Search results for "Analysis of variance."
showing 10 items of 1183 documents
Acute hormonal responses to submaximal and maximal heavy resistance and explosive exercises in men and women.
2005
The purpose of this study was to examine acute hormonal and neuromuscular responses in men and women to 3 heavy resistance but clearly different exercise protocols: (a) submaximal heavy resistance exercise (SME), (b) maximal heavy resistance exercise (HRE), and (c) maximal explosive resistance exercise (EE). HRE included 5 sets of 10 repetition maximum (10RM) situps, bench press, and bilateral leg extensions (David 210 machine) with a 2-minute recovery between the sets. In SME, the load was 70%, and in EE, the load was 40% from that used in HRE. A significant increase (p , 0.05) in serum growth hormone (GH) was observed after HRE both in men and women, but the increase was greater (p < 0.05…
Electroencephalographic alpha activity modulations induced by breath-holding in apnoea divers and non-divers.
2017
Little is known regarding cortical responses to sustained breath-holding (BH) in expert apnoea divers. The present study therefore investigated electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha activity and asymmetries in apnoea divers (experts) compared to non-divers (novices). EEG of 10 apnoea and 10 non-divers were recorded in the laboratory for either four minutes or for two minutes of BH. Alpha activity and alpha asymmetry (i.e. hemispherical EEG differences) were calculated and compared between expertise level and BH duration. Alpha amplitude in experts significantly decreased at four minutes of BH compared to resting activity, while alpha amplitude significantly decreased in novices only at centro…
Corneal Thickness Response after Anesthetic Eye Drops: Our Own Results and Meta-Analysis.
2017
We aimed to test if there are different patterns in the central corneal thickness (CCT) response after instilling oxybuprocaine anesthetic eye drops and also to determine whether there is a significant change in the CCT. CCT was measured in 60 eyes of 60 healthy subjects before and during the hour after oxybuprocaine 0.4% eye drops were instilled. In addition, a systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out in order to answer the following PICO (patient, intervention, comparison, and outcome) question: What effect do anesthetic eye drops have on CCT values? We found no significant changes in the mean CCT values during the hour’s observation (ANOVA, p=0.209), and the meta-analysis rev…
Multisectorial changes in the ciliary muscle during accommodation measured with high-resolution optical coherence tomography
2019
ABSTRACT Purpose: To measure changes in the anterior ciliary muscle during accommodation at the nasal, superior, temporal, and inferior sectors by means of an anterior chamber optical coherence tomographer, and correlate them with vergence changes. Methods: Twenty-four subjects with healthy, phakic eyes, whose mean age was 27.1 ± 8.9 years, underwent measurement with an anterior chamber optical coherence tomographer. The anterior ciliary muscle was measured at the nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior sectors for 0, -1, -2, and -3 D of vergence. A linear model was used to assess the correlation of each eye parameter with the accommodative demand. Results: The anterior ciliary muscle area …
Effects of power training on muscle structure and neuromuscular performance
2005
The present study examines changes in muscle structure and neuromuscular performance induced by 15 weeks of power training with explosive muscle actions. Twenty-three subjects, including 10 controls, volunteered for the study. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the gastrocnemius muscle before and after the training period, while maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVC) and drop jump tests were performed once every fifth week. No statistically significant improvements in MVC of the knee extensor (KE) and plantarflexor muscles were observed during the training period. However, the maximal rate of force development (RFD) of KE increased from 18,836+/-4282 to 25,443+/-8897 N (P0.05) durin…
Do patients with bipolar disorder and subsyndromal symptoms benefit from functional remediation? A 12-month follow-up study
2016
We analyzed the efficacy of functional remediation, in a sample of patients with bipolar disorder who presented with subsyndromal symptoms. From a total sample of 239 patients with bipolar I and II disorder, according to DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria, entering a randomized clinical trial, those patients who presented with subsyndromal symptoms were selected based on a method already described by Berk and colleagues was applied. It consists of using the Clinical Global Impression-Bipolar version (CGI-BP) to establish the scores of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and of the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) that correspond with 1 in the CGI-BP. Functional outcome and mood symptoms …
Dose-dependent effects of decaffeinated coffee on endothelial function in healthy subjects
2009
ackground/Objectives: Coffee is known to contain antioxidant substances whose effects may be blunted because of caffeine that may unfavorably affect the cardiovascular system. This study was designed to investigate the acute dose-dependent effects of decaffeinated coffee (DC) on endothelial function measured by the brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Subjects/Methods: A total of 15 (8 men and 7 women) healthy nonobese subjects underwent a single-blind, crossover study. Subjects ingested one and two cups of decaffeinated Italian espresso coffee in random order at 5- to 7-day intervals. Results: In the hour following the ingestion of two cups of DC, FMD increased (mean±s.e.m.): 0 mi…
Qualitative different memory impairments across frontal lobe subgroups
2006
Recall impairments in patients with lesions to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) have variously been attributed to problems with organisation at encoding, organisation at retrieval and monitoring at retrieval. Neuroimaging and recent theoretical work has associated the left lateral PFC with organisation and strategy production at encoding, and the right lateral PFC with organisation, error detection and monitoring at retrieval. However few lesion studies have been anatomically specific enough to test the direct predictions made by this work. Proactive interference, response to prompting, monitoring and organisational strategies were examined in 34 patients with frontal lobe lesions and 50 healthy…
Cerebellar Contribution to Mental Rotation: a cTBS Study
2013
A cerebellar role in spatial information processing has been advanced even in the absence of physical manipulation, as occurring in mental rotation. The present study was aimed at investigating the specific involvement of left and right cerebellar hemispheres in two tasks of mental rotation. We used continuous theta burst stimulation to downregulate cerebellar hemisphere excitability in healthy adult subjects performing two mental rotation tasks: an Embodied Mental Rotation (EMR) task, entailing an egocentric strategy, and an Abstract Mental Rotation (AMR) task entailing an allocentric strategy. Following downregulation of left cerebellar hemisphere, reaction times were slower in comparison…
Effects of cerebellar TMS on motor cortex of patient with focal dystonia: a preliminary report
2008
Recent evidence suggests a role for cerebellum in pathophysiology of dystonia. Here we explored, the cerebellar modulation of motor cortex in patients with focal upper limb dystonia. Eight patients and eight controls underwent a transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol to study the cerebellar-brain-inhibition (CBI): a conditioning cerebellar stimulus (CCS) was followed 5 ms after by the contralateral motor cortex stimulation (test stimulus: TS). We explored the effects of CBI on MEP amplitude, short intracortical inhibition (SICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) measures. At baseline no differences in TS-MEP amplitude, SICI or ICF were found between patients and controls. Cerebellar-…