Search results for "Gauss"

showing 10 items of 701 documents

U(N) invariant dynamics for a simplified loop quantum gravity model

2011

The implementation of the dynamics in Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) is still an open problem. Here, we discuss a tentative dynamics for the simplest class of graphs in LQG: Two vertices linked with an arbitrary number of edges. We use the recently introduced U(N) framework in order to construct SU(2) invariant operators and define a global U(N) symmetry that will select the homogeneous/isotropic states. Finally, we propose a Hamiltonian operator invariant under area-preserving deformations of the boundary surface and we identify possible connections of this model with Loop Quantum Cosmology.

PhysicsSurface (mathematics)History010308 nuclear & particles physicsOpen problemFOS: Physical sciencesBoundary (topology)General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Loop quantum gravityLinear-quadratic-Gaussian control01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologySymmetry (physics)Computer Science ApplicationsEducation0103 physical sciencesddc:530Invariant (mathematics)010306 general physicsMathematical physicsLoop quantum cosmologyJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces

2001

The goal of this article is to present the relation between some differential formulas, like the Gauss integral for a link, or the integral of the Gaussian curvature on a surface, and topological invariants like the linking number or the Euler characteristic.

PhysicsSurface (mathematics)symbols.namesakeFrenet–Serret formulasGaussian integralMathematical analysisGaussian curvaturesymbolsConstant-mean-curvature surfaceDifferential geometry of curvesLinking numberDifferential (mathematics)
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Memory effects in the relaxation of the Gaussian trap model

2011

We investigate the memory effect in a simple model for glassy relaxation, a trap model with a Gaussian density of states. In this model thermal equilibrium is reached at all finite temperatures and therefore we can consider jumps from low to high temperatures in addition to the quenches usually considered in aging studies. We show that the evolution of the energy following the Kovacs-protocol can approximately be expressed as a difference of two monotonously decaying functions and thus show the existence of a so-called Kovacs hump whenever these functions are not single exponentials. It is well established that the Kovacs effect also occurs in the linear response regime and we show that mos…

PhysicsThermal equilibriumCondensed matter physicsGaussianLinear regimeFOS: Physical sciencesGaussian densityCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterExponential functionTrap (computing)symbols.namesakesymbolsRelaxation (physics)Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Sign (mathematics)
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Squeezing induced by spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking

2009

In this communication we study in depth the phenomenon of quadrature squeezing generated via spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking discussed for the first time in [1]. The idea can be put in short as follows. Consider a degenerate optical parametric oscillator (DOPO) tuned to the first family of transverse modes at the signal frequency, and having perfectly spherical mirrors. When pumped above threshold with a Gaussian beam and within a classical description, it is easy to show that a TEM 10 mode with an arbitrary orientation (measured by θ at Fig. 1) emerges at the subharmonic, hence breaking the rotational symmetry of the system in the transverse plane. Quantum effects are then quite i…

PhysicsTransverse planeAngular momentumUncertainty principleQuantum mechanicsQuantum noiseDegenerate energy levelsRotational symmetryQuantum fluctuationGaussian beam
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Topological protection of highly entangled non-Gaussian two-photon states

2021

Abstract We study theoretically the evolution of entangled non-Gaussian two-photon states in disordered topological lattices. Specifically, we consider spatially entangled two-photon states, modulated by Laguerre polynomials up to the 3rd order, which feature ring-shaped spatial and spectral correlation patterns. Such states are discrete analogs of photon-subtracted squeezed states, which are ubiquitous in optical quantum information processing or sensing applications. We find that, in general, a higher degree of entanglement coincides with a loss of topological protection against disorder, this is in line with previous results for Gaussian two-photon states. However, we identify a particul…

PhysicsTwo-photon statePhotonGaussianQuantum opticQuantum entanglementParameter spaceTopologyTopological protectionquantum photonicsGaussian stateSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materiasymbols.namesaketopological insulatorsQuantum stateTopological insulatortwo-photon lightsymbolsLaguerre polynomialsddc:621621 Angewandte PhysikQuantum
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Correlation and Spectral Properties of Vehicle-to-Vehicle Channels in the Presence of Moving Scatterers

2013

This paper derives a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) channel model assuming a typical propagation scenario in which the local scatterers move with random velocities in random directions. The complex channel gain of the proposed V2V channel model is provided. Subsequently, for different scatterer velocity distributions, the corresponding autocorrelation function (ACF), power spectral density (PSD), and the Doppler spread of the channel are derived, shown, and confirmed by the available measurement data. It is shown that the Gaussian mixture (GM) and the exponential distribution can accurately describe the velocity distribution of relatively fast and slow moving scatterers, respectively. Since the p…

PhysicsVehicular communication systemsExponential distributionComputer Networks and CommunicationsGaussianMathematical analysisAutocorrelationAerospace EngineeringSpectral densityVehicle-to-vehiclesymbols.namesakeDistribution (mathematics)Automotive EngineeringsymbolsElectronic engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCommunication channelIEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
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Fractional visco-elastic systems under normal white noise

2011

In this paper an original method is presented to compute the stochastic response of singledegree- of-freedom structural systems with viscoelastic fractional damping. The key-idea stems from observing that, based on a few manipulations involving an appropriate change of variable and a discretization of the fractional derivative operator, the equation of motion can be reverted to a coupled linear system involving additional degrees of freedom, the number of which depends on the discretization adopted for the fractional derivative operator. The method applies for fractional damping of arbitrary order a (0 < α < 1). For most common input correlation functions, including a Gaussian white noise, …

PhysicsViscoelasticity fractional calculus Gaussian white noiseMathematical analysisWhite noiseSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniViscoelasticity
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Non-classical Velocity Statistics in Counterflow Quantum Turbulence

2014

In this work we analyse the statistical distribution of turbulent superfluid velocity components in a He II counterflow channel, via two-dimensional numerical simulations pre- sented in past studies. The Probability Density Functions (PDFs) of the superfluid velocity components are investigated at lengthscales smaller than the average intervortex spacing, for varying vortex densities and different wall-normal distances. The results obtained con- firm the non-classical signature of quantum turbulence already observed in past numerical studies.

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Partial differential equationTurbulenceApplied MathematicsQuantum turbulenceNon-Gaussian velocity statisticProbability density functionMechanicsQuantum turbulenceVortexPhysics::Fluid DynamicsSuperfluidityThermal counterflowClassical mechanicsSuperfluid heliumSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaSuperfluid helium-4Acta Applicandae Mathematicae
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Fourth-order relativistic corrections to electrical first-order properties using direct perturbation theory.

2011

In this work, we present relativistic corrections to first-order electrical properties obtained using fourth-order direct perturbation theory (DPT4) at the Hartree-Fock level. The considered properties, i.e., dipole moments and electrical-field gradients, have been calculated using numerical differentiation techniques based on a recently reported DPT4 code for energies [S. Stopkowicz and J. Gauss, J. Chem. Phys. 134, 064114 (2011)]. For the hydrogen halides HX, X=F, Cl, Br, I, and At, we study the convergence of the scalar-relativistic contributions by comparing the computed DPT corrections to results from spin-free Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculations. Furthermore, since in the DPT series spin-…

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Series (mathematics)GaussGeneral Physics and AstronomyDipoleQuantum electrodynamicsQuantum mechanicsConvergence (routing)Numerical differentiationPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPerturbation theory (quantum mechanics)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryHyperfine structureThe Journal of chemical physics
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A Preliminary Analysis of a New Chandra Observation (ObsID 6148) of Cir X-1

2008

We present the preliminary spectral analysis of a 25 ks long Chandra observation of the peculiar source Cir X–1 near the periastron passage. We estimate more precise coordinates of the source compatible with the optical and radio counterpart coordinates. We detect emission lines associated to Mg XII, Si XIII, Si XIV, S XV, S XVI Ar XVII, Ar XVIII, Ca XIX, Ca XX, Fe XXV, Fe XXVI showing a redshift of 470 km s−1. The more intense emission features at 6.6 keV show a double‐peaked shape that can be modelled with two or three Gaussian lines.

PhysicsX-ray binaries Accretion and accretion disks Neutron stars Distances redshifts radial velocities; spatial distribution of galaxies Black holesX-ray binaries Accretion and accretion disks Neutron stars Distances redshifts radial velocitieGaussianX-ray binaryAstronomyAstrophysicsRedshiftPreliminary analysisRed shiftNeutron starsymbols.namesakeSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicasymbolsSpectral analysisEmission spectrumspatial distribution of galaxies Black holes
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