Search results for "Choice"
showing 10 items of 795 documents
Choice alters Drosophila oviposition site preference on menthol
2013
Summary Food choice and preference relies on multiple sensory systems that are under the control of genes and sensory experience. Exposure to specific nutrients and nutrient-related molecules can change food preference in vertebrates and invertebrates. For example, larval exposure of several holometabolous insects to menthol can change their adult response to this molecule. However, studies involving Drosophila melanogaster exposure to menthol produced controversial results due maybe to methodological differences. Here, we compared the oviposition-site preference of wild-type D. melanogaster lines freely or forcibly exposed to menthol-rich food. After 12 generations, oviposition-site prefer…
Heterogeneity in general practitioners’ preferences for quality improvement programs: a choice experiment and policy simulation in France
2016
International audience; Despite increasing popularity, quality improvement programs (QIP) have had modest and variable impacts on enhancing the quality of physician practice. We investigate the heterogeneity of physicians’ preferences as a potential explanation of these mixed results in France, where the national voluntary QIP – the CAPI – has been cancelled due to its unpopularity. We rely on a discrete choice experiment to elicit heterogeneity in physicians’ preferences for the financial and non-financial components of QIP. Using mixed and latent class logit models, results show that the two models should be used in concert to shed light on different aspects of the heterogeneity in prefer…
Influence of Organizational Culture on Employees Information Security Policy Compliance in Ethiopian Companies
2021
Information security is one of the organizations' top agendas worldwide. Similarly, there is a growing trend in the kinds and rate of security breaches. Information security experts and scholars concentrate on outsiders' threats; conversely, insiders are responsible for most security breaches in organizations. Further, the majority of information security research findings are limited to solutions that are technically focused. However, it is now recognized that the technological approach alone does not carry the security level needed. So this led researchers to embark on socio-technical approaches. Thus, this study explores organizational culture's effect on employees' intention to comply w…
Apports des mesures de consentement à payer dans l’étude de l’acceptabilité de produits alimentaires bénéficiant d’informations nutritionnelles
2010
Used in a laboratory or survey setting, the declarative methods are very widely used to estimate the consumers preferences. The experimental economic incentive methods allows to make up for hypothetical bias which can affect purely declarative methods. This work sets out several experiments based on methodological comparisons allowing to test the inter-methods validity and to begin external measure validity question. In line with literature previous works, this work allows to highlight assets and limits of the non-hypothetical measures (BDM mechanism and real choice experiment), first one relative to another, second relative to hedonic measures. Two major results were obtained. First, the B…
Are decisions in a real choice experiment consistent with reservation prices elicited with BDM 'auction'? The case of French baguettes
2014
Abstract The aim of this study was to compare consumer choices observed in a real choice experiment and their reservation prices elicited with the BDM mechanism in order to assess the rationality of participant behaviors. One hundred and seventy-seven participants tested four French baguettes in each task. For the real choice experiment, participants were faced with 17 scenarios (17 × 4 baguette-price combinations). In each method, participants could select a “no purchase” option. Comparing choices and reservation prices made it possible to assess the rationality of participant behaviors. From a strict economic standpoint, 50% of observed choices were fully rational. When one baguette was a…
Quitter sa région pour entrer à l'université : quels sont les facteurs explicatifs de la mobilité géographique des bacheliers ?
2007
New entrants to university : the determinants of regional mobility. This paper aims at understanding the regional mobility of new entrants to university. The regional mobility appears to be marginal. But, the impact of social and academic characteristics shows that self selection processes exist. The combined effects of field and regional impacts highlight the role of the availability of university curricula on student choice.
Quitter sa région pour entrer à l'université
2006
This paper aims at understanding the regional mobility of new entrants to university. The regionalmobility is marginal. But, the impact of social and academic characteristics shows that selfselection processes exist. The combine effects of fields and regions impacts highlight the role ofavailability of university program on student choice.
SEQUENCE EVOLUTION OF THE SPERM LIGAND ZONADHESIN CORRELATES NEGATIVELY WITH BODY WEIGHT DIMORPHISM IN PRIMATES
2007
Sexual selection has repeatedly been shown to be the probable driving force behind the positive Darwinian evolution of genes affecting male reproductive success. Here we compare the sequence evolution of the sperm ligand zonadhesin with body mass dimorphism in primates. In contrast to previous related studies, the present approach takes into account not only catarrhine primates, but also platyrrhines and lemurs. In detail, we analyze the sequence evolution of concatenated zonadhesin fragments (555 bp) of four Lemuroidea, five Platyrrhini, and seven Catarrhini, using the rate ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions (dn/ds=omega). Unexpectedly, subsequent regression analyzes betwee…
Male reproductive senescence as a potential source of sexual conflict in a beetle
2011
The link between senescence and reproductive success is a contentious yet crucial issue to our understanding of mate choice, sexual conflict, and the evolution of ageing. By imposing direct (i.e., male fertility) or indirect (i.e., zygote viability) reproductive costs to females, male senescence may lead to sexual conflict at different levels. For example, ageing may affect male ability to deliver sperm, thus setting the scene for sexual conflict over mating, and/or may affect the quality of individual sperm cells, generating the potential for sexual conflict over fertilizing strategies. We addressed these issues by studying the mating behavior, reproductive fitness, and fertilization patte…
Delayed maturation in plumage colour: Evidence for the female-mimicry hypothesis in the kestrel
1993
In many sexually dichromatic species, young males have female-like plumage during their first potential breeding year. The female-mimicry hypothesis (FMH) supposes that by possessing female-like plumage young males deceive older conspicuous males into believing that they are females, thus reducing competition from adult males. The status-signalling hypothesis (SSH) supposes that adult males can distinguish sex, but postulates that young males reduce competition from adult males by reliably signaling low status with their dull plumage. We tested these hypotheses in the European kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). Female-like young males settled to breed closer to adult males than did other adult ma…