Search results for "Computer-assisted"

showing 10 items of 1186 documents

Granulometric analysis of corneal endothelium specular images by using a germ–grain model

2007

Specular microscopy is widely used to study the human corneal endothelium status in vivo. In this paper, the corneal endothelium is represented as a binary image composed of the cell inscribed circles. The granulometric distribution function of the complement of this image is used as a functional descriptor, which provides information about the shape, size and spatial arrangement of cells. Experimental evaluation using bootstrap techniques shows its ability to discriminate between controls and pathological cases. It represents a reliable and graphical alternative to the classical indices (cell density, hexagonality and coefficient of variation of cell areas), which behave poorly when detect…

Corneal endotheliumMaterials sciencegenetic structuresCell CountHealth InformaticsCell densityImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansComputer SimulationComputer visionGermSpecular reflectionCell SizeMicroscopyFourier Analysisbusiness.industryBinary imageEndothelium CornealNumerical Analysis Computer-AssistedComputer Science ApplicationsOphthalmoscopySPECULAR MICROSCOPYArtificial intelligenceBiological systembusinessSoftwareShape analysis (digital geometry)Computers in Biology and Medicine
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Prevalence of anatomical variants and coronary anomalies in 543 consecutive patients studied with 64-slice CT coronary angiography

2008

The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of variants and anomalies of the coronary artery tree in patients who underwent 64-slice computed tomography coronary angiography (CT-CA) for suspected or known coronary artery disease. A total of 543 patients (389 male, mean age 60.5 +/- 10.9) were reviewed for coronary artery variants and anomalies including post-processing tools. The majority of segments were identified according to the American Heart Association scheme. The coronary dominance pattern results were: right, 86.6%; left, 9.2%; balanced, 4.2%. The left main coronary artery had a mean length of 112 +/- 55 mm. The intermediate branch was present in the 21.9%. A variable number …

Coronary angiographyAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialty64 slice ctCoronary Vessel AnomaliesContrast MediaCoronary Angiographymultislice computed tomographyIopamidolCoronary circulationInternal medicineCoronary CirculationCoronary artery circulation Multislice computed tomography Anatomical variants AnomaliesmedicinePrevalenceHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeuroradiologyAgedAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryInterventional radiologyGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedanatomical variantsIopamidolCoronary arteriesmedicine.anatomical_structurecoronary artery circulation; multislice computed tomography; anatomical variants; anomaliesRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCardiologycoronary artery circulationRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedanomaliesFemaleRadiologybusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaCardiacmedicine.drugArteryEuropean Radiology
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Rationale, design and methods of CTCA-PRORECAD (Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography Prognostic Registry for Coronary Artery Disease): a multicen…

2013

PURPOSE: This study was done to assess the prognostic value of computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) in a large multicentre population of patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) and, in particular, its incremental value compared with traditional methods for risk stratification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective observational study that began in January 2003 conducted on patients with suspected CAD assessed with CTCA on the basis of symptoms (chest pain, dyspnoea) and/or abnormal or equivocal stress test and/or a high cardiovascular risk profile. The participating centres will provide data obtained with CTCA performed with 16-slice or higher equipment. Ex…

Coronary angiographyMaleContrast MediaComputed tomographyCoronary DiseaseCoronary AngiographyCoronary artery diseaseComputed tomography coronary angiographyCoronary artery diseaseComputer-AssistedRisk FactorsRegistriesTomographyNeuroradiologyeducation.field_of_studymedicine.diagnostic_testcomputed tomography coronary angiography; coronary artery disease; prevalence of disease; prognosis; registry; risk stratificationRadiographic Image InterpretationInterventional radiologyGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedPrognosisX-Ray ComputedResearch DesignRisk stratificationCardiologyPrevalence of diseaseRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedFemaleRadiologymedicine.medical_specialtyRegistryPrognosiEndpoint DeterminationPopulationRisk AssessmentComputed tomography coronary angiography; Coronary artery disease; Prevalence of disease; Prognosis; Risk stratification; Registry; Analysis of Variance; Contrast Media; Coronary Disease; Endpoint Determination; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Radiographic Image Interpretation Computer-Assisted; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Coronary Angiography; Registries; Research Design; Tomography X-Ray ComputedInternal medicinemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingeducationRisk stratificationProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesAnalysis of Variancebusiness.industrymedicine.diseasebusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedLa Radiologia medica
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Prognostic outcome of routine clinical noninvasive Multidetector row Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography in Patients with suspected coronary art…

2011

The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic value of multidetector-row CT coronary angiography (MDCT-CA) in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) in a routine clinical context.A total of 125 patients (82 men, age 57.4±10.3 years) with suspected CAD underwent MDCT-CA. All patients were assessed for cardiovascular risk factors, symptoms and coronary calcium score. A 2-year follow-up study for the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events was performed.According to the Morise pretest score, 76 patients (60.8%) were at intermediate risk. Patients with suspected CAD presented the following prognostic outcome (p0.0001): in 41 patients with normal coronary arteries at MDCT-C…

Coronary angiographyMaleMalattia aterosclerotica coronaricamedicine.medical_specialtyContext (language use)Coronary Artery DiseaseCoronary AngiographySensitivity and SpecificityCoronary artery diseasePredictive Value of TestsInternal medicinemedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIn patientValore prognosticocardiovascular diseasesCoronary artery disease Prognostic value Coronary angiography Multidetector row computed tomographyNeuroradiologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryFollow up studiesInterventional radiologyGeneral MedicineMultidetector row computed tomographyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisPredictive value of testsAngiografia coronaricacardiovascular systemCardiologyFemaleRadiologyTomografia computerizzata multistratobusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaPrognostic value
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Acceptance of noninvasive computed tomography coronary angiography: for a patient-friendly medicine.

2014

PURPOSE: This study was done to evaluate the psychological state and anxiety of patients undergoing computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA), and assess their acceptance and satisfaction compared to invasive conventional coronary angiography (CCA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 442 consecutive patients (282 male; mean age 57.7 ± 9.5 years) who underwent CTCA for suspected or known coronary artery disease were evaluated with the Endler Multimodality Anxiety Scales (EMAS) before and after the scan, and a questionnaire administered after the scan. Among the 442 patients, 181 had a history of CCA. Two radiologists assessed the image quality of CTCA. RESULTS: Anxiety was more intense …

Coronary angiographyMalemedicine.medical_specialtyContrast MediaComputed tomographyCoronary DiseaseAnxietyCoronary AngiographyCoronary artery diseaseSex FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSettore MED/25 - PsichiatriaNeuroradiologyPsychiatric Status Rating Scalesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryUltrasoundInterventional radiologyGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedPatient Acceptance of Health Caremedicine.diseaseIopamidolAnxietyRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedFemaleRadiologyCoronary artery disease Anxiety Conventional coronary angiography CT coronary angiographymedicine.symptombusinessSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaTomography X-Ray ComputedLa Radiologia medica
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A systematic comparison of kinetic modelling methods generating parametric maps for [11C]-(R)-PK11195

2006

[(11)C]-(R)-PK11195 is presently the most widely used radiotracer for the monitoring of microglia activity in the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, play a critical role in acute and chronic diseases of the central nervous system and in host defence against neoplasia. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the reliability and sensitivity of five kinetic modelling methods for the formation of parametric maps from dynamic [(11)C]-(R)-PK11195 studies. The methods we tested were the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM), basis pursuit, a simple target-to-reference ratio, the Logan plot and a wavelet based Logan plot. For the reliabilit…

Correlation coefficientComputer scienceCognitive NeuroscienceBasis pursuitKinetic energySensitivity and SpecificityWaveletAlzheimer DiseaseModelling methodsComputer GraphicsImage Processing Computer-AssistedCluster AnalysisHumansPharmacokineticsCarbon RadioisotopesMathematical ComputingParametric statisticsBrain Mappingbusiness.industryBrainIsoquinolinesReceptors GABA-ALogan plotHuntington DiseaseNeurologyPositron-Emission TomographyMicrogliaNuclear medicinebusinessNeuroImage
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All-optical signal processing at ultra-low powers in bottle microresonators using the Kerr effect.

2010

We present experimental results on nonlinear, ultra-low power photonics applications based on a silica whispering-gallery-mode microresonator. Our bottle microresonator combines an ultrahigh quality factor of Q10(8) with a small mode volume V. The resulting Q(2)/V-ratio is among the highest realized for optical microresonators and allows us to observe bistable behavior at very low powers. We report single-wavelength all-optical switching via the Kerr effect at a record-low threshold of 50 microW. Moreover, an advantageous mode geometry enables the coupling of two tapered fiber waveguides to a bottle mode in an add-drop configuration. This allows us to route a CW optical signal between both …

CouplingMode volumeTotal internal reflectionOptics and PhotonicsMaterials scienceKerr effectBistabilitybusiness.industryOptical DevicesSignal Processing Computer-AssistedModels TheoreticalSilicon DioxideSignalAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpticsQ factorOptoelectronicsGlassPhotonicsbusinessOptical FibersOptics express
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Measuring Spatiotemporal Dependencies in Bivariate Temporal Random Sets with Applications to Cell Biology

2008

Analyzing spatiotemporal dependencies between different types of events is highly relevant to many biological phenomena (e.g., signaling and trafficking), especially as advances in probes and microscopy have facilitated the imaging of dynamic processes in living cells. For many types of events, the segmented areas can overlap spatially and temporally, forming random clumps. In this paper, we model the binary image sequences of two different event types as a realization of a bivariate temporal random set and propose a nonparametric approach to quantify spatial and spatiotemporal interrelations using the pair correlation, cross-covariance, and the Ripley K functions. Based on these summary st…

Covariance functionModels BiologicalSensitivity and SpecificityPattern Recognition Automated03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineArtificial IntelligenceImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedCells CulturedIndependence (probability theory)030304 developmental biologyMathematics0303 health sciencesModels Statisticalbusiness.industryStochastic processApplied MathematicsNonparametric statisticsReproducibility of ResultsEstimatorImage EnhancementEndocytosisTemporal databaseMicroscopy FluorescenceComputational Theory and Mathematics[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligenceCross-covariancebusinessAlgorithms030217 neurology & neurosurgerySoftwareRealization (probability)IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
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Exploring the mediator role of self-critical rumination between emotion regulation and psychopathology: A validation study of the Self-Critical Rumin…

2021

Abstract Self-critical rumination is a negative and repetitive self-thinking process related to different disorders and negative psychological outcomes such as emotion dysregulation. The objectives of this study are twofold: (a) to examine the factor structure of the Spanish version of the Self-Critical Rumination Scale (SCRS), providing further evidence on its construct validity, and (b), to explore the mediator role of self-critical rumination between emotion dysregulation and psychopathology. A sample of 431 Spanish participants were recruited and completed online questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis, mediation analysis, and Pearson's correlations were conducted. A single factor …

Cronbach's alphaScale (social sciences)SelfRuminationmedicineConstruct validityComputer-assisted web interviewingmedicine.symptomPsychologyGeneral PsychologyConfirmatory factor analysisClinical psychologyPsychopathologyPersonality and Individual Differences
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Three-dimensional structure of hepatitis B virus core particles determined by electron cryomicroscopy

1994

Human hepatitis B virus core protein expressed in E. coli assembles into two sizes of particle. We have determined their three-dimensional structures by electron cryomicroscopy and image processing. The large and small particles correspond to triangulation number T = 4 and T = 3 dimer clustered packings, containing 240 and 180 protein subunits, respectively. The local packing of subunits is very similar in the two sizes of particle and shows holes or channels through the shell. The native viral core particle packages RNA and is active in reverse transcription to DNA. The holes we observe may provide access for the necessary small molecules. Shells assembled from the intact core protein cont…

CryopreservationHepatitis B virusProtein ConformationCryo-electron microscopyProtein subunitDimerShell (structure)RNABiologyHepatitis B Core AntigensVirologyRecombinant ProteinsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMicroscopy Electronchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyProtein structurechemistryEscherichia coliImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansParticleDNACell
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