Search results for "Infectious"
showing 10 items of 2953 documents
Zschokkella hildae Auerbach, 1910: phylogenetic position, morphology, and location in cultured Atlantic cod.
2010
Abstract The myxozoan Zschokkella hildae Auerbach, 1910, was detected with a prevalence of 100% in cultured Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua L. aged 1+ from a culture facility on the west coast of Scotland. Sporogonic stages of Z. hildae, plasmodia producing 2–5 mature spores, were located predominantly in the collecting ducts and ureters of the kidney, and spores were present in the urine collected from the bladder. Less frequently, plasmodia were detected in the interstitial tissue of the kidney. The parasite prevalence in cultured fish was considerably higher than reported in wild fish but no obvious signs of pathology were detected. SSU rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed that Z.…
Patterns of cercarial production from Diplostomum spathaceum: terminal investment or bet hedging?
2004
In the production of the infective cercariae of trematodes, the terminal investment hypothesis of life-history theory predicts that the rate of host exploitation and cercarial production should increase during the period of cercarial shedding since the reproductive value of the parasite decreases during this period. In contrast, a bet hedging hypothesis that focuses on the success of transmission when host contact rate is variable predicts that cercarial production should decrease in an attempt to keep the host alive for longer and thus would increase the probability of successful transmission. We examined these two hypotheses under laboratory conditions and recorded the production ofDiplos…
Cross-sectional study of parental knowledge, behaviour and anxiety in management of paediatric fever among German parents
2021
ObjectivesFever is a common symptom among children. Parental lack of knowledge about fever could cause anxiety and lead to unnecessary measures to subside fever. There is little evidence about German parents’ knowledge and their fever management.DesignA cross-sectional study using a paper-based questionnaire.Setting16 kindergartens in Saarbrücken and Saarlouis regional association accepted to participate in the study. Parents from these kindergartens were requested during the pickup time to answer the questionnaire.Participants481 German parents participated in the study, 394 of them were women. Inclusion criteria were good understanding of German and being a parent of at least one child be…
Increased Vascularity in Cervicovaginal Mucosa with Schistosoma haematobium Infection
2011
Background Close to 800 million people in the world are at risk of schistosomiasis, 85 per cent of whom live in Africa. Recent studies have indicated that female genital schistosomiasis might increase the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The aim of this study is to quantify and analyse the characteristics of the vasculature surrounding Schistosoma haematobium ova in the female genital mucosa. Methodology/Principal Findings Cervicovaginal biopsies with S. haematobium ova (n = 20) and control biopsies (n = 69) were stained with immunohistochemical blood vessel markers CD31 and von Willebrand Factor (vWF), which stain endothelial cells in capillary buds and established blo…
Confocal laser endomicroscopy is a new imaging modality for recognition of intramucosal bacteria in inflammatory bowel disease in vivo.
2011
International audience; BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Interaction of bacteria with the immune system within the intestinal mucosa plays a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the current study was to develop a fluorescein-aided confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) method to visualise intramucosal enteric bacteria in vivo and to determine the involved mucosal area in the colon and ileum in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: Initially, E coli strains expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (pEGFP) were endomicroscopically imaged in mice. In addition, ex vivo and in vivo imaging of fluorescent human enteric bacteri…
The colposcopic atlas of schistosomiasis in the lower female genital tract based on studies in Malawi, Zimbabwe, Madagascar and South Africa.
2014
Background Schistosoma (S.) haematobium is a neglected tropical disease which may affect any part of the genital tract in women. Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) may cause abnormal vaginal discharge, contact bleeding, genital tumours, ectopic pregnancies and increased susceptibility to HIV. Symptoms may mimic those typical of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and women with genital schistosomiasis may be incorrectly diagnosed. An expert consensus meeting suggested that the following findings by visual inspection should serve as proxy indicators for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis of the lower genital tract in women from S. haematobium endemic areas: sandy patches appearing as (1) …
Post vaccine acute disseminated encephalomyelitis as the first manifestation of chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in a 15-month old baby: a case r…
2014
We describe a case of a 15-month-old female child admitted to our hospital because of fever, rash, neurological signs (oscillation between states of irritability and drowsiness), palpebral edema and drooping eyelid, appeared 10 days after the vaccination for measles, mumps and rubella. Brain MRI images showed multiple bilateral hyperintense lesions in the white matter typical of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), an autoimmune demyelinating disorder with inflammatory lesions of the central nervous system, due to viral antigens or vaccines. In the mean time, because of patient's vague phenotypic manifestations, suggestive of a genetic defect, array comparative genomic hybridization…
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Schistosoma DNA in Small-Volume Urine Samples Reflects Focal Distribution of Urogenital Schistos…
2014
Schistosoma haematobium eggs and Schistosoma DNA levels were measured in urine samples from 708 girls recruited from 18 randomly sampled primary schools in South Africa. Microscopic analysis of two 10-mL urine subsamples collected on three consecutive days confirmed high day-to-day variation; 103 (14.5%) girls had positive results at all six examinations, and at least one positive sample was seen in 225 (31.8%) girls. Schistosoma-specific DNA, which was measured in a 200-μL urine subsample by using real-time polymerase chain reaction, was detected in 180 (25.4%) cases, and levels of DNA corresponded significantly with average urine egg excretion. In concordance with microscopic results, pol…
Clinical concentrations of efavirenz (EFV) reduce cellular proliferation and viability in several human cell lines
2008
Results MTT assays upon 24 h of culture in the presence of the drug revealed reduced viability in the human hepatoma cell line Hep3B (significant for all three concentrations and calculated as 84.59 ± 8.82% decrease for 50 μM EFV), human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa (71.92 ± 5.49% reduction for 50 μM EFV) and primary Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial cells (HUVEC), (96.76 ± 0.27% reduction for 50 μM EFV). This result was corroborated with 3day-proliferation experiments in which Hep3B were exposed to different concentrations of EFV; a significant reduction (60.1 ± 6.54% after 3 days) was detected with 25 μM EFV whereas cytotoxicity (97.01 ± 1.13% reduction) was observed with 50 μM, however…
Circulating immune complexes in Fièvre boutonneuse.
1985
Circulating immune complexes (CIC) occurred in 36% of a group of 25 patients with Fièvre boutonneuse. CIC were present only in the first week of the disease and there was no evidence of other humoral immunological abnormalities or alterations of the coagulation factors studied. The presence of CIC was not associated with a more severe clinical manifestation or with symptoms or tissue injuries. It is considered that CIC do not play a major role in Fièvre boutonneuse.