Search results for "Markers"
showing 10 items of 3115 documents
Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: an update.
2015
Liver transplantation is the only curative alternative for selected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are not eligible for resection and/or with decompensated cirrhosis. According to Milan criteria the 5-year survival rate is 70–85%, with a recurrence-free survival of 75%. However, HCC recurrence rate after liver transplantation remains a significant problem in the clinical practice. The prognosis in patients with HCC recurrence is poor. The treatment of choice for HCC recurrence is surgery, but it seems that a systemic treatment based on combination of an mTOR inhibitor with sorafenib can be used. Data on safety and efficacy are limited, clinical monitoring is necessary. Th…
Biomarkers to disclose recent intake of alcohol: potential of 5-hydroxytryptophol glucuronide testing using new direct UPLC-tandem MS and ELISA metho…
2007
Aims: This study compared two new methods for direct determination of 5-hydroxytryptophol glucuronide (GTOL) in urine, a biomarker for detection of recent alcohol consumption. Methods: Urine samples were collected from ten alcoholic patients during recovery from intoxication. A direct injection ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for measurement of the urinary GTOL to 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) ratio, and an ELISA assay for direct measurement of GTOL, were used. Comparison was made with the urinary ethanol and ethyl glucuronide (EtG) concentrations. Results: The breath ethanol concentration on admission ranged between 1.0-3.1 g/l. Th…
Estimation of alcohol consumption during >Fallas> festivity in the wastewater of Valencia city (Spain) using ethyl sulfate as a biomarker
2016
Alcohol consumption has been increasing in the last years and it has become a sociological problem due its derived health and safety problems. Ethyl sulfate is a secondary metabolite of the alcohol degradation that is excreted through the urine (0.010-0.016%) after alcohol ingestion and it is quite stable in water. In this study, a new methodology to determine ethyl sulfate by ion-pair liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed. Different ion-pairs and additives were tested directly in the sample extracts or in the mobile phase. The best ion-pair was set up adding 0.5M of tributylamine and 0.1% of formic acid to the sample. The limit of quantification was 0.3μgL…
Respiratory Effects of Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollutants During Exercise
2020
Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is increasing worldwide. Habitual physical activity is known to prevent cardiorespiratory diseases and mortality, but whether exposure to TRAP during exercise affects respiratory health is still uncertain. Exercise causes inflammatory changes in the airways, and its interaction with the effects of TRAP or ozone might be detrimental, for both athletes exercising outdoor and urban active commuters. In this Mini-Review, we summarize the literature on the effects of exposure to TRAP and/or ozone during exercise on lung function, respiratory symptoms, performance, and biomarkers. Ozone negatively affected pulmonary function after exercise, especially after co…
Prognostic significance of surrogate measures for forced vital capacity in an elderly population.
2009
Objectives To evaluate whether measures easier to obtain than the FVC can substitute it as a prognostic marker in elderly people. Design Prospective, observational study. Setting Community. Participants Outpatients (n = 1485) aged 73.4 years (SD: 6.2 range 65–98) enrolled in the Salute Respiratoria nell'Anziano (SaRA) study. Measurements We calculated the risk for mortality associated with a reduction below 80% of the predicted FVC, of the forced expiratory volume at 6 seconds (FEV6), and of a surrogate measure for forced vital capacity (SFVC), defined as the largest volume exhaled in 2 forced maneuvers regardless of its duration and of the presence of plateau. Results Among the 907 partici…
Monitoring response to treatment in asthma management: food for thought
2004
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that is characterized by episodic symptoms. In this regard, asthma management has classically involved periodic re-assessment by the health-care provider, during which therapy is altered mainly based on clinical and physiological parameters, such as assessment of symptoms, spirometry and peak expiratory flow monitoring. In this context, various markers of airway inflammation (e.g. eosinophils in the induced sputum, nitric oxide in the exhaled air) have been proposed to assess the severity of asthma and to adjust the therapy accordingly. The evaluation of airway hyper-responsiveness with different stimuli has also been suggested as a n…
The Molecular Basis of X-Linked Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Tarda
2001
The X-linked form of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDL), a radiologically distinct skeletal dysplasia affecting the vertebrae and epiphyses, is caused by mutations in the SEDL gene. To characterize the molecular basis for SEDL, we have identified the spectrum of SEDL mutations in 30 of 36 unrelated cases of X-linked SEDL ascertained from different ethnic populations. Twenty-one different disease-associated mutations now have been identified throughout the SEDL gene. These include nonsense mutations in exons 4 and 5, missense mutations in exons 4 and 6, small (2–7 bp) and large (>1 kb) deletions, insertions, and putative splicing errors, with one splicing error due to a complex deleti…
Genetic contribution in sporadic thoracic aortic aneurysm? Emerging evidence of genetic variants related to TLR-4-mediated signaling pathway as risk …
2015
Abstract Sporadic thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) and dissections are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in those older than 65 years. The presentation of TAA is varied and often silent. Thus, sporadic TAA detection is often fortuitous, with identification occurring during a routine physical examination or during an unrelated medical evaluation. Once suspected, confirmation by imaging clinical approaches is needed to allow the choose of the unique treatments for TAA, namely the surgery procedures, including elective surgery or endovascular repair before the onset of catastrophic and fatal complications, such as dissection or rupture. At present, there a…
The value of Phosphohistone H3 as a cell proliferation marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma. A comparative study with Ki-67 and the mitotic activit…
2022
The Phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) antibody is recognized as a biomarker of cell proliferation, specific for cells in mitosis, of prognostic value in different malignant neoplasms, however it has been poorly studied in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of the PHH3 in the OSCC, through the correlation with the immunoexpression of Ki-67, the mitotic activity index (MAI), histological grading, clinical-morphological parameters and the rate of survival. The study sample consisted of 62 cases of OSCC diagnosed in the Pathological Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Republic (Uruguay). In each of them…
The pathology of bladder cancer: An update on selected issues
2006
OBJECTIVE: To achieve a closer relationship between urologists and pathologists and to use a common language and identical objectives in the pathology of bladder cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS: Special emphasis was given to an analysis of the new World Health Organization (WHO) grading system, to the interpretation of the last Tumour-Nodes-Metastasis staging rules, and to identifying new markers of prognostic significance in clinical practice. A consensus was achieved on the main points. CONCLUSIONS: The 2004 WHO grading system must become acceptable to clinicians, perhaps by a minimal modification of the present terminology. Simple transurethral resection-biopsy should be expressed in terms o…