Search results for "INSULIN"
showing 10 items of 1360 documents
Renal Lipotoxicity-Associated Inflammation and Insulin Resistance Affects Actin Cytoskeleton Organization in Podocytes
2015
In the last few decades a change in lifestyle has led to an alarming increase in the prevalence of obesity and obesity-associated complications. Obese patients are at increased risk of developing hypertension, heart disease, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes and renal disease. The excess calories are stored as triglycerides in adipose tissue, but also may accumulate ectopically in other organs, including the kidney, which contributes to the damage through a toxic process named lipotoxicity. Recently, the evidence suggests that renal lipid accumulation leads to glomerular damage and, more specifically, produces dysfunction in podocytes, key cells that compose and maintai…
Characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus newly treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists (CHADIG Study): a cross-sectional multicentre st…
2016
Ajuda rebuda: GlaxoSmithKline Several glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1Ra) have been made recently available in Spain for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) treatment. There are no published data on the clinical and sociodemographic profile of patients initiating treatment with GLP-1Ra in Spain. Our objective was to understand these patients' characteristics in a real-world clinical practice setting. Design. Cross-sectional observational study. Setting. Spanish specialist outpatient clinics.Participants 403 adults with DM2 initiating GLP-1Ra treatment were included. Primary and secondary outcome measures Sociodemographic and DM2-related clinical data, including treatment …
A Decision Support Tool for Appropriate Glucose-Lowering Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
2015
Contains fulltext : 152084.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: Optimal glucose-lowering therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus requires a patient-specific approach. Although a good framework, current guidelines are insufficiently detailed to address the different phenotypes and individual needs of patients seen in daily practice. We developed a patient-specific decision support tool based on a systematic analysis of expert opinion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on the American Diabetes Association (ADA)/European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) 2012 position statement, a panel of 12 European experts rated the appropriateness (RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method) of tre…
Off-line control of the postprandial glycemia in type 1 diabetes patients by a fuzzy logic decision support
2012
The target of this paper is to describe the use of fuzzy techniques in the development of a decision support system that allows the optimization of postprandial glycemia in type 1 diabetes patients taking into account the kind of meal taken by patients, the preprandial glycemia and the insulin resistance (the response of the body to insulin dose injection therapy). The decision support system can, in many cases, provide patients with the correct number of rapid insulin units that must be assumed to assure an optimal glycemic profile, keeping the blood glucose level close to the homeostatic condition, several hours after the meal.
Magnesium metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance
2007
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by cellular and extracellular Mg depletion. Epidemiologic studies showed a high prevalence of hypomagnesaemia and lower intracellular Mg concentrations in diabetic subjects. Insulin and glucose are important regulators of Mg metabolism. Intracellular Mg plays a key role in regulating insulin action, insulin-mediated-glucose uptake and vascular tone. Reduced intracellular Mg concentrations result in a defective tyrosine-kinase activity, post-receptorial impairment in insulin action, and worsening of insulin resistance in diabetic patients. Mg deficit has been proposed as a possible underlying common mechanism of the "insulin resistance" of different metabolic…
Comparative characteristics of older people with type 1 diabetes treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion or insulin injection therapy :…
2019
Aim To compare clinical characteristics and outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes aged ≥ 60 years using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) vs. insulin injection therapy. Further, to determine the percentage of older adults with type 1 diabetes using CSII. Research design and methods Retrospective study using data of the Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry (DPV). Including percentage CSII use from 2008 to 2018, and the characteristics of 9547 individuals extracted from the DPV in March 2019 (N = 1404 CSII; N = 8143 insulin injection therapy). Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables to compare clinical charac…
Models for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a link with vascular risk.
2008
Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is often part of the metabolic syndrome which includes central obesity, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. In turn, NAFLD may be associated with an increased vascular risk. Several experimental models which express histological steatosis or steatohepatitis with fibrosis have been described. This review identifies those models of NAFLD with features of vascular risk.
Body mass reduction markedly improves muscle performance and body composition in obese females aged 61-75 years: comparison between the effects exert…
2004
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of a body mass reduction programme entailing diet caloric restriction and moderate physical activity with or without supplementary treatment with recombinant (r) GH or steroids to improve body composition and muscle performance in severely obese women aged 61-75 years. METHODS: Twenty women were randomly assigned to one of three groups: body mass reduction alone; body mass reduction plus rGH; body mass reduction plus nandrolone undecanoate. Body composition, isotonic muscle strength and anaerobic power output during jumping were determined before and after the 3-week period. RESULTS: Whatever the experimental group considered, body mass (P<0.01…
Isolation and colture of beta-like cells from porcine Wirsung duct
2009
We sought to develop a protocol to isolate and culture porcine Wirsung duct cells in order to determine their potency to differentiate into insulin-expressing beta-like cells. The porcine Wirsung duct isolated by a surgical microdissection was digested with collagenase P and trypsin to dissociate ductal cells. These elements were cultured in serum-free supplemented media: for 2 weeks. Thereafter the cells were exposed to varying concentrations of glucose (0, 5.6, 17.8, and 25 mmol/L) to induce a beta-like phenotype, as identified by immunohistochemical staining. Cell growth proceeded slowly for the first 2 weeks of culture. After glucose induction for 2 weeks, they formed pancreatic islet-l…
Control of ovarian steroidogenesis in insects: A locust neurohormone is active in vitro on blowfly ovaries
2009
0016-6480 doi: DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.04.034; Ovarian steroidogenesis controlling insect reproduction is mainly regulated by brain gonadotropins liberated from corpora cardiaca (CC). Till now, different neurohormones have been identified in two insect groups only, locusts and mosquitoes, and it is unknown whether they could be active in other insects. In order to complete previous observations on the control of ovarian steroidogenesis in the blowfly, Phormia regina, we examined whether neuropeptides isolated from locust CC have an effect in vitro on ovarian steroidogenesis in our dipteran model. Our experiments showed that crude extracts from locust CC efficiently stimulated steroidogene…