Search results for "Blood"
showing 10 items of 5199 documents
Within-visit BP variability, cardiovascular risk factors, and BP control in central and eastern Europe: findings from the BP-CARE study.
2015
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Blood pressure variability (BPV) within 24 h or between visits has been found to represent an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The present study was aimed at determining whether a clinical significance can be given also to the BP variations occurring within a single clinical visit. METHODS BPV was quantified as coefficient of variation and as standard deviation (SD) of the mean of three systolic SBP values within a visit in the context of a large-cross subclinical survey (BP-CARE) of treated hypertensive patients living in Eastern European countries. The study population was divided into coefficient of variation and SD quartiles and for each qua…
Cationic amino acid transport across the blood-brain barrier is mediated exclusively by system y+.
2006
Cationic amino acid (CAA) transport is brought about by two families of proteins that are found in various tissues: Cat (CAA transporter), referred to as system y+, and Bat [broad-scope amino acid (AA) transporter], which comprises systems b0,+, B0,+, and y+L. CAA traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB), but experiments done in vivo have only been able to examine the BBB from the luminal (blood-facing) side. In the present study, plasma membranes isolated from bovine brain microvessels were used to identify and characterize the CAA transporter(s) on both sides of the BBB. From these studies, it was concluded that system y+was the only transporter present, with a prevalence of activity on the…
Effects of pathogen reduction systems on platelet microRNAs, mRNAs, activation, and function
2014
Pathogen reduction (PR) systems for platelets, based on chemically induced cross-linking and inactivation of nucleic acids, potentially prevent transfusion transmission of infectious agents, but can increase clinically significant bleeding in some clinical studies. Here, we documented the effects of PR systems on microRNA and mRNA levels of platelets stored in the blood bank, and assessed their impact on platelet activation and function. Unlike platelets subjected to gamma irradiation or stored in additive solution, platelets treated with Intercept (amotosalen + ultraviolet-A [UVA] light) exhibited significantly reduced levels of 6 of the 11 microRNAs, and 2 of the 3 anti-apoptotic mRNAs (B…
Cellular Prion Protein Participates in Amyloid-β Transcytosis across the Blood—Brain Barrier
2012
The blood—brain barrier (BBB) facilitates amyloid-β (Aβ) exchange between the blood and the brain. Here, we found that the cellular prion protein (PrPc), a putative receptor implicated in mediating Aβ neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD), participates in Aβ transcytosis across the BBB. Using an in vitro BBB model, [125I]-Aβ1–40 transcytosis was reduced by genetic knockout of PrPc or after addition of a competing PrPc-specific antibody. Furthermore, we provide evidence that PrPc is expressed in endothelial cells and, that monomeric Aβ1–40 binds to PrPc. These observations provide new mechanistic insights into the role of PrPc in AD.
Oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s Disease: Implications for Prevention and Therapy
2006
Oxidative stress is a marker of neurodegeneration and has been recently shown to be also involved in the early stages of the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders. In general, all biomolecules of the cell can be oxidized and thereby damaged. Consequently, the concept of neuroprotection by antioxidants has been developed. In many cases the direct scavanging of free radicals have been used as a strategy to prevent oxidative stress damage and a variety of physiological and synthetic antioxidant molecules have been identified and synthesized including the female sex homone estrogen. In Alzheimer’s Disease amyloid-β protein on its way to brain deposition can also induce oxidative c…
A preliminary study on the stability of benzodiazepines in blood and plasma stored at 4 degrees C.
1997
An approach to determine the stability of benzodiazepines and some of their metabolites (n = 13) by means of a routinely applied gas chromatographic method using electron capture detection was made in this preliminary study. Validation data of the method are given. Spiked blood and plasma samples were stored at 4 degrees C and analysed at selected times up to 240 days. The concentrations of all analytes had decreased to at least 60% of the original levels at the end of the observation period. A clear pattern of breakdown could not be established. The data obtained suggest that results from long-term stored samples should be interpreted cautiously. Further investigations concerning the stabi…
Materials and methods of signal enhancement for spectroscopic whole blood analysis: Novel research overview
2017
Abstract The early diagnosis of diseases is crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality and also for improving the quality of treatment process. Among various biological samples used to follow up the concentrations of disease markers, whole blood sensing can efficiently decrease analysis time by means of introducing methods with no pretreatment. In addition, the direct detection of markers in whole blood facilitates testing procedure and minimize the possibility of the loss of analytes in the process. Therefore, the assay of unprocessed whole blood is becoming increasingly important in clinical diagnostics and biomedical research. Incorporation of new advanced materials plays a major role …
One-Pot Analysis: a New Integrated Methodology for Determination of TAG and FA Determination through LC/MS and in-silico Saponification
2017
Vegetable oils differ significantly for their lipid profile and are mainly constituted by triacylglycerols (TAGs). These are esters formed bonding glycerol to three fatty acids (FAs). To the best of our knowledge, FA and TAG profiles in oils and fats are obtained using at least two different experimental techniques. In particular, FA determination requires elaborated procedures for sample preparation and analyte derivatization. In this work, we propose a one-pot analysis able to determine both TAG and FA contents of edible oils, using experimental data obtained from a simple liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry determination of TAGs. This experimental procedure is followed by an in silic…
Transmembrane electrochemistry of erythrocytes: Direct electrochemical test for detecting hemolysis in whole blood
2016
A rapid method for detecting hemolysis in whole blood based on a direct electrochemical assay either in venous blood and finger blood, respectively at glassy carbon and screen-printed graphite electrodes is described. The presence of hemolysis is detected from characteristic voltammetric signatures associated to Fe-heme units in healthy and hemolyzed erythrocytes. The voltammetric response of blood was also investigated using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and involved transmembrane electrochemistry of erythrocytes superimposed to molecular electrochemistry of heme-containing proteins and heme fragments in the plasma. Voltammetric testing …
Optimization of selenium determination in human milk and whole blood by flow injection hydride atomic absorption spectrometry.
1998
abstract A flow injection hydride atomic absorption spectrometry (FI-HAAS) method was developed for determining selenium in human milk and whole blood after microwave digestion of the sample. The sample (2 mL human milk or 0.25 mL blood) was introduced into the microwave vessel with 1.5 mL HN03 and 0.25 mL H202 and 300 W (4 min) and 600 W (4 min) were applied. The digestion was completed by heating to 140 C (2-3 h). Se (VI) was reduced to Se (IV) with hydrochloric acid. The instrumental conditions for FI-HAAS (concentrations of reducing agent and carrier acid, flow rate of argon carrier gas, and sample volume injected) were optimized. The detection limit of the proposed method was 0.23 ng/m…