Search results for "Economics and Business"
showing 10 items of 4393 documents
The Path from Ethical Organisational Culture to Employee Commitment : Mediating Roles of Value Congruence and Work Engagement
2016
Following the Job Demands-Resources model’s motivational process, this study investigates the role of person-organisation fit and work engagement as mediating processes between ethical culture and employee commitment, where ethical culture is seen as an organisational resource. It was expected that the stronger the ethical values and practices are experienced to be, the more compatible employees feel with the organisation. A good person-organisation fit was further hypothesised to act as a personal job resource for the employees, who would consequently experience higher work engagement leading to stronger affective commitment and less turnover intentions. The study used questionnaire data g…
Back to Basics: The Relative Importance of Transformational and Fair Leadership for Employee Work Engagement and Exhaustion
2016
This study contributes to the literature on the supervisors’ role in employee well-being by drawing on two separate lines of research: transformational leadership and organizational justice. The purpose of the study was to investigate the unique contributions of transformational and fair leadership (justice behaviours of supervisors) on work engagement and exhaustion among employees within the framework of the Job Demands-Resources model (Bakker and Demerouti, 2007). In determining the unique contributions, we additionally acknowledged the role of work characteristics. A questionnaire study was conducted among Finnish municipal employees in a variety of occupations (N = 333, 87% women). The…
Work Schedules and Work–Family Conflict Among Dual Earners in Finland, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom
2016
Many European families are affected by the 24/7 economy, but relatively little is known about how working parents experience nonstandard hours. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible associations of dual earners’ work schedules and other work-related factors with their experience of time- and strain-based work–family conflict. These phenomena were examined among dual earners living in Finland, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom, countries that differ in working time practices and policies. Multigroup structural equation modeling was used to analyze cross-cultural data on dual earners with children aged 0 to 12 years ( N = 1,000). The results showed that working nonstandard …
Abating inequalities? : Job quality at the intersection of class and gender in Finland 1977–2013
2016
Globalization with its many side-effects on working life is seen to pose accentuated risks especially for women and low skilled workers – resulting in increasing polarization of job quality. In contrast to “universal theories”, institutional theories claim changes in work life might vary according to the institutional and cultural frameworks which mediate the global pressures of change. This study analyses job quality trends in Finland at the intersection of class and gender. The results, based on the Finnish Quality of Work Life survey (1977–2013), find no clear evidence of polarization. In line with the institutional theory’s prediction of a low risk of polarization in coordinated and in…
Developmental dynamics between young adults’ life satisfaction and engagement with studies and work
2017
The present five-wave longitudinal study investigated the cross-lagged associations between young adults’ life satisfaction and study/work engagement over the transition from post-comprehensive studies to higher education or work during the second and third decades of life. Gender, educational track, academic performance and family socioeconomic status were also examined. The study is part of the longitudinal Finnish Educational Transitions (FinEdu) study, and used data from secondary education onwards, following 821 participants from age 17 to 25. The developmental dynamics showed that, in particular, young adults’ life satisfaction predicted their study/work engagement both during their p…
Relationships Between Career Indecision, Search for Work Self-Efficacy, and Psychological Well-Being in Italian Never-Employed Young Adults.
2017
Although different studies have investigated career choices as cognitive acts of decision-making, non-cognitive components also play an important role. The study tries to develop an empirically based model of career decision-making process linking cognitive (search for work self-efficacy - SWSE) and non-cognitive (psychological well-being - PWB) components. In particular, the study investigates, among 148 never-employed Italian young adults, to what extent the relationship between SWSE and career indecision in terms of lack of readiness (LoR) can be explained by their common relationship with PWB. Results highlighted that SWSE is negatively associated with LoR when considered in absence of …
Reflecting on Work Values with Young Unemployed Adults in Finland
2019
In this article, we explore the internal conversations about the work values of young unemployed adults in Finland. We draw on the theoretical concept of internal conversation by Margaret Archer in order to shift the focus from the individual work values to the interplay between subjective concerns and structural circumstances. The data consist of six group interviews conducted among 29 young unemployed adults. We argue that the internal conversations on work values of young unemployed adults constitute five significant concerns: self-realization and opportunity to contribute to society; sufficient income to live independently; social expectations; challenges of finding employment; and unsu…
The use of social media for knowledge acquisition and dissemination in B2B companies: an empirical study of Finnish technology industries
2019
Scholars and practitioners of knowledge management have paid increasing attention to the adoption of social media in business-to-business (B2B) setting for knowledge sharing; however, both the theoretical and empirical research in this domain are quite fragmented. The aim of this research is to deepen the understanding about the B2B companies’ awareness of the potentials of social media in improving their absorptive capacity and, consequently, if and how such companies deploy knowledge strategies based on social media adoption. We carried out an empirical survey of Finnish technology companies operating purely in B2B markets. Results highlight that social media adoption is still in a prelim…
L'allocation de ressources par élève dans le système éducatif français : point de vue d'un économiste
1993
This article examines why it is interesting to have a better knowledge of unit costs in educational systems, and to analyse differences between levels of education, between schools and between countries. It underlines the fact that few studies have been carried out up to now, and that little agreement exists among specialists concerning the methodologies for estimating costs. In spite or these deficiencies in available information, the author reviews existing case studies in France and in the world, and shows that extensive possibilities of improving the cost-effectiveness of ressources allocation still exist. Comparisons between France and its economic partners show that French unit costs …
Pourquoi la science économique redécouvre les activités d'éducation ?
1993
The high level in public deficit and the preeminence of supply side ideas in the economic thought converge for introducing a debate on educational financing. The aim of education activities is also more and more confronted with the rise of youth unemployment. But on the other side, the challenge for a nation to participate in the new global economy emphasizes the place of human capital and the correlation between competitiveness, and the distribution of general knowledge in the population. This text deals first with some factual elements. On one hand, it provides a comparative approach among rich nations, on the other hand, it deals with a historical approach of the French case. In a second…