Search results for "CTD"

showing 10 items of 101 documents

Correcting for Potential Barriers in Quantum Walk Search

2015

A randomly walking quantum particle searches in Grover's $\Theta(\sqrt{N})$ iterations for a marked vertex on the complete graph of $N$ vertices by repeatedly querying an oracle that flips the amplitude at the marked vertex, scattering by a "coin" flip, and hopping. Physically, however, potential energy barriers can hinder the hop and cause the search to fail, even when the amplitude of not hopping decreases with $N$. We correct for these errors by interpreting the quantum walk search as an amplitude amplification algorithm and modifying the phases applied by the coin flip and oracle such that the amplification recovers the $\Theta(\sqrt{N})$ runtime.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsQuantum PhysicsTheoryofComputation_COMPUTATIONBYABSTRACTDEVICESComplete graphGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesTheoryofComputation_GENERALStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsOracleTheoretical Computer ScienceVertex (geometry)CombinatoricsAmplitudeComputational Theory and MathematicsAmplitude amplificationTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYGrover's algorithmQuantum algorithmQuantum walkQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Mathematical PhysicsMathematicsMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICS
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First spatial isotopic separation of relativistic uranium projectile fragments

1994

Abstract Spatial isotopic separation of relativistic uranium projectile fragments has been achieved for the first time. The fragments were produced in peripheral nuclear collisions and spatially separated in-flight with the fragment separator FRS at GSI. A two-fold magnetic-rigidity analysis was applied exploiting the atomic energy loss in specially shaped matter placed in the dispersive central focal plane. Systematic investigations with relativistic projectiles ranging from oxygen up to uranium demonstrate that the FRS is a universal and powerful facility for the production and in-flight separation of monoisotopic, exotic secondary beams of all elements up to Z = 92. This achievement has …

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsTheoryofComputation_COMPUTATIONBYABSTRACTDEVICES010308 nuclear & particles physicsChemistryProjectileNuclear TheoryTheoryofComputation_GENERALSeparator (oil production)chemistry.chemical_element[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]UraniumAccelerators and Storage RingsComputingMethodologies_ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCE01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONCardinal point0103 physical sciencesMonoisotopic massAtomic physicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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R-Score: A New Parameter to Assess the Quality of Variants’ Calls Assessed by NGS Using Liquid Biopsies

2021

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled a deeper knowledge of the molecular landscape in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), identifying a growing number of targetable molecular alterations in key genes. However, NGS profiling of liquid biopsies risk for false positive and false negative calls and parameters assessing the quality of NGS calls remains lacking. In this study, we have evaluated the positive percent agreement (PPA) between NGS and digital PCR calls when assessing EGFR mutation status using 85 plasma samples from 82 EGFR-positive NSCLC patients. According to our data, variant allele fraction (VAF) was significantly lower in discordant calls and the median of the absolute va…

Oncologymedicine.medical_specialtyKey genesQH301-705.5BiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicineDigital polymerase chain reactionBiology (General)Liquid biopsy030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyPlasma samplesliquid biopsyvariant callingVariant allelectDNArespiratory systemfiltering3. Good healthEgfr mutation030220 oncology & carcinogenesisNGSVAFNon small cellLinear correlationGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesBiology
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Detection of TP53 and PIK3CA Mutations in Circulating Tumor DNA Using Next-Generation Sequencing in the Screening Process for Early Breast Cancer Dia…

2019

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a non-invasive &ldquo

Oncologymedicine.medical_specialtymolecular profilinglcsh:MedicineDNA sequencing03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBreast cancerbreast cancerInternal medicinemedicineMammographyLiquid biopsycirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA)GeneLymph node030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesmedicine.diagnostic_testliquid biopsybusiness.industrylcsh:RGeneral MedicineAmpliconmedicine.diseasemedicine.anatomical_structure030220 oncology & carcinogenesisImmunohistochemistrybusinessearly-stage cancer
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Non-Markovian dynamics and steady-state entanglement of cavity arrays in finite-bandwidth squeezed reservoirs

2014

When two chains of quantum systems are driven at their ends by a two-mode squeezed reservoir, they approach a steady state characterized by the formation of many entangled pairs. Each pair is made of one element of the first and one of the second chain. This effect has been already predicted under the assumption of broadband squeezing. Here we investigate the situation of finite-bandwidth reservoirs. This is done by modeling the driving bath as the output field of a non-degenerate parametric oscillator. The resulting non-Markovian dynamics is studied within the theoretical framework of cascade open quantum systems. It is shown that the formation of pair-entangled structures occurs as long a…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsTheoryofComputation_COMPUTATIONBYABSTRACTDEVICESQuantum decoherenceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Bandwidth (signal processing)Markov processFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum entanglementQuantum PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticssymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicssymbolsStatistical physicsParametric oscillatorQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Computer Science::DatabasesCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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ISHLT consensus document on lung transplantation in patients with connective tissue disease: Part I: Epidemiology, assessment of extrapulmonary condi…

2021

Patients with connective tissue disease (CTD) and advanced lung disease are often considered suboptimal candidates for lung transplantation (LTx) due to their underlying medical complexity and potential surgical risk. There is substantial variability across LTx centers regarding the evaluation and listing of these patients. The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation-supported consensus document on lung transplantation in patients with CTD standardization aims to clarify definitions of each disease state included under the term CTD, to describe the extrapulmonary manifestations of each disease requiring consideration before transplantation, and to outline the absolute contr…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyConsensusmedicine.medical_treatmentDiseaseGlobal HealthEpidemiologyHumansMedicineLung transplantationConnective Tissue DiseasesIntensive care medicineSelection (genetic algorithm)TransplantationLungbusiness.industryContraindicationsPatient Selectionmedicine.diseaseConnective tissue diseaseTransplantationmedicine.anatomical_structureSurgeryCTDMorbidityCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessLung TransplantationThe Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
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The class of languages recognizable by 1-way quantum finite automata is not closed under union

2000

In this paper we develop little further the theory of quantum finite automata (QFA). There are already few properties of QFA known, that deterministic and probabilistic finite automata do not have e.g. they cannot recognize all regular languages. In this paper we show, that class of languages recognizable by QFA is not closed under union, even not under any Boolean operation, where both arguments are significant.

Quantum PhysicsTheoryofComputation_COMPUTATIONBYABSTRACTDEVICESFOS: Physical sciencesComputer Science::Computational ComplexityQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Computer Science::Formal Languages and Automata Theory
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The set of conjugacy class sizes of a finite group does not determine its solvability

2014

Abstract We find a pair of groups, one solvable and the other non-solvable, with the same set of conjugacy class sizes.

Set (abstract data type)Discrete mathematicsMathematics::Group TheoryFinite groupTheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGESTheoryofComputation_COMPUTATIONBYABSTRACTDEVICESAlgebra and Number TheoryConjugacy classTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATIONMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICSMathematicsJournal of Algebra
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The molecular profiling of solid tumors by liquid biopsy: a position paper of the AIOM–SIAPEC-IAP–SIBioC–SIC–SIF Italian Scientific Societies

2021

The term liquid biopsy (LB) refers to the use of various biological fluids as a surrogate for neoplastic tissue to achieve information for diagnostic, prognostic and predictive purposes. In the current clinical practice, LB is used for the identification of driver mutations in circulating tumor DNA derived from both tumor tissue and circulating neoplastic cells. As suggested by a growing body of evidence, however, there are several clinical settings where biological samples other than tissue could be used in the routine practice to identify potentially predictive biomarkers of either response or resistance to targeted treatments. New applications are emerging as useful clinical tools, and o…

Societies ScientificCancer ResearchContext (language use)ReviewNeoplastic CellsBioinformaticsCirculating tumor cellCirculatingBiomarkers TumorMedicineHumansDigital polymerase chain reactionLiquid biopsycfDNAcirculating tumor DNAcfDNA; circulating cell-free DNA; circulating tumor DNA; ctDNA; digital PCR; liquid biopsy; next-generation sequencing; real-time PCRTumorCirculating Neoplastic Cellsliquid biopsybusiness.industrydigital PCRScientificctDNAcirculating cell-free DNANeoplastic Cells CirculatingCirculating Cell-Free DNAcfDNA; circulating cell-free DNA; circulating tumor DNA; ctDNA; digital PCR; liquid biopsy; next-generation sequencing; real-time PCR; Biomarkers Tumor; Humans; Italy; Liquid Biopsy; Neoplastic Cells Circulating; Societies ScientificOncologyItalyCirculating tumor DNAPosition papernext-generation sequencingSocietiesbusinessreal-time PCRBiomarkersHuman
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Intra-Tumour Genetic Heterogeneity and Prognosis in High-Risk Neuroblastoma

2021

Simple Summary Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extra-cranial solid paediatric cancer and is responsible for 15% of childhood cancer deaths. Patients with NB are characterized by presenting a very heterogeneous clinic (inter-tumoural heterogeneity) and also both spatial and temporal intra-tumour heterogeneity (ITH) reflected in their genetic aberrations, which may be the consequence of the coexistence of different microenvironments within the tumour. Applying pangenomic techniques to detect genomic aberrations in different biopsies (solid and liquid) of high risk NB (HR-NB) we have detected spatial ITH in a surprisingly high percentage (almost 40%) of the studied cohort. Moreover, a po…

Solid tumourCancer Research<i>MYCN</i> amplificationGenetic heterogeneityMYCN amplificationNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensGenomicsctDNABiologySNPaArticleOncologyMycn amplificationGenomic ProfileCancer researchgenomicssegmental chromosomal aberrationHigh risk neuroblastomaLiquid biopsytumour microenvironmentSurvival rateRC254-282Cancers
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