Search results for "ECK"

Cytoprotective and antioxidant properties of organic selenides for the myelin-forming cells, oligodendrocytes.

2018

Abstract Here a new series of twenty-one organoselenides, of potential protective activity, were synthesized and tested for their intrinsic cytotoxicity, anti-apoptotic and antioxidant capacities in oligodendrocytes. Most of the organoselenides were able to decrease the ROS levels, revealing antioxidant properties. Compounds 5b and 7b showed a high glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activities, which were 1.5 folds more active than ebselen. Remarkably, compound 5a diminished the formation of the oligodendrocytes SubG1 peak in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating its anti-apoptotic properties. Furthermore, based on the SwissADME web interface, we performed an in-silico structure-activ…

Clinical and molecular diagnosis, screening and management of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: An international consensus statement

2018

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), a human genomic imprinting disorder, is characterized by phenotypic variability that might include overgrowth, macroglossia, abdominal wall defects, neonatal hypoglycaemia, lateralized overgrowth and predisposition to embryonal tumours. Delineation of the molecular defects within the imprinted 11p15.5 region can predict familial recurrence risks and the risk (and type) of embryonal tumour. Despite recent advances in knowledge, there is marked heterogeneity in clinical diagnostic criteria and care. As detailed in this Consensus Statement, an international consensus group agreed upon 72 recommendations for the clinical and molecular diagnosis and management …

Five-year follow-up results of aerobic and impact training on bone mineral density in early breast cancer patients

2021

Summary A 12-month exercise program reversibly prevented hip bone loss in premenopausal women with early breast cancer. The bone-protective effect was maintained for 2 years after the end of the program but was lost thereafter. Purpose Breast cancer survivors are at an increased risk for osteoporosis and fracture. This 5-year follow-up of a randomized impact exercise intervention trial evaluated the maintenance of training effects on bone among breast cancer patients. Methods Five hundred seventy-three early breast cancer patients aged 35–68 years and treated with adjuvant therapy were allocated into a 12-month exercise program or a control group. Four hundred forty-four patients (77%) were…

2020

BACKGROUND Women experience drastic hormonal changes during midlife due to the menopausal transition. Menopausal hormonal changes are known to lead to bone loss and potentially also to loss of lean mass. The loss of muscle and bone tissue coincide due to the functional relationship and interaction between these tissues. If and how physical activity counteracts deterioration in muscle and bone during the menopausal transition remains partly unresolved. This study investigated differences between premenopausal, early perimenopausal, late perimenopausal, and postmenopausal women in appendicular lean mass (ALM), appendicular lean mass index (ALMI), femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) and T …

Trabectedin triggers direct and NK-mediated cytotoxicity in multiple myeloma

2019

Background Genomic instability is a feature of multiple myeloma (MM), and impairment in DNA damaging response (DDR) has an established role in disease pathobiology. Indeed, a deregulation of DNA repair pathways may contribute to genomic instability, to the establishment of drug resistance to genotoxic agents, and to the escape from immune surveillance. On these bases, we evaluated the role of different DDR pathways in MM and investigated, for the first time, the direct and immune-mediated anti-MM activity of the nucleotide excision repair (NER)-dependent agent trabectedin. Methods Gene-expression profiling (GEP) was carried out with HTA2.0 Affymetrix array. Evaluation of apoptosis, cell cyc…

Oxidative stress preconditioning of mouse perivascular myogenic progenitors selects a subpopulation of cells with a distinct survival advantage in vi…

2018

AbstractCell engraftment, survival and integration during transplantation procedures represent the crux of cell-based therapies. Thus, there have been many studies focused on improving cell viability upon implantation. We used severe oxidative stress to select for a mouse mesoangioblast subpopulation in vitro and found that this subpopulation retained self-renewal and myogenic differentiation capacities while notably enhancing cell survival, proliferation and migration relative to unselected cells. Additionally, this subpopulation of cells presented different resistance and recovery properties upon oxidative stress treatment, demonstrating select advantages over parental mesoangioblasts in …

Knockdown of hnRNPK leads to increased DNA damage after irradiation and reduces survival of tumor cells.

2017

Radiotherapy is an important treatment option in the therapy of multiple tumor entities among them head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the success of radiotherapy is limited by the development of radiation resistances. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) is a cofactor of p53 and represents a potential target for radio sensitization of tumor cells. In this study, we analyzed the impact of hnRNPK on the DNA damage response after gamma irradiation. By yH2AX foci analysis, we found that hnRNPK knockdown increases DNA damage levels in irradiated cells. Tumor cells bearing a p53 mutation showed increased damage levels and delayed repair. Knockdown of hnRNPK appl…

Growth differentiation factor 15 as a radiation-induced marker in oral carcinoma increasing radiation resistance.

2015

Background Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is involved in tumor pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study was an investigation of the potential influence of GDF15 on radioresistance of OSCC cells in vitro. Methods Oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were irradiated with 0, 2, or 6 Gy, and GDF15 expression in the supernatant per survived cell colony was examined with ELISA. Non-irradiated and OSCC cell lines irradiated with 6 Gy were evaluated for GDF15 expression using immunofluorescent staining. For further investigation of GDF15 effects on radioresistance, a GDF15 knockdown model in a human OSCC cell line was established, and apoptotic activit…

Tumour mutational burden as a biomarker for immunotherapy: Current data and emerging concepts

2020

International audience; Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1) can generate durable responses in various cancer types, but only in a subset of patients. The use of predictive biomarkers for response to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors is critical for patient selection. Expression of PD-L1 has demonstrated utility in patient selection. Tumour mutational burden (TMB) is an emerging biomarker for response to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. The evaluation of this biomarker is based on the hypothesis that a high number of mutations in somatic exonic regions will lead to an increase in neoantigen production, which could then be recognised by…

A Pan-Cancer Approach to Predict Responsiveness to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors by Machine Learning

2019

Immunotherapy by using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has dramatically improved the treatment options in various cancers, increasing survival rates for treated patients. Nevertheless, there are heterogeneous response rates to ICI among different cancer types, and even in the context of patients affected by a specific cancer. Thus, it becomes crucial to identify factors that predict the response to immunotherapeutic approaches. A comprehensive investigation of the mutational and immunological aspects of the tumor can be useful to obtain a robust prediction. By performing a pan-cancer analysis on gene expression data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, 8055 cases and 29 cancer types), we …