Search results for "ètica"

showing 10 items of 343 documents

CO rebinding kinetics and molecular dynamics simulations highlight dynamic regulation of internal cavities in human cytoglobin

2013

Abstract: Cytoglobin (Cygb) was recently discovered in the human genome and localized in different tissues. It was suggested to play tissue-specific protective roles, spanning from scavenging of reactive oxygen species in neurons to supplying oxygen to enzymes in fibroblasts. To shed light on the functioning of such versatile machinery, we have studied the processes supporting transport of gaseous heme ligands in Cygb. Carbon monoxide rebinding shows a complex kinetic pattern with several distinct reaction intermediates, reflecting rebinding from temporary docking sites, second order recombination, and formation (and dissociation) of a bis-histidyl heme hexacoordinated reaction intermediate…

Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)ProteomicsProtein FoldingProtein ConformationMolecular biologylcsh:MedicineCrystallography X-RayLigandsBiophysics SimulationsBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundProtein structureMacromolecular Structure AnalysisCinètica enzimàticaBinding Sites; Carbon Monoxide; Crystallography X-Ray; Globins; Humans; Kinetics; Ligands; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Oxygenases; Point Mutation; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Medicine (all); Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)Biomacromolecule-Ligand Interactionslcsh:ScienceHemeCarbon MonoxideCrystallographyHemoproteinsMultidisciplinaryMedicine (all)PhysicsCytoglobinMetabolismeGlobinsBiochemistryOxygenasesddc:500Engineering sciences. TechnologyProtein BindingResearch ArticleBioquímicaProtein StructureBiophysicsReaction intermediateMolecular Dynamics SimulationProtein ChemistryGeneticsHumansPoint MutationGlobinProtein InteractionsBiologyBiologia molecularBinding SitesLigandCytoglobinlcsh:REnzyme kineticsOxygen transportProteinsComputational BiologyKineticsMetabolismAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)chemistryX-RayBiophysicslcsh:QHuman medicineGenèticaCarbon monoxide
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A genome-wide view of Caenorhabditis elegans base-substitution mutation processes

2009

Knowledge of mutation processes is central to understanding virtually all evolutionary phenomena and the underlying nature of genetic disorders and cancers. However, the limitations of standard molecular mutation detection methods have historically precluded a genome-wide understanding of mutation rates and spectra in the nuclear genomes of multicellular organisms. We applied two high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies to identify and characterize hundreds of spontaneously arising base-substitution mutations in 10 Caenorhabditis elegans mutation-accumulation (MA)-line nuclear genomes. C. elegans mutation rate estimates were similar to previous calculations based on smaller numbers of m…

GeneticsGenome HelminthMutation rateMultidisciplinaryPoint mutationGenetic VariationHelminth geneticsSequence Analysis DNABiological SciencesDNA HelminthBiologyMutation AccumulationBackground selectionPolymorphism Single NucleotideGenomeGenètica molecularGenetic hitchhikingSpecies SpecificityMutation (genetic algorithm)AnimalsPoint MutationCaenorhabditis elegansGenome-Wide Association Study
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Genomics and the gene transcription kinetics in yeast.

2007

As an adaptive response to new conditions, mRNA concentrations in eukaryotes are readjusted after any environmental change. Although mRNA concentrations can be modified by altering synthesis and/or degradation rates, the rapidity of the transition to a new concentration depends on the regulation of mRNA stability. There are several plausible transcriptional strategies following environmental change, reflecting different degrees of compromise between speed of response and cost of synthesis. The recent development of genomic techniques now enables researchers to determine simultaneously (either directly or indirectly) the transcription rates and mRNA half-lifes, together with mRNA concentrati…

GeneticsMessenger RNAbiologyModels GeneticTranscription GeneticKineticsGene ExpressionGenomicsAdaptive responseGenomicsSaccharomyces cerevisiaebiology.organism_classificationSaccharomycesYeastCell biologyKineticsSaccharomycesGenòmicaTranscripció genèticaTranscription (biology)GeneticsRNA MessengerGeneForecasting
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Consenso Delphi de las recomendaciones para el tratamiento de los pacientes con atrofia muscular espinal en España (consenso RET-AME)

2021

Resumen Introduccion La atrofia muscular espinal (AME) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa, causada por una mutacion bialelica del gen 5q SMN1, que afecta predominantemente a las neuronas motoras del asta anterior medular causando una progresiva debilidad y atrofia muscular. La aparicion de tratamientos modificadores del curso de la enfermedad esta cambiando considerablemente la historia natural de la AME, pero existe todavia incertidumbre sobre que pacientes se pueden beneficiar de estos tratamientos y como se deberia medir ese beneficio. Metodologia Un grupo de expertos especialistas en neurologia, neuropediatria y rehabilitacion, y de la asociacion de pacientes con AME de Espana, analiza…

GeneticsMuscular atrophyNeurology (clinical)Atròfia muscularGenèticaNeurología
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Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Similarities and Dissimilarities in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Wine Strains Response to Nitrogen Availabili…

2015

Nitrogen levels in grape-juices are of major importance in winemaking ensuring adequate yeast growth and fermentation performance. Here we used a comparative transcriptome analysis to uncover wine yeasts responses to nitrogen availability during fermentation. Gene expression was assessed in three genetically and phenotypically divergent commercial wine strains (CEG, VL1 and QA23), under low (67 mg/L) and high nitrogen (670 mg/L) regimes, at three time points during fermentation (12 h, 24 h and 96 h). Two-way ANOVA analysis of each fermentation condition led to the identification of genes whose expression was dependent on strain, fermentation stage and on the interaction of both factors. The…

GenotypeNitrogenScienceSaccharomyces cerevisiaeDown-RegulationIndustrial fermentationWineSaccharomyces cerevisiaePolymerase Chain Reaction03 medical and health sciencesTranscripció genèticaCluster AnalysisDNA FungalNitrogen cycle030304 developmental biologyWinemaking2. Zero hungerWine0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinarybiology030306 microbiologyGene Expression ProfilingQRfood and beveragesbiology.organism_classificationYeastUp-RegulationGene expression profilingPhenotypeBiochemistryFermentationMedicineFermentationTranscriptomeResearch ArticlePLoS ONE
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Population genetic analysis of bi-allelic structural variants from low-coverage sequence data with an expectation-maximization algorithm

2014

Background Population genetics and association studies usually rely on a set of known variable sites that are then genotyped in subsequent samples, because it is easier to genotype than to discover the variation. This is also true for structural variation detected from sequence data. However, the genotypes at known variable sites can only be inferred with uncertainty from low coverage data. Thus, statistical approaches that infer genotype likelihoods, test hypotheses, and estimate population parameters without requiring accurate genotypes are becoming popular. Unfortunately, the current implementations of these methods are intended to analyse only single nucleotide and short indel variation…

GenotypingGenotypePopulation geneticsPopulationPopulation geneticsBiologyBiochemistryReference biasStructural variation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStructural BiologyGenotypeStatisticsHumans1000 Genomes ProjecteducationMolecular BiologyAlleles030304 developmental biologySampling biasGenetic associationGeneticsLikelihood Functions0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyGenomePolymorphism GeneticGenètica de poblacionsApplied MathematicsHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingGenomicsComputer Science ApplicationsGenotype frequencyGenetics PopulationStructural variationSoftwareAlgorithms030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMaximum likelihood
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Sistemas dopaminérgicos en el telencéfalo del ratón: Papel en el procesamiento de estímulos reforzantes naturales

2009

El refuerzo es un proceso psicológico complejo mediante el cual los animales modifican su comportamiento frente situaciones que les resultan ventajosas. Durante años se ha postulado que la dopamina (DA) liberada en el núcleo accumbens por neuronas tegmentales era el agente causal del refuerzo. Sin embargo, esta hipótesis es cada día más cuestionada y el refuerzo se subdivide en diversos procesos, sólo algunos de los cuales están relacionados con la DA. Utilizando el ratón como especie experimental, nos planteamos como objetivo comparar el papel de la DA en el refuerzo inducido por dos estímulos naturales diferentes. Utilizamos un reforzante ampliamente descrito, la sacarosa, frente un estím…

Genètica general. Citogenètica general. Immunogenètica. Evolució. Filogènia575
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Análisis de las interacciones moleculares de la toxina Cry3Aa de Bacillus thuringiensis en la membrana del epitelio intestinal de Leptinotarsa deceml…

2011

Leptinotarsa decemlineata (escarabajo de la patata) es el insecto defoliador de patata de mayor importancia económica a nivel mundial, que también puede atacar otras plantas de interés económico como berenjena y tomate, y que ha desarrollado resistencia frente a un gran número de los insecticidas químicos utilizados para combatirlo. Las toxinas Cry de Bacillus thuringiensis, las cuales son altamente específicas para sus dianas e inocuas para los vertebrados, la gran mayoría de los invertebrados y las plantas, constituyen una herramienta de gran valor para el control de esta plaga, sin provocar efectos perjudiciales sobre el medio ambiente. En el presente trabajo hemos profundizado en el est…

Genètica general. Citogenètica general. Immunogenètica. Evolució. Filogènia575
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A propósito de la inalterabilidad e intangibilidad del patrimonio genético humano como bien digno de protección penal

2019

En el presente estudio se efectúa una reflexión sobre el delito de manipulación genética contemplado en el artículo 159 del Código penal, precepto cuya concreta regulación despierta numerosas objeciones, especialmente en atención al bien jurídico de carácter colectivo que protege, como es la identidad genética, cuestionándose si esta conducta en particular encontraría mejor acomodo en la legislación administrativa. This paper makes a reflection on the crime of genetic manipulation contemplated in Article 159 of the Criminal Code, a provision whose specific regulation raises many objections, especially in attention to the collective legal right that protects, such as genetic identity, questi…

Genètica humana Aspectes ètics i moralsK201-487Jurisprudence. Philosophy and theory of lawDret penal
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La generalización de los test genéticos y su incidencia en los derechos fundamentales

2017

Los avances científicos en el ámbito de la Genética hacen cada vez más fiables, útiles y económicamente asequibles los test genéticos. Por ello, un creciente número de personas se someten a estos test, muchos de los cuales son ofrecidos por empresas a través de Internet. Las pruebas genéticas no se limitan ya al ámbito estrictamente clínico, de investigación o forense, sino que son empleadas en otros contextos privados, como el dietético, el farmacéutico o el familiar. En este contexto, el presente artículo analiza sistemáticamente cómo los test genéticos pueden afectar a los derechos fundamentales, presentando los principales debates jurídicos que dichas pruebas genéticas han suscitado en …

Genètica humanaDrets humansConsum (Economia)
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