Search results for " transcription"
showing 10 items of 810 documents
Regulatory T Cells and IL-10 Independently Counterregulate Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Responses Induced by Transcutaneous Immunization
2011
Background: The imidazoquinoline derivate imiquimod induces inflammatory responses and protection against transplanted tumors when applied to the skin in combination with a cognate peptide epitope (transcutaneous immunization, TCI). Here we investigated the role of regulatory T cells (Treg) and the suppressive cytokine IL-10 in restricting TCI-induced cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. Methodology/Principal Findings: TCI was performed with an ointment containing the TLR7 agonist imiquimod and a CTL epitope was applied to the depilated back skin of C57BL/6 mice. Using specific antibodies and FoxP3-diphteria toxin receptor transgenic (DEREG) mice, we interrogated inhibiting factors after…
Accessible On-Line Floor Plans
2015
Better access to on-line information graphics is a pressing need for people who are blind or have severe vision impairment. We present a new model for accessible presentation of on-line information graphics and demonstrate its use for presenting floor plans. While floor plans are increasingly provided on-line, people who are blind are at best provided with only a high-level textual description. This makes it difficult for them to understand the spatial arrangement of the objects on the floor plan. Our new approach provides users with significantly better access to such plans. The users can automatically generate an accessible version of a floor plan from an on-line floor plan image quickly …
Activated IL-22 pathway occurs in the muscle tissues of patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis and is correlated with disease activity.
2014
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the expression of IL-22, IL-22 receptor 1 (IL-22R1), IL-22 binding protein (IL-22BP) and p-STAT3 in muscle tissue from patients with PM and DM. METHODS: Levels of IL-22, IL-22R1, IL-22BP and STAT3 mRNA were quantified by RT-PCR. The expression of IL-22, IL-22R1, IL-22BP and p-STAT3 was also analysed using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Significant modulation of the IL-22 pathway was observed in inflammatory myopathic tissues. In particular, a significant overexpression of IL-22 at the protein but not the mRNA level was observed in PM/DM tissues and was correlated with myositis activity. IL-22R1 aberrant expression was also observed among infilt…
Tetracycline-controlled transgenic targeting from the SCL locus directs conditional expression to erythrocytes, megakaryocytes, granulocytes, and c-k…
2006
The stem cell leukemia gene SCL, also known as TAL-1, encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor expressed in erythroid, myeloid, megakaryocytic, and hematopoietic stem cells. To be able to make use of the unique tissue-restricted and spatio-temporal expression pattern of the SCL gene, we have generated a knock-in mouse line containing the tTA-2S tetracycline transactivator under the control of SCL regulatory elements. Analysis of this mouse using different tetracycline-dependent reporter strains demonstrated that switchable transgene expression was restricted to erythrocytes, megakaryocytes, granulocytes, and, importantly, to the c-kit-expressing and lineage-negative cell fracti…
Increased immunosuppressive function of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)GITR+ T regulatory cells from NFATc2((-/-)) mice controls allergen-induced experimental …
2012
The expansion of effector T cells is tightly controlled by transcription factors like nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family members that mediate early intracellular responses to T cell receptor-mediated signals. In this study we show that, after allergen challenge, NFATc2((-/-)) mice had augmented number of functionally intact CD4(+)CD25(++)GITR(++) T regulatory (T regs) cells in the lung. Anti-GITR antibody treatment inhibited T regulatory cell function and enhanced the number of activated lung CD4(+) T cells associated with increased IL-2 and pSTAT-5 in the airways of NFATc2((-/-)) mice in experimental allergic asthma. This agonistic treatment led to increased inflammation in …
Redox signaling in acute pancreatitis
2015
Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreatic gland that eventually may lead to a severe systemic inflammatory response. A key event in pancreatic damage is the intracellular activation of NF-κB and zymogens, involving also calcium, cathepsins, pH disorders, autophagy, and cell death, particularly necrosis. This review focuses on the new role of redox signaling in acute pancreatitis. Oxidative stress and redox status are involved in the onset of acute pancreatitis and also in the development of the systemic inflammatory response, being glutathione depletion, xanthine oxidase activation, and thiol oxidation in proteins critical features of the disease in the pancreas. On th…
Adenoviral RB2/p130 gene transfer inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation and prevents restenosis after angioplasty.
1999
Abstract —Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation that results in neointima formation is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaques and accounts for the high rates of restenosis that occur after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, a widespread treatment for coronary artery disease. Endothelial lesions trigger intense proliferative signals to the SMCs of the subintima, stimulating their reentry into the cell cycle from a resting G 0 state, resulting in neointima formation and vascular occlusion. Cellular proliferation is negatively controlled by growth-regulatory or tumor-suppressor genes, or both, such as the retinoblastoma gene family members ( RB/p105, p107, RB2…
The columnar gene vnd is required for tritocerebral neuromere formation during embryonic brain development of Drosophila.
2006
International audience; In Drosophila, evolutionarily conserved transcription factors are required for the specification of neural lineages along the anteroposterior and dorsoventral axes, such as Hox genes for anteroposterior and columnar genes for dorsoventral patterning. In this report, we analyse the role of the columnar patterning gene ventral nervous system defective (vnd) in embryonic brain development. Expression of vnd is observed in specific subsets of cells in all brain neuromeres. Loss-of-function analysis focussed on the tritocerebrum shows that inactivation of vnd results in regionalized axonal patterning defects, which are comparable with the brain phenotype caused by mutatio…
Genome-wide association and genetic functional studies identify autism susceptibility candidate 2 gene (AUTS2) in the regulation of alcohol consumpti…
2011
Alcohol consumption is a moderately heritable trait, but the genetic basis in humans is largely unknown, despite its clinical and societal importance. We report a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of ∼2.5 million directly genotyped or imputed SNPs with alcohol consumption (gram per day per kilogram body weight) among 12 population-based samples of European ancestry, comprising 26,316 individuals, with replication genotyping in an additional 21,185 individuals. SNP rs6943555 in autism susceptibility candidate 2 gene ( AUTS2 ) was associated with alcohol consumption at genome-wide significance ( P = 4 × 10 −8 to P = 4 × 10 −9 ). We found a genotype-specific expression of AUTS2 in 9…
Sporogen, S14-95, and S-curvularin, three inhibitors of human inducible nitric-oxide synthase expression isolated from fungi.
2003
The induction of human inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) expression depends (among other factors) on activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) pathway. Therefore, the STAT1 pathway may be an appropriate target for the development of inhibitors of iNOS expression. HeLa S3 cells transiently transfected with a gamma-activated site (GAS)/interferon-stimulated response element-driven reporter gene construct were used as the primary screening system. Using this system, three novel inhibitors of interferon-gamma-dependent gene expression, namely, sporogen, S14-95, and S-curvularin, were isolated from different Penicillium species. These three compounds also …