Search results for "Liver cirrhosis."
showing 10 items of 598 documents
The Role of Liver in Determining Serum Colon-Derived Uremic Solutes.
2015
Evidence has shown that indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) may be alternative predictors of clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Both toxins are derived from the gastrointestinal tract and metabolised in the liver. However, it is unclear whether the liver affects the production of IS and PCS. Here, we explore the association between IS and PCS levels in liver cirrhosis and a CKD-based cohort (N = 115). Liver and kidney function was assessed and classified by a Child-Pugh score (child A–C) and a modified version of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation (Stages 1–4), respectively. An animal model was also used to confirm the two toxin levels in a…
Peg-interferon alone or combined with ribavirin in HCV cirrhosis with portal hypertension:a randomized controlled trial
2007
Abstract BACKGROUND/AIMS: Risks and benefits of antiviral therapy in HCV cirrhosis with portal hypertension are poorly known. METHODS: We performed a randomized controlled trial in 102 HCV patients with compensated cirrhosis and portal hypertension: 51 received 1 microg/kg/week of Pegylated-interferon alpha-2b and 51 Pegylated-interferon plus 800 mg/day of ribavirin up to 52 weeks. RESULTS: By intention-to-treat analysis, five patients on monotherapy and eleven on combination therapy achieved a sustained virological response (9.8% vs. 21.6%, p=0.06). The response was more frequent for genotypes 2 or 3 than genotype 1 (66.6% vs. 11.3%, p=0.001). Genotype 1, who had low viral load at start of…
The duodenum in liver cirrhosis: endoscopic, morphological and clinical findings.
1991
Endoscopic studies were performed to determine whether changes occurred in the duodenum related to portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis. The total of 271 patients studied were subdivided into three groups: 83 patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, 53 with liver cirrhosis but no portal hypertension, and 135 controls. In the duodenum of cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension several changes were observed on endoscopy that were also present in the other two groups. Atrophy and vascular malformations, however, were present only in the duodenum of cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension, although in only a few patients and with statistical significance on…
Insulin resistance is a risk factor for esophageal varices in hepatitis C virus cirrhosis
2008
Indirect methods to predict the presence of esophageal varices (EV) in patients with cirrhosis are not sensitive enough to be used as a surrogate for endoscopy. We tested the effectiveness of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography and the presence of insulin resistance (IR), a marker associated with fibrosis progression, in the noninvasive prediction of portal hypertension. One hundred four consecutive patients with newly diagnosed Child A hepatitis C virus (HCV) cirrhosis underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to search for EV. Clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, ultrasonographic, and metabolic features, including IR by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA), a…
Clinical value of increased serum creatinine concentration as predictor of short-term outcome in decompensated cirrhosis
2004
The purpose of this study was to assess whether serum creatinine concentration alone or associated with other biological parameters was an independent predictor of short-term mortality in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.A total of 212 consecutive episodes of decompensated cirrhosis in patients admitted to the hospital between January 1999 and December 2001 were reviewed retrospectively. Depending on a serum creatinine concentration equal to or greater than 1.5 mg/dL at the time of admission, patients were divided into decompensated cirrhosis with renal failure (101 episodes in 59 patients, aged 69.8 +/- 10 years) and without renal failure (111 episodes in 61 patients, aged 64.5 +/- 13…
Uncommon imaging evolutions of focal liver lesions in cirrhosis.
2019
Objective: The purpose of this article is to describe and illustrate uncommon imaging evolutions of benign (i.e., cyst, hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia-like nodules, and hepatic angiomyolipoma) and malignant (i.e., HCC and non HCC malignancies) lesions in a cirrhotic liver. The content highlights relevant pathogenesis and imaging clues for proper differential diagnosis. Revision of prior imaging and knowledge of these scenarios may help the abdominal radiologist to reach a noninvasive diagnosis and direct the patient to the most appropriate clinical management. Conclusion: Uncommon imaging evolutions of focal liver lesions in cirrhosis may represent a challenge for the abdominal radio…
Hepatitis C virus eradication by direct antiviral agents abates oxidative stress in patients with advanced liver fibrosis
2020
Background and aims: HCV eradication improves non-hepatic outcomes such as cardiovascular diseases, although without clearly defined mechanisms. In this study we aimed to assess whether improvement of carotid atherosclerosis may be linked to a reduction in systemic oxidative stress after viral clearance. Methods: We studied a retrospective cohort of 105 patients (age 62.4 ± 11.2 years; 62 men) with F3/F4 fibrosis, characterized by carotid ultrasonography at baseline and at sustained virologic response (SVR) follow-up. Levels of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (F2-isoprostanes) and other oxidative stress markers were measured on frozen sera. Association between change (denoted as Δ) in oxidative str…
Efficacy of an escalating dose regimen of pegylated interferon ?-2a plus ribavirin in the early phase of HCV reinfection after liver transplantation
2007
We evaluated the safety and efficacy of an escalating dose regimen of pegylated interferon alpha-2a (PEG-IFN(alpha-2a)) and ribavirin in the early phase of recurrent hepatitis C after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). In this prospective study, 26 patients transplanted for hepatitis C virus cirrhosis with recurrent hepatitis C were treated 3.4 +/- 3.6 months after OLT and compared with an untreated historical control. PEG-IFN(alpha-2a) was initiated as monotherapy, following stepwise dose escalation up to 180 mug/week and the addition of ribavirin up to 1200 mg/day or maximally tolerated doses for 48 weeks. In the intent-to-treat analysis, 38% showed an early virological response (EVR…
Association Between Serum Levels of Neurofilament Light Chains and Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis.
2021
INTRODUCTION: Serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) in patients with liver cirrhosis would be desirable. In this proof-of-concept study, we investigated the association between MHE and serum levels of neurofilament light chains (sNfL) in patients with liver cirrhosis. METHODS: sNfL were studied in patients with liver cirrhosis (with or without MHE) and controls (patients with ischemic stroke, transitory ischemic attack, and healthy individuals). MHE was diagnosed using the Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score. RESULTS: Patients with MHE showed higher sNfL than patients without MHE and controls. In multivariable analyses, higher sNfL were independent…
Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy in patients with cirrhosis: Extending the range of detection beyond portal hypertension
2010
Background: Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy is currently recommended for the screening of varices in cirrhosis. In addition to the assessment of varices, oesophagogastroduodenoscopy can detect conditions that, while unrelated to portal hypertension, may require treatment. Aims: We evaluated in a large cohort of cirrhotic patients the prevalence of upper digestive findings other than oesophagogastric varices, the associations between upper gastrointestinal findings, portal hypertension and features of cirrhosis, and the incidence of new lesions in the course of a surveillance program. Methods: Analysis of the records of 611 consecutive cirrhotic patients undergoing oesophagogastroduodenoscopy fo…