Search results for "Density"

showing 10 items of 4402 documents

Learning non-linear time-scales with kernel -filters

2009

A family of kernel methods, based on the @c-filter structure, is presented for non-linear system identification and time series prediction. The kernel trick allows us to develop the natural non-linear extension of the (linear) support vector machine (SVM) @c-filter [G. Camps-Valls, M. Martinez-Ramon, J.L. Rojo-Alvarez, E. Soria-Olivas, Robust @c-filter using support vector machines, Neurocomput. J. 62(12) (2004) 493-499.], but this approach yields a rigid system model without non-linear cross relation between time-scales. Several functional analysis properties allow us to develop a full, principled family of kernel @c-filters. The improved performance in several application examples suggest…

TelecomunicacionesSupport vector machinesbusiness.industryCognitive NeuroscienceNonlinear System IdentificationPattern recognitionKernel principal component analysisComputer Science ApplicationsKernel methodMercer's KernelArtificial IntelligenceVariable kernel density estimationString kernelKernel embedding of distributionsPolynomial kernelRadial basis function kernelGamma-FiltersArtificial intelligenceTree kernelbusinessMathematicsNeurocomputing
researchProduct

Nitrous oxide fluxes from permafrost regions

2020

This dataset is a synthesis of published nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes from permafrost-affected soils in Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine permafrost regions. The data includes mean N2O flux rates measured under field (in situ) conditions and in intact plant-soil systems (mesocosms) under near-field conditions. The dataset further includes explanatory environmental parameters such as meteorological data, soil physical-chemical properties, as well as site and experimental information. Data has been synthesized from published studies (see 'Further details'), and in some cases the authors of published studies have been contacted for additional site-level information. The dataset includes studies publ…

Temperature airNumber of pointsHemeroby/disturbanceannual meanNumber of measurement seasonsTemperature soilDensityArea localityPrecipitationgravimetricmeanNitrateTime in minutesAnalytical methodType of studyReference of dataTemperature air annual meanArea/localitypH soilCarbon Nitrogen ratioYear of observationWater holding capacityOriginal unitSample code/labelReplicatesNitrous oxidepHPermafrost extentThaw depth of active layer meanTemperatureMonthSample code labelZoneWater filled pore space calculatedExperimental treatmentCountryPrecipitation annual meanOrganic carbon soilEarth System ResearchSoil water content gravimetricType of chamberAmmoniumPresence/absenceNitrogenairvolumetricLocationactive layerType of disturbanceSiteVegetation typeWater filled pore spaceSoil water content volumetricSoil water contentin mass nitrous oxidesoilThaw depth of active layercalculatedbulkmaximumLONGITUDEOrganic carbonEcosystemPublication of dataPresence absenceSoil organic matterEvent labelThaw depth of active layer maximumNumber of measurementsHemeroby disturbanceNitrous oxide flux in mass nitrous oxideCarbon/Nitrogen ratiofluxOriginal valueLATITUDEDayNitrogen soilSoil moistureDensity active layer bulk
researchProduct

One loop integrals revisited

1992

We present a new calculation of the well-known one-loop two-point scalar and tensor functions. We also present a systematic reduction to a certain class of functions which minimizes the effort for calculating tensor integrals drastically. We avoid standard techniques such as Feynman parametrization and Wick rotation.

Tensor contractionFeynman parametrizationPhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Scalar (mathematics)Tensor fieldsymbols.namesakeWick rotationsymbolsFeynman diagramQuantum field theoryTensor densityEngineering (miscellaneous)Mathematical physicsZeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields
researchProduct

Some algebraic and topological properties of the nonabelian tensor product

2013

Several authors investigated the properties which are invariant under the passage from a group to its nonabelian tensor square. In the present note we study this problem from the viewpoint of the classes of groups and the methods allow us to prove a result of invariance for some geometric properties of discrete groups.

Tensor contractionNonabelian tensor productTensor product of algebrasGeneral MathematicsTensor product of Hilbert spaceshomologyTopologyAlgebraalgebraic topologyTensor productSymmetric tensorRicci decompositionwsg propertyTensor product of modulesfree productSettore MAT/03 - GeometriaTensor densityMathematics
researchProduct

Generalized Virasoro anomaly and stress tensor for dilaton coupled theories

2003

We derive the anomalous transformation law of the quantum stress tensor for a 2D massless scalar field coupled to an external dilaton. This provides a generalization of the Virasoro anomaly which turns out to be consistent with the trace anomaly. We apply it together with the equivalence principle to compute the expectation values of the covariant quantum stress tensor on a curved background. Finally we briefly illustrate how to evaluate vacuum polarization and Hawking radiation effects from these results.

Tensor contractionPhysicsAstrofísicaHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCauchy stress tensorDilaton coupled theoriesHawking radiationFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics::TheoryGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyClassical mechanicsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Stress tensorDilatonCovariant transformationVacuum polarizationVacuum polarizationAnomaly (physics)Tensor densityScalar fieldVirasoro and trace anomaliesMathematical physics
researchProduct

Tensor Operators and the Wigner-Eckart Theorem

2007

In this chapter we pave the way to the use of the coupling methods of Chap. 1 for manipulating operators and their matrix elements. To enable smooth application of the angular momentum methods, we introduce so-called spherical tensor operators. Spherical tensors can be related to Cartesian tensors. A Cartesian tensor of a given Cartesian rank can be reduced to spherical tensors of several spherical ranks. There is a very convenient procedure, the so-called Wigner-Eckart theorem, to separate the part containing the projection quantum numbers from the rest of the matrix element of a spherical tensor operator. The remaining piece, called the reduced matrix element, is rotationally invariant an…

Tensor contractionPhysicsWigner–Eckart theoremCartesian tensorSymmetric tensorTensorTensor densityTensor operatorMathematical physicsTensor field
researchProduct

Intrinsic characterization of space‐time symmetric tensors

1992

This paper essentially deals with the classification of a symmetric tensor on a four‐dimensional Lorentzian space. A method is given to find the algebraic type of such a tensor. A system of concomitants of the tensor is constructed, which allows one to know the causal character of the eigenspace corresponding to a given eigenvalue, and to obtain covariantly their eigenvectors. Some algebraic as well as differential applications are considered.

Tensor contractionPure mathematicsFísica matemàticaTensor product of Hilbert spacesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsTopologia algebraicaTopologyTensor fieldSymmetric tensorRicci decompositionTensorMetric tensor (general relativity)Tensor densityMathematical PhysicsMathematicsJournal of Mathematical Physics
researchProduct

Annihilators of tensor density modules

2007

Abstract We describe the two-sided ideals in the universal enveloping algebras of the Lie algebras of vector fields on the line and the circle which annihilate the tensor density modules. Both of these Lie algebras contain the projective subalgebra, a copy of sl 2 . The restrictions of the tensor density modules to this subalgebra are duals of Verma modules (of sl 2 ) for Vec ( R ) and principal series modules (of sl 2 ) for Vec ( S 1 ) . Thus our results are related to the well-known theorem of Duflo describing the annihilating ideals of Verma modules of reductive Lie algebras. We find that, in general, the annihilator of a tensor density module of Vec ( R ) or Vec ( S 1 ) is generated by …

Tensor density modulesPure mathematicsVerma moduleAlgebra and Number TheorySubalgebraMathematics::Rings and AlgebrasUniversal enveloping algebraGeneralized Verma moduleAffine Lie algebraLie conformal algebraAnnihilating idealsMathematics::Quantum AlgebraTensor product of modulesTensor densityMathematics::Representation TheoryMathematicsJournal of Algebra
researchProduct

Synthesis of Nonplanar Graphene Nanoribbon with Fjord Edges

2021

As a new family of semiconductors, graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), nanometer-wide strips of graphene, have appeared as promising candidates for next-generation nanoelectronics. Out-of-plane deformation of π-frames in GNRs brings further opportunities for optical and electronic property tuning. Here we demonstrate a novel fjord-edged GNR (FGNR) with a nonplanar geometry obtained by regioselective cyclodehydrogenation. Triphenanthro-fused teropyrene 1 and pentaphenanthro-fused quateropyrene 2 were synthesized as model compounds, and single-crystal X-ray analysis revealed their helically twisted conformations arising from the [5]helicene substructures. The structures and photophysical properties …

Terahertz radiationCrystallography X-RayBiochemistryCatalysislaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeColloid and Surface ChemistrylawSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredPolycyclic CompoundsDensity Functional TheoryPyrenesbusiness.industryGrapheneCommunicationStereoisomerismGeneral ChemistryNanostructuresSemiconductorHelicenechemistryNanoelectronicsChemical physicssymbolsDensity functional theoryGraphitebusinessRaman spectroscopyGraphene nanoribbons
researchProduct

Dynamical amplification of electric polarization through nonlinear phononics in 2D SnTe

2020

Ultrafast optical control of ferroelectricity using intense terahertz fields has attracted significant interest. Here we show that the nonlinear interactions between two optical phonons in SnTe, a two-dimensional in-plane ferroelectric material, enables a dynamical amplification of the electric polarization within subpicoseconds time domain. Our first-principles time-dependent simulations show that the infrared-active out-of-plane phonon mode, pumped to nonlinear regimes, spontaneously generates in-plane motions, leading to rectified oscillations in the in-plane electric polarization. We suggest that this dynamical control of ferroelectric material, by nonlinear phonon excitation, can be ut…

Terahertz radiationPhononPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences7. Clean energySettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceTDDFT0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceTime domain010306 general physicsPhysicsFerroelecrtricityCondensed matter physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFerroelectricityComputer Science ApplicationsPolarization densityNonlinear systemMechanics of MaterialsModeling and Simulation0210 nano-technologyUltrashort pulseExcitation
researchProduct