Search results for " vaccine"

Validation of Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio in a Multi-institutional Cohort of Patients With T1G3 Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer

2018

The aim of this multicenter study was to investigate the prognostic role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and to validate the NLR cutoff of 3 in a large multi-institutional cohort of patients with primary T1 HG/G3 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Spontaneous Remission of Recalcitrant Warts in Girls After Human Papillomavirus Vaccination

2016

Potential impact of a nonavalent anti HPV vaccine in Italian men with and without clinical manifestations

2021

AbstractHuman papilloma virus infection (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease. Little is known about male infection. Nonavalent vaccine against types 6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58 was approved and neutral gender immunization programs have been proposed. This study evaluates the potential impact of nonavalent vaccine compared to quadrivalent in male living in Sicily (Italy). 58.7% of samples were HPV positive and forty-four types of HPV were identified. A significant higher estimated coverage of nonavalent vaccine than quadrivalent was observed (64.3% vs. 45.8%), with absolute and relative additional impact of 20.1% and 47.2%, respectively. Low impact of the vaccine were calculat…

Optimized recombinant dense bodies of human cytomegalovirus efficiently prime virus specific lymphocytes and neutralizing antibodies without the addi…

2010

Control of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection correlates with the reconstitution of antiviral T lymphocytes in haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. A vaccine to foster this reconstitution and to ameliorate the severe consequences of HCMV reactivation is yet unavailable. This work focused on providing a rationale for the amendment of the yields and the antigenic composition of a vaccine, based on subviral dense bodies (DB) of HCMV. Modified DB were generated that contained the HLA-A2 presented IE1 model peptide TMYGGISLL, integrated at different positions in the major DB protein pp65. Insertion at position W175 of pp65 allowed efficient formation of recDB in the cytoplasm of i…

Cytomegalovirus and varicella–zoster virus vaccines in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

2009

Impairment of cellular immunity upon hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may lead to serious clinical manifestations induced by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections. Although the clinical presentations, preferential organ involvement and clinical courses are different, infections with both herpesviruses are similar with respect to many pathophysiological aspects and the therapeutic strategies that are employed to combat them. Antiviral drug prophylaxis and therapy are successfully used to limit the risk of reactivated HCMV and VZV infections, but are unable to absolutely prevent episodes of virus disease in long-term follow-up after HSCT. Contr…

Development of novel vaccine strategies against human cytomegalovirus infection based on subviral particles.

2002

Abstract Background: Pre- and perinatal human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection remains one of the major causes of mental defects and sensineural hearing loss in children. In addition, it is a prominent infectious complication in immunosuppressed individuals such as AIDS patients or transplant recipients. Therefore, the development of an HCMV vaccine has been given top priority by health care institutions. Study design: Defective subviral particles of HCMV, termed Dense Bodies (DB) contain the dominant target antigens for humoral and cellular immune responses elicited during natural infection. These enveloped particles are released from infected culture cells and can be purified by gradient …

VACCINATION AND IMMUNIZATION STATUS AGAINST VACCINE-PREVENTABLE DISEASES IN AN ITALIAN SAMPLE OF HEALTH-CARE WORKERS OPERATING IN GYNAECOLOGY AND OBS…

2018

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are an important group of professionals exposed to infectious diseases transmitted through several ways. Nevertheless, vaccination coverages of HCWs are often lower than standards recommended by international Public Health authorities. Recently, the Italian Ministry of Health has issued the guidelines for recommended vaccination during pregnancy, child-bearing age and feeding-time. This study aimed at investigating knowledge, attitudes, practices and immunization status in a sample of Italian HCWs employed in gynaecology and obstetrics departments. A survey was conducted between November 2017 and February 2018 throughout an online self-administered questionnaire, p…

Nasal immunization of mice with a rotavirus DNA vaccine that induces protective intestinal IgA antibodies

2004

International audience; DNA vaccination using a plasmid encoding the rotavirus inner capsid VP6 has been explored in the mouse model of rotavirus infection. BALB/c mice were immunized with a VP6 DNA vaccine by the intramuscular, nasal and oral routes. VP6 DNA vaccination by the nasal and oral routes induced the production of anti-VP6 IgA antibodies by intestinal lymphoid cells. Intramuscular DNA injection stimulated the production of serum anti-VP6 IgG but not serum anti-VP6 IgA antibodies. Protection against shedding of rotaviruses in stools after oral challenge with the murine EDIM rotavirus strain was investigated in the immunized mice. A significant reduction in the level of rotavirus a…

Review of 8 years of experience with Infanrix hexa (DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib hexavalent vaccine).

2009

Combination vaccines that include multiple antigens within one formulation are now widely accepted as an effective means of eliciting protection against several diseases at the same time. Owing to improvements in quality and convenient modes of administration, they have become part of routine pediatric practice. Hexavalent vaccines, including diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, polio and Haemophilus influenzae type b antigens represent the latest advance in the development of combination vaccines. Over 8 years since its first licensure, this review looks at the immunogenicity, efficacy and safety profile of the only hexavalent pediatric vaccine currently in use--Infanrix hexa (diph…

Real-world impact of rotavirus vaccination in European healthcare settings: a systematic literature review

2022

INTRODUCTION: Rotavirus is one of the most common pathogens causing diarrhea in children <5 years and has a major impact on childhood morbidity and mortality. Since the implementation of rotavirus vaccines into childhood immunization programs across Europe, there has been a reduction in rotavirus burden, including hospitalizations, outpatient cases, costs, and deaths. AREAS COVERED: A systematic literature review identified publications describing the clinical and economic impact of rotavirus vaccinations across Europe, from their introduction in 2006 to the end of 2020. A total of 3,137 articles were identified, of which 46 were included in the review. Included articles reported the impact…