Search results for "Caliza"

showing 10 items of 656 documents

Building a State’s Global Competitive Advantage by Improving Its Finances: A System Dynamic Model Tailored for the Italian State

2014

The present study analyzes and tests a new way to recover economy and public finances in time of crisis. An exclusive focus on State financial short-term stability risks to undermine the economic growth and to erode the social environment, thus it depletes the sources of State finances on the long-term. While a sustainable strategizing focuses on performance drivers that generate these last. Such approach in public strategizing is based on the assumption that State could increase its budgets by improving the organizational and legal framework in which private firms operate, in order to reduce their overhead costs for compliance of rules, and public facilities’ inefficiencies. This improveme…

Performance management delocalization sustainability financial strategy Italy System dynamics
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Understanding the mechanism of non-polar diels-alder reactions. A comparative elf analysis of concerted and stepwise diradical mechanisms

2010

The electron-reorganization along the concerted and stepwise pathways associated with the non-polar Diels-Alder reaction between cyclopentadiene (Cp, 1) and ethylene (2) has been studied using the topological analysis of the electron localization function (ELF) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. ELF results for the concerted mechanism stresses that the electron-reorganization demanded on the diene and ethylene reagents to reach two pseudo-diradical structures is responsible for the high activation energy. A comparative ELF analysis of some relevant points of the non-polar Diels-Alder reaction between Cp and styrene (10) suggests that these concerted mechanisms do not have a pericyclic e…

Pericyclic reactionEthyleneCyclopentadieneDieneDiradicalConcerted reactionStereochemistryOrganic Chemistryrespiratory systemBiochemistryElectron localization functionStyrenechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Azo-hydrazo conversion via [1,5]-hydrogen shifts. A combined experimental and theoretical study

2012

Abstract Azoalkenes 6e , 6g , 6h , and 8c underwent an easy azo-hydrazo conversion via a [1,5]-hydrogen shift yielding α,β-unsaturated hydrazones. The isomerization products were characterized through spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. In order to understand the nature of the mechanism of these [1,5]-hydrogen shifts, the transition state structures of the reactions were theoretically studied at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level. Substitution effects in the propenylazo system on the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were analyzed. An electron localization function (ELF) analysis of the electronic structure of the transition state structure associated with the azo-hydrazo conversion of t…

Pericyclic reactionHydrogenChemistryOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectronic structureHydrogen atomKinetic energyBiochemistryTransition stateElectron localization functionComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryIsomerizationTetrahedron
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La industria exógena en la periferia occidental del área metropolitana de Valencia (A.M.V.)

1991

En el tejido industrial de las comarcas occidentales del A. M. V., el Camp de Túria y la Hoya de Buñol-Chiva, hallamos una dualismo respecto al origen de los establecimientos industriales ubicados en ambas comarcas: la industria autóctona y la actividad fabril foránea. Tras analizar los factores que condicionan la localización de estas industrias exógenas definiremos qué rasgos las caracterizan así como el nivel de integración con respecto al espacio que las acoge. En la industria foránea hemos diferenciado aquellos establecimientos industriales que se han instalado tras un traslado de aquéllos otros de nueva creación producto de la iniciativa foránea

Periferia urbanaEspacio industrialUNESCO::HISTORIAGeografíaFactores de localizaciónAbastecimientoPrevisionesUNESCO::HISTORIA::Historia por épocas::Historia antiguaGeociencias. Medio ambienteEmpresas subcontratadas:HISTORIA::Historia por épocas::Historia antigua [UNESCO]Instalaciones industrialesMaterias primasGrupo BMercado:HISTORIA [UNESCO]Áreas metropolitanasDeslocalización industrialDescentralización industrial
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Comparative Structural Studies of 4-Diazopyrazole Derivatives by X-Ray Diffraction and Theoretical Investigation

2005

The X-Ray crystal and molecular structures of the 4-pyrazol derivatives 3-methyl-4-diazo-5-benzamido-1H-pyrazole (4) and 3-benzamido-5-methyl-1H-pyrazole (3) have been determined. A dimeric structure has been found for the first and polymeric for the second. A comparison of 4 with 1,3-dimethyl-4-diazo-5-benzamido-lH-pyrazole (2) shows differences in the geometrical parameters of the pyrazole ring due to electron delocalization in 2 consequent to the nitrogen negative charge in the latter. Theoretical investigation at the density functional theory (DFT) level shows difference in the molecular electronic distribution of 2 and 4, in agreement with the structural parameters and the IR stretchin…

PharmacologyChemistryOrganic ChemistryElectron delocalizationPyrazoleRing (chemistry)Analytical ChemistryCrystalCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundNegative chargeX-ray crystallographyX-Ray crystal molecular structures derivativesDensity functional theory
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When are thin films of metals metallic? Part III

1996

Abstract A large amount of experimental information has indicated that very thin films of metallic elements can exhibit nonmetallic behavior, even on metal substrates. These films undergo a gradual nonmetal to metal transition with increasing film density or thickness. The nonmetallic behavior can be related to electron localization due to strong electron-electron correlation in low dimensional systems, as indicated by the strong enhancement of electron effective mass. The evolution in the electronic structure associated with the nonmetal to metal transition bears a striking resemblance to the behavior observed for free metal clusters. Part I [1], outlined the general concepts of a nonmetal…

Phase transitionMaterials scienceMetal K-edgeMechanical EngineeringElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectron localization functionMetalEffective mass (solid-state physics)NonmetalMechanics of MaterialsChemical physicsvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceThin filmMaterials Science and Engineering: A
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The grammaticalization and pragmaticalization of cleft constructions in Present-Day English

2012

The present paper examines the development of the variation between a marked and an unmarked infinitival complement clause in three types of cleft constructions in 20th century English. Data from corpora of written and spoken British (BrE) and American English (AmE) evidence a significantly divergent development of these clefts types in speaking when compared to writing. The written corpora show a steady increase in the frequency of clefts, and a decrease of the to-infinitive paired with an increase of the bare infinitive, thus a reversal of preferences in both varieties in all three types of clefts. This erosion of to as an (optional) grammatical marker leads to a higher degree of syntacti…

PhraseComputer sciencebusiness.industryAmerican EnglishTopic markercomputer.software_genreGrammaticalizationLinguisticsFocus (linguistics)Variation (linguistics)InfinitiveArtificial intelligenceComplement (linguistics)businesscomputerNatural language processing
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Non-Markovian dynamics from band edge effects and static disorder

2017

It was recently shown [S. Lorenzo et al., Sci. Rep. 7, 42729 (2017)] that the presence of static disorder in a bosonic bath - whose normal modes thus become all Anderson-localised - leads to non-Markovianity in the emission of an atom weakly coupled to it (a process which in absence of disorder is fully Markovian). Here, we extend the above analysis beyond the weak-coupling regime for a finite-band bath so as to account for band edge effects. We study the interplay of these with static disorder in the emergence of non-Markovian behaviour in terms of a suitable non-Markovianity measure.

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Anderson localizactionMarkov processNon-MarkovianityFOS: Physical sciencesEdge (geometry)01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)Static disorderCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeNormal modeQuantum mechanicsAtom (measure theory)0103 physical sciencesband edge mode010306 general physicsband edge modesPhysicsQuantum PhysicsDynamics (mechanics)disordersymbolsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Anderson localizaction; band edge modes; disorder; Non-Markovianity; Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)
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Quantum non-Markovianity induced by Anderson localization

2017

As discovered by P. W. Anderson, excitations do not propagate freely in a disordered lattice, but, due to destructive interference, they localise. As a consequence when an atom interacts with a disordered lattice one indeed observes, a non-trivial excitation exchange between atom and lattice. Such non-trivial atomic dynamics will in general be characterised also by a non-trivial quantum information backflow, a clear signature of non-Markovian dynamics. To investigate the above scenario we consider a quantum emitter, or atom, weakly coupled to a uniform coupled-cavity array (CCA). If initially excited, in the absence of disorder, the emitter undergoes a Markovian spontaneous emission by rele…

Physics---Anderson localizationQuantum PhysicsMultidisciplinaryFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesArticleSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmasNormal modeExcited stateQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesPhenomenological modelAtomSpontaneous emissionQuantum information010306 general physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)QuantumScientific Reports
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Level statistics and Anderson delocalization in two-dimensional granular materials

2020

Contrary to the theoretical predictions that all waves in two-dimensional disordered materials are localized, Anderson localization is observed only for sufficiently high frequencies in an isotropically jammed two-dimensional disordered granular packing of photoelastic disks. More specifically, we have performed an experiment in analyzing the level statistics of normal mode vibrations. We observe delocalized modes in the low-frequency boson-peak regime and localized modes in the high frequency regime with the crossover frequency just below the Debye frequency. We find that the level-distance distribution obeys Gaussian-Orthogonal-Ensemble (GOE) statistics, i.e. Wigner-Dyson distribution, in…

PhysicsAnderson localizationFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGranular material01 natural sciencesDebye frequencyDelocalized electronNormal mode0103 physical sciencesStatisticsExponentSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyScalingAnderson impurity model
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