Search results for "AIC"
showing 10 items of 2470 documents
Familial ring (18) mosaicism in a 23-year-old young adult with 46,XY,r(18) (::p11→q21::)/46,XY karyotype, intellectual disability, motor retardation …
2010
We report on a 23-year-old man with craniofacial findings of the holoprosencephaly spectrum disorder (microcephaly, hypotelorism, depressed nasal bridge, single median maxillary central incisor), fusion of C2-C3 vertebrae, intellectual disability, and severe sleep apnea. Chromosome analysis of blood lymphocytes showed 75% ring (18) cells and 25% normal cells, karyotype mos 46,XY,r(18)(::p11→q21::)[75]/46,XY[25]. His mother was phenotypically normal except for a double ureter and bifid renal pelvis as in his son. She had a supernumerary ring (18) in 10% of blood lymphocytes, karyotype mos 47,XX,+r(18)(::p11→q21::)[10]/46,XX[90]. Familial ring (18) is a rare cytogenetic abnormality. This is t…
Roles of capsaicin-insensitive nociceptors in cutaneous pain and secondary hyperalgesia.
2001
Polymodal nociceptors respond to mechanical, thermal and chemical stimuli. Whereas sensitivities to heat and to the irritant substance capsaicin have recently been linked via the properties of the vanilloid receptor type 1 receptor ion channel, sensitivity to noxious mechanical stimuli such as the pinpricks used in clinical neurology seems to be unrelated. We investigated the peripheral neural basis of pinprick pain using quantitative psychophysical techniques combined with selective conduction block by nerve compression and selective desensitization by topical capsaicin treatment. Complete A-fibre block by compression of the superficial radial nerve (criterion: loss of first pain sensation…
The efficacy of acupuncture in human pain models: A randomized, controlled, double-blinded study
2012
Acupuncture is frequently used to treat pain, although data supporting the analgesic efficacy from placebo-controlled studies is sparse. In order to get evidence for acupuncture analgesia we performed a study with 2 well-recognized experimental human pain models - the cold-pressor (CP) test and intradermal capsaicin injection. Fifty healthy men were included. Our study compared Traditional Chinese Medicine-based acupuncture to sham acupuncture with Streitberger placebo needles in a randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial. The primary endpoint was the reduction of mean pain intensity during 3minutes of CP test or of mean pain intensity within 10minutes after capsaicin injection. Seconda…
Seroprevalence of Aichi Virus in a Spanish Population from 2007 to 2008
2010
ABSTRACT Viruses are among the most common causes of acute gastroenteritis. In recent years, new viruses causing outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis have been described. Among these, Aichi virus was identified in Japan in 1989. Aichi virus belongs to the Kobuvirus genus in the family Picornaviridae . This virus has been detected in outbreaks of gastroenteritis associated with oyster consumption and in pediatric stool samples, but little is known about its epidemiology or pathogenesis. In the present study, the prevalence of antibodies to Aichi virus in a Spanish population was determined between 2007 and 2008 by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). As in previous studies, a hi…
A two base pair deletion in the PQBP1 gene is associated with microphthalmia, microcephaly, and mental retardation.
2007
X-linked mental retardation has been traditionally divided into syndromic (S-XLMR) and non-syndromic forms (NS-XLMR), although the borderlines between these phenotypes begin to vanish and mutations in a single gene, for example PQBP1, can cause S-XLMR as well as NS-XLMR. Here, we report two maternal cousins with an apparently X-linked phenotype of mental retardation (MR), microphthalmia, choroid coloboma, microcephaly, renal hypoplasia, and spastic paraplegia. By multipoint linkage analysis with markers spanning the entire X-chromosome we mapped the disease locus to a 28-Mb interval between Xp11.4 and Xq12, including the BCOR gene. A missense mutation in BCOR was described in a family with …
Differential effect of Incobotulinumtoxin A on pain, neurogenic flare and hyperalgesia in human surrogate models of neurogenic pain
2017
Background: The effectiveness of Botulinum-neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) to treat pain in human pain models is very divergent. This study was conducted to clarify if the pain models or the route of BoNT/A application might be responsible for these divergent findings. Methods: Sixteen healthy subjects (8 males, mean age 27 ± 5 years) were included in a first set of experiments consisting of three visits: (1) Visit: Quantitative sensory testing (QST) was performed before and after intradermal capsaicin injection (CAPS, 15 μg) on one thigh and electrical current stimulation (ES, 1 Hz) on the contralateral thigh. During stimulation pain and the neurogenic flare response (laser-Doppler imaging) were ass…
Secondary hyperalgesia and perceptual wind-up following intradermal injection of capsaicin in humans.
1998
Wind-up and secondary hyperalgesia both are related to central sensitization, but whereas the former is explained by homosynaptic facilitation, the latter is due to heterosynaptic facilitation. To investigate possible interactions between both types of facilitation, we tested for alterations of perceptual wind-up in the secondary hyperalgesic skin zone adjacent to a capsaicin injection with light touch (by a cotton wisp) and punctate stimuli (calibrated von Frey hairs and pin pricks). Temporal summation of pain sensation (perceptual wind-up) was only observed with a clearly noxious stimulus (pin prick) presented at a repetition frequency of 0.6 s(-1), but not 0.2 s(-1). Pain ratings to trai…
Neurogenic hyperalgesia versus painful hypoalgesia: two distinct mechanisms of neuropathic pain
2002
Patients with sensory disturbances of painful and non-painful character show distinct changes in touch and/or pain sensitivity. The patterns of sensory changes were compared to those of human surrogate models of neuropathic pain to assess the underlying mechanisms. We investigated 30 consecutive in-patients with dysaesthesia of various origins (peripheral, spinal, and brainstem lesions) and 15 healthy subjects. Tactile thresholds were determined with calibrated von Frey hairs (1.1mm). Thresholds and stimulus-response functions for pricking pain were determined with a series of calibrated punctate mechanical stimulators (0.2mm). Allodynia was tested by light stroking with a brush, Q-tip, and…
Numbness in clinical and experimental pain – A cross-sectional study exploring the mechanisms of reduced tactile function
2008
Pain patients often report distinct numbness of the painful skin although no structural peripheral or central nerve lesion is obvious. In this cross-sectional study we assessed the reduction of tactile function and studied underlying mechanisms in patients with chronic pain and in healthy participants exposed to phasic and tonic experimental nociceptive stimulation. Mechanical detection (MDT) and pain thresholds (MPT) were assessed in the painful area and the non-painful contralateral side in 10 patients with unilateral musculoskeletal pain. Additionally, 10 healthy participants were exposed to nociceptive stimulation applied to the volar forearms (capsaicin; electrical stimulation, twice e…
Persistent antinociception through repeated self-injury in patients with borderline personality disorder.
2012
Abstract Patients with borderline personality disorder, mostly female, exhibit severe autoaggressive behavior, namely an intentionally performed, nonsuicidal self-injury and severe blunting of pain perception, the mechanism of which is hitherto not understood. Because the nociceptive system displays a high degree of plasticity, the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of pain perception to self-injurious behavior. Pain perception of mechanical and chemical noxious stimuli was studied by quantitative sensory testing in 22 patients (15 female, 7 male) with borderline personality disorder (BPD) according to DSM-IV and 22 age- and gender-matched controls. BPD patients exhibited a s…