Search results for "IPP"
showing 10 items of 1704 documents
Sng1 associates with Nce102 to regulate the yeast Pkh–Ypk signalling module in response to sphingolipid status
2016
International audience; All cells are delimited by biological membranes, which are consequently a primary target of stress-induced damage. Cold alters membrane functionality by decreasing lipid fluidity and the activity of membrane proteins. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, evidence links sphingolipid homeostasis and membrane phospholipid asymmetry to the activity of the Ypk1/2 proteins, the yeast orthologous of the mammalian SGK1-3 kinases. Their regulation is mediated by different protein kinases, including the PDK1 orthologous Pkh1/2p, and requires the function of protein effectors, among them Nce102p, a component of the sphingolipid sensor machinery. Nevertheless, the mechanisms and the act…
Critical re-evaluation of neuroglobin expression reveals conserved patterns among mammals.
2016
Neuroglobin (Ngb) is a respiratory protein that is almost exclusively expressed in the vertebrate nervous system. Despite many years of research, the exact function and even the expression sites of Ngb are still a matter of debate. However, to investigate hypotheses surrounding the potential roles of Ngb, a detailed knowledge of its major and minor expression sites is indispensable. We have therefore evaluated Ngb expression by extensive bioinformatic analysis using publicly available transcriptome data (RNA-Seq). During mammalian brain development, we observed low embryonic expression of Ngb mRNA and an increase after birth, arguing against a role of Ngb in fetal hypoxia tolerance. In adul…
LPA1, LPA2, LPA4, and LPA6receptor expression during mouse brain development
2019
Background:LPA is a small bioactive phospholipid that acts as an extracellularsignaling molecule and is involved in cellular processes, including cell prolifera-tion, migration, and differentiation. LPA acts by binding and activating at least sixknown G protein–coupled receptors: LPA1–6. In recent years, LPA has beensuggested to play an important role both in normal neuronal development andunder pathological conditions in the nervous system. Results:We show the expression pattern of LPA receptors during mouse braindevelopment by using qRT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunocytochemistry.Only LPA1,LPA2,LPA4,and LPA6 mRNA transcripts were detected throughoutdevelopment stages from embryoni…
Semaphorins in Adult Nervous System Plasticity and Disease
2021
Semaphorins, originally discovered as guidance cues for developing axons, are involved in many processes that shape the nervous system during development, from neuronal proliferation and migration to neuritogenesis and synapse formation. Interestingly, the expression of many Semaphorins persists after development. For instance, Semaphorin 3A is a component of perineuronal nets, the extracellular matrix structures enwrapping certain types of neurons in the adult CNS, which contribute to the closure of the critical period for plasticity. Semaphorin 3G and 4C play a crucial role in the control of adult hippocampal connectivity and memory processes, and Semaphorin 5A and 7A regulate adult neuro…
Allopregnanolone augments epileptiform activity of an in-vitro mouse hippocampal preparation in the first postnatal week.
2019
Abstract In the immature brain the neurotransmitter γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) mediates a membrane depolarization and can contribute to both, inhibition and excitation. Therefore the consequences of a positive modulation of GABA(A) receptors by neurosteroids on epileptiform activity are hard to predict. In order to analyze whether neurosteroids attenuate or exaggerate epileptiform activity in the immature brain, we investigated the effect of the neurosteroid allopregnanolone on epileptiform activity in an in-toto hippocampus preparation of early postnatal mice (postnatal days 4–7) using field potential recordings. These in-vitro experiments revealed that 0.5 μmol/L allopregnanolone had no …
New functions of Semaphorin 3E and its receptor PlexinD1 during developing and adult hippocampal formation
2018
AbstractThe development and maturation of cortical circuits relies on the coordinated actions of long and short range axonal guidance cues. In this regard, the class 3 semaphorins and their receptors have been seen to be involved in the development and maturation of the hippocampal connections. However, although the role of most of their family members have been described, very few data about the participation of Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) and its receptor PlexinD1 during the development and maturation of the entorhino-hippocampal (EH) connection are available. In the present study, we focused on determining their roles both during development and in adulthood. We determined a relevant role for…
NO Hemodynamic Speed Limit for Hippocampal Neurogenesis
2019
Newborn dentate granule cells (DGCs) are continuously generated in the adult brain. The mechanism underlying how the adult brain governs hippocampal neurogenesis remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated how coupling of pre-existing neurons to the cerebrovascular system regulates hippocampal neurogenesis. Using a new in vivo imaging method in freely moving mice, we found that hippocampus-engaged behaviors, such as exploration in a novel environment, rapidly increased microvascular blood flow velocity in the dentate gyrus. Importantly, blocking this exploration-elevated blood flow dampened experience-induced hippocampal neurogenesis. By imaging the neurovascular niche in comb…
Auxiliary α2δ1 and α2δ3 Subunits of Calcium Channels Drive Excitatory and Inhibitory Neuronal Network Development
2020
VGCCs are multisubunit complexes that play a crucial role in neuronal signaling. Auxiliary α2δ subunits of VGCCs modulate trafficking and biophysical properties of the pore-forming α1 subunit and trigger excitatory synaptogenesis. Alterations in the expression level of α2δ subunits were implicated in several syndromes and diseases, including chronic neuropathic pain, autism, and epilepsy. However, the contribution of distinct α2δ subunits to excitatory/inhibitory imbalance and aberrant network connectivity characteristic for these pathologic conditions remains unclear. Here, we show that α2δ1 overexpression enhances spontaneous neuronal network activity in developing and mature cultures of …
Role of the HIPPO pathway as potential key player in the cross talk between oncology and cardiology.
2021
The HIPPO pathway (HP) is a highly conserved kinase cascade that affects organ size by regulating proliferation, cell survival and differentiation. Discovered in Drosophila melanogaster to early 2000, it immediately opened wide frontiers in the field of research. Over the last years the field of knowledge on HP is quickly expanding and it is thought will offer many answers on complex pathologies. Here, we summarized the results of several studies that have investigated HP signaling both in oncology than in cardiology field, with an overview on future perspectives in cardiology research.
Imaging biomarkers of behavioral impairments: A pilot micro-positron emission tomographic study in a rat electrical post-status epilepticus model.
2018
Objective In patients with epilepsy, psychiatric comorbidities can significantly affect the disease course and quality of life. Detecting and recognizing these comorbidities is central in determining an optimal treatment plan. One promising tool in detecting biomarkers for psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy is positron emission tomography (PET). Methods Results Behavioral and biochemical variables were cross-correlated with the results from two mu PET scans using the tracers [F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([F-18]FDG) and 2 '-methoxyphenyl-(N-2 '-pyridinyl)-p-F-18-fluoro-benzamidoethylpiperazine ([F-18]MPPF) to explore potential biomarkers for neurobehavioral comorbidities in an electrica…