Search results for "Mechanical Engineering & Transports"

Anisotropy in strain gradient elasticity: Simplified models with different forms of internal length and moduli tensors

2018

Abstract Anisotropy of centro-symmetric (first) strain gradient elastic materials is addressed and the role there played by the dual gradient directions (i.e. directions of strain gradient and of double stress lever arm) is investigated. Anisotropy manifests itself not only through the classical fourth-rank elasticity tensor C (21 independent constants) in the form of moduli anisotropy, but also through a sixth-rank elasticity tensor B (171 independent constants) in a unified non-separable form as compound internal length/moduli anisotropy. Depending on the microstructure properties, compound anisotropy may also manifest itself in a twofold separable form through a decoupled tensor B = L C …

Independent friction-restitution approach to analyze anomalies in normal kinematic restitution in oblique impact

2021

Abstract Oblique impact between rigid bodies is usually described in terms of the coefficients of normal and tangential restitution. When the contact between bodies occurs under elasto-plastic conditions, the normal coefficient of restitution can be ordinarily taken as essentially constant. Several anomalous results reported by Louge and Adams (Anomalous behavior of normal kinematic restitution in the oblique impacts of a hard sphere on an elasto-plastic plate. Phys. Rev. E 65 (2002) 021303), however denoted a significant variation of this coefficient with the incidence angle under certain conditions. This anomalous behavior is interpreted here within the independent friction and restitutio…

Stochastic Analysis of a Nonlocal Fractional Viscoelastic Bar Forced by Gaussian White Noise

2017

Recently, a displacement-based nonlocal bar model has been developed. The model is based on the assumption that nonlocal forces can be modeled as viscoelastic (VE) long-range interactions mutually exerted by nonadjacent bar segments due to their relative motion; the classical local stress resultants are also present in the model. A finite element (FE) formulation with closed-form expressions of the elastic and viscoelastic matrices has also been obtained. Specifically, Caputo's fractional derivative has been used in order to model viscoelastic long-range interaction. The static and quasi-static response has been already investigated. This work investigates the stochastic response of the non…

An extended Ritz formulation for buckling and post-buckling analysis of cracked multilayered plates

2018

Abstract An extended Ritz formulation for the analysis of buckling and post-buckling behaviour of cracked composite multilayered plates is presented. The formulation is based on: (i) the First-order Shear Deformation Theory to model the mechanics of the multilayered plate; (ii) the von Karman’s theory to account for geometric non-linearities ; (iii) the use of an extended set of approximating functions able to model the presence of an embedded or edge crack and to capture the crack opening fields as well as the global behaviour within a single cracked domain. The numerical results of the buckling analyses and the equilibrium paths in the post-buckling regime are compared with the results fr…

Identification of Bending Modes of Vibration in Rails by a Laser Doppler Vibrometer on a Moving Platform

2020

This paper introduces a method to identify the bending modes of vibration of railway tracks by using a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) mounted on a moving platform. Two sets of experiments were conducted at Transportation Technology Center Inc. (TTCI) in Pueblo Colorado, in order to validate the proposed method. First, the bending vibration modes were identified using the signals collected from a rail span (rail section between two consecutive sleepers) by accelerometers under moving car excitation. Then, vibration measurements from rail spans were obtained by using an LDV mounted on the moving railcar. All tests were carried out at four different rail car speeds: 8 km/h (5 mph), 16 km/h (10…

A micromorphic approach to stress gradient elasticity theory with an assessment of the boundary conditions and size effects

2018

Fractional-Order Theory of Thermoelasticity. II: Quasi-Static Behavior of Bars

2018

This work aims to shed light on the thermally-anomalous coupled behavior of slightly deformable bodies, in which the strain is additively decomposed in an elastic contribution and in a thermal part. The macroscopic heat flux turns out to depend upon the time history of the corresponding temperature gradient, and this is the result of a multiscale rheological model developed in Part I of the present study, thereby resembling a long-tail memory behavior governed by a Caputo's fractional operator. The macroscopic constitutive equation between the heat flux and the time history of the temperature gradient does involve a power law kernel, resulting in the anomaly mentioned previously. The interp…

Population dynamics based on ladder bosonic operators

2021

Abstract We adopt an operatorial method, based on truncated bosons, to describe the dynamics of populations in a closed region with a non trivial topology. The main operator that includes the various mechanisms and interactions between the populations is the Hamiltonian, constructed with the density and transport operators. The whole evolution is derived from the Schrodinger equation, and the densities of the populations are retrieved from the normalized expected values of the density operators. We show that this approach is suitable for applications in very large domain, solving the computational issues that typically occur when using an Hamiltonian based on fermionic ladder operators.

Risk of failure for the salso river railroad steel bridge

2020

Abstract The degradation state of railroad steel bridges is one of the most important and difficult aspects to be interpreted. The use of steel bridges started from 1900, and they are still in service today as railroad bridges. The case study examined was that of a bridge railroad steel bridge having a total length of 112 m and constituted by three isostatic, reticular beams having a Pratt type composition. The substructures (two shoulders and two intermediate piles) are in masonry with a reinforced concrete beam in the upper portion. The structure (steel bridge and piers) is in a degraded state. To determine the degradation level, non-destructive and partially destructive tests were carrie…

A reliable incremental method of computing the limit load in deformation plasticity based on compliance : Continuous and discrete setting

2016

The aim of this paper is to introduce an enhanced incremental procedure that can be used for the numerical evaluation and reliable estimation of the limit load. A conventional incremental method of limit analysis is based on parametrization of the respective variational formulation by the loading parameter ? ? ( 0 , ? l i m ) , where ? l i m is generally unknown. The enhanced incremental procedure is operated in terms of an inverse mapping ? : α ? ? where the parameter α belongs to ( 0 , + ∞ ) and its physical meaning is work of applied forces at the equilibrium state. The function ? is continuous, nondecreasing and its values tend to ? l i m as α ? + ∞ . Reduction of the problem to a finit…