the car industry appears, these days, the most interested to use this kind of alloy. However, due to their ignitability and tendency to oxidation, magnesium alloys require surface treatments. A series of experiments was carried out in order to improve the corrosion resistance of two types of magnesium alloys, WE43 and ZE41. In most cases, the substrate surface was treated before laser interaction. Side injection of aluminium powder under a 3 kW cw Nd:YAG laser was employed. The deposited layers present very good bond properties. The resulting microstructur…

Cladding (metalworking)Materials scienceAlloyIntermetallic[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]General Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementMetallic surfaces02 engineering and technologyengineering.material01 natural sciencesCorrosionAluminiumCoatings0103 physical sciencesAluminium010302 applied physicsMagnesiumMetallurgySurfaces and InterfacesGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructureSurfaces Coatings and Filmschemistryengineering[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Aluminium powderPowders0210 nano-technologyScanning electron microscopy
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The linearized Calderón problem on complex manifolds

2019

International audience; In this note we show that on any compact subdomain of a Kähler manifold that admits sufficiently many global holomorphic functions , the products of harmonic functions form a complete set. This gives a positive answer to the linearized anisotropic Calderón problem on a class of complex manifolds that includes compact subdomains of Stein manifolds and sufficiently small subdomains of Kähler manifolds. Some of these manifolds do not admit limiting Carleman weights, and thus cannot by treated by standard methods for the Calderón problem in higher dimensions. The argument is based on constructing Morse holo-morphic functions with approximately prescribed critical points.…

Class (set theory)Pure mathematicsGeneral MathematicsHolomorphic function01 natural sciencesinversio-ongelmatSet (abstract data type)symbols.namesake[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]0101 mathematics[MATH]Mathematics [math]complex manifoldMathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematicsosittaisdifferentiaaliyhtälötCalderón problemMathematics::Complex VariablesApplied MathematicsRiemann surface010102 general mathematicsLimitingStandard methodsManifold010101 applied mathematicsHarmonic function[MATH.MATH-DG]Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG]symbolsinverse problemMathematics::Differential Geometrymonistot
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Close range photogrammetry for measurement of paintings surface deformation

2009

The paper describes the first results about a study on the measurement of paintings surface deformation. The study was carried out using one ancient painting model made in a restoration laboratory and consolidated with the materials and dilutions most frequently used in the field of conservation. The restorers suppose deformations of the paintings surface from 0.1 mm to some millimetre when the painting model is keeping in environment with the presence of humidity and temperature fluctuations. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the relative accuracy and the reliability of multi-images photogrammetric techniques related to the camera stations network and to the commercial software …

Close range photogrammetry accuracy surface deformationSettore ICAR/06 - Topografia E Cartografia
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Real-Time Observation of “Soft” Magic-Size Clusters during Hydrolysis of the Model Metallodrug Bismuth Disalicylate

2021

International audience; Colloidal bismuth therapeutics have been used for hundreds of years, yet remain mysterious. Here we report an X-ray pair distribution function (PDF) study of the solvolysis of bismuth disalicylate, a model for the metallodrug bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol). This reveals catalysis by traces of water, followed by multistep cluster growth. The ratio of the two major species, {Bi9O7} and {Bi38O44}, depends on exposure to air, time, and the solvent. The solution-phase cluster structures are of significantly higher symmetry in comparison to solid-state analogues, with reduced off-center Bi3+ displacements. This explains why such “magic-size” clusters can be both stab…

Cluster chemistrychemistry.chemical_element[CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysisBismuth subsalicylateBismuthlaw.inventionColloidColloid and Surface ChemistrylawCluster (physics)medicineOrganometallic Compounds[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryCrystallization010405 organic chemistryPair distribution functionGeneral ChemistrySalicylates0104 chemical sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryCrystallographychemistrySolvolysisCrystallization ; Group theory ; Bismuth ; Cluster chemistry ; Metal clustersBismuthmedicine.drug
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EFFECT OF SURFACTANT AND SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURE ON THE GROWTH OF Ag FILMS ON A SAPPHIRE SURFACE

1997

The possibility of modification of the thin film growth on an insulating (sapphire) substrate by using a Ga monolayer as a "surfactant" was studied. We found that the films grown in this way are electrically conducting and can emit photoelectrons at much lower thickness than those deposited on a pure substrate. The surfactant stabilizes the positions of Ag atoms on the substrate surface and inhibits the coalescence of small nuclei into bigger islands, even when the film is annealed to 450 K. This fact may be very important for thin metal film technology.

Coalescence (physics)Materials scienceSubstrate surfaceNanotechnologySurfaces and InterfacesPhotoelectric effectCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsPulmonary surfactantChemical engineeringMonolayerMaterials ChemistrySapphireThin metalThin filmSurface Review and Letters
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