Search results for " vaccine"
showing 10 items of 680 documents
Robust Antigen-Specific T Cell Activation within Injectable 3D Synthetic Nanovaccine Depots
2021
Contains fulltext : 244693.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Synthetic cancer vaccines may boost anticancer immune responses by co-delivering tumor antigens and adjuvants to dendritic cells (DCs). The accessibility of cancer vaccines to DCs and thereby the delivery efficiency of antigenic material greatly depends on the vaccine platform that is used. Three-dimensional scaffolds have been developed to deliver antigens and adjuvants locally in an immunostimulatory environment to DCs to enable sustained availability. However, current systems have little control over the release profiles of the cargo that is incorporated and are often characterized by an initial high-burst release. Here,…
Risultati di un test RFLP su ceppi vaccinali di Canine Distemper Virus in Italia
2013
Canine Distemper (CD) is a highly contagious and multisystemic viral disease of domestic and wild carnivores. A published Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) test, based on the presence of a PsiI cleavage site on hemagglutinin (H) gene, allows a rapid differentiation of all currently used vaccine strains by virulent field strains. The present study describes the results of this test carried out on different CD vaccines available in Italy in 2010. RFLP has also revealed that the CD strain present in the Vanguard (Pfizer Animal Health) vaccine reacts as a wild-type strain. Moreover, genetic analysis of H gene sequence has showed that Vanguard vaccine strain does not cluster in the…
Infezione orale da Human papillomavirus: dalla verruca al carcinoma orale. Epidemiologia, clinica, prevenzione e terapia
2015
Riasunto Obiettivi Prendere in esame l’epidemiologia e le manifestazioni cliniche dell’infezione orale da Human papillomavirus (HPV), con particolare attenzione alle lesioni con potenziale oncologico maligno. Materiali e metodi E stata condotta una revisione sistematica della letteratura finalizzata a descrivere lo stato dell’arte in merito all’infezione da HPV nella mucosa orofaringea e alle relative modalita di trasmissione del virus con particolare riferimento alla possibile contemporanea infezione in sedi anatomiche multiple. Vengono approfonditi gli aspetti riguardanti la prevenzione e il controllo dell’infezione mediante la somministrazione di vaccini e lo svolgimento di campagne cono…
Allogeneic effector/memory Th-1 cells impair FoxP3+ regulatory T lymphocytes and synergize with chaperone-rich cell lysate vaccine to treat leukemia
2011
AbstractTherapeutic strategies combining the induction of effective antitumor immunity with the inhibition of the mechanisms of tumor-induced immunosuppression represent a key objective in cancer immunotherapy. Herein we demonstrate that effector/memory CD4+ T helper-1 (Th-1) lymphocytes, in addition to polarizing type-1 antitumor immune responses, impair tumor-induced CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T lymphocyte (Treg) immunosuppressive function in vitro and in vivo. Th-1 cells also inhibit the generation of FoxP3+ Tregs from naive CD4+CD25−FoxP3− T cells by an interferon-γ–dependent mechanism. In addition, in an aggressive mouse leukemia model (12B1), Th-1 lymphocytes act synergistically with …
Recombinant virus-like particles of a norovirus (genogroup II strain) administered intranasally and orally with mucosal adjuvants LT and LT(R192G) in…
2003
We investigated the immune response induced by mucosal immunization of BALB/c mice with virus-like particles (VLPs) of a genogroup II norovirus, Dijon171/96 virus, produced in the baculovirus system. VLPs administered alone by the intranasal route induced a high serum antibody response as well as fecal IgA, which were enhanced when the heat-labile Escherichia coli toxin or its non toxic mutant LT(R192G) was coadministered. In these conditions, the oral route was also efficient. Cytokine production by cells from different lymphoid tissues was then assessed after in vitro restimulation. A Th1/Th2-like response was observed in cervical lymph node and Peyer's patch (PP) cell cultures from mice …
On Imported and Domestic Human Papillomavirus Vaccines: Cognition, Attitude, and Willingness to Pay in Chinese Medical Students
2022
This study aimed to analyze the cognition, attitude, and willingness to pay (WTP) for imported and domestic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in Chinese medical students.MethodsMedical students in Eastern, Central and Western China were investigated. We used the HPV cognitive list to measure the cognition of participants and implemented contingent valuation method (CVM) to value WTP. Tobit model was used to analyze the factors associated with WTP.ResultsThe participants' average score for the 21 cognitive questions was 13.05 (±5.09). Among the participants, 60.82 and 88.01% reported that they would wish to be vaccinated and support the partners to be vaccinated. In addition, 92.54% (670) …
AISF position paper on liver disease and pregnancy.
2016
Abstract The relationship between liver disease and pregnancy is of great clinical impact. Severe liver disease in pregnancy is rare; however, pregnancy-related liver disease is the most frequent cause of liver dysfunction during pregnancy and represents a severe threat to foetal and maternal survival. A rapid differential diagnosis between liver disease related or unrelated to pregnancy is required in women who present with liver dysfunction during pregnancy. This report summarizes the recommendation of an expert panel established by the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF) on the management of liver disease during pregnancy. The article provides an overview of liver disea…
Evidence of validity and measurement invariance by gender of the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale in Colombian university students
2022
Background: Having a valid tool to assess attitudes toward vaccination and identify the concerns that drive vaccine refusal can facilitate population studies and help guide public health interventions. The objective of this study has been to adapt the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale in Colombian university students and to study its psychometric properties in a non-probabilistic sample of 1074 Colombian university students. Methods: A confirmatory factor analysis was used to study the factorial structure. A structural equation model was tested to study concurrent validity and to check whether the factors predicted having received the coronavirus vaccine. Gender-based measuremen…
Prospective Multinational Study of Pertussis Infection in Hospitalized Infants and Their Household Contacts
2007
Increased incidence of pertussis has been noted among infants too young to be immunized. We studied the disease burden of pertussis in pediatric intensive care units and the source of infection in several Asian, European and Latin American countries.The study was conducted in 7 countries from September 2001 to January 2004. Children1 year of age were enrolled from pediatric intensive care units (PICU) and pediatric wards if they presented with respiratory failure, apnea, bradycardia, or cough accompanied by paroxysms, vomiting, whoop or cyanosis. Household members of pertussis-positive index cases were asked to answer a questionnaire and provide diagnostic specimens.Pertussis was confirmed …
COVID 19 vaccine in the pediatric age: the recommendation of the Italian Pediatric Society
2022
AbstractVaccine is an important and effective tool to protect from preventable infectious diseases. Neverthless, in the COVID-19 pandemic era, scientific and accurate information are required to responde to false and misleading information on efficacy and safety of immunization in the pediatric age.