Search results for "Mental disorder"
showing 10 items of 1586 documents
A controlled family study in panic disorder.
1993
Abstract There are only a few family studies in panic disorder. Although there is some evidence that panic disorder is familial, the exact figures of the familial risk for this disorder are at variance across different studies; the impact of comorbidity and of the gender of relatives is also unclear. Family studies in panic disorder controlling for the comorbidity in probands are therefore indicated. This study presents the morbid risks in families of 40 “pure” panic disorder probands (DSM-III-R) without a history of psychotic disorders, major depression or alcoholism compared with families of 80 controls recruited in the general population. The relative frequency of panic disorder (DSM-III…
Psychiatric diagnosis in primary care patients with increased depressive symptoms.
2019
Screening of depression has been recommended in primary care and Beck's 21-item Depression Inventory (BDI-21) is a commonly used tool for screening. Depression has been shown to be frequently accompanied by comorbidities.This study aimed to analyze the characteristics, psychiatric diagnoses, and psychiatric comorbidity of primary care patients who have been screened for depression and referred to a depression nurse.The study subjects were primary care patients aged ≥ 35 years with depressive symptoms (BDI-21 9). Their psychiatric diagnosis were based on a diagnostic interview (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview; M.I.N.I.) conducted by a trained study nurse.Of the 705 study subje…
One-year follow-up of panic disorder. Outcome and prognostic factors.
1988
A 1-year follow-up study was carried out in 77 patients with panic attacks (panic disorder). Of these patients 43% were remitted; avoidance behaviour and chronic anxiety were more persistent than panic attacks within the 1-year period. The main predictor for features of anxiety in the follow-up was avoidance behaviour. The most prominent prognostic factor for features of depression was the history of previous depressive episodes. Female patients had a poorer outcome than male patients.
Latencies of the P300 component of the auditory event-related potential in depression are related to the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale but not to …
1991
The relationship between severity of depression and the P300 latency of auditory event-related potential was investigated in 36 patients with a major depressive episode according to DSM-III. Positive correlations were found between of the P300 latency and the total score of the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (BRMS), the 4 retardation items of the BRMS (motor, verbal, intellectual and emotional) and the item for lowered mood. In contrast, latencies were not associated with the scores of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, which considers retardation to a lesser extent than the BRMS.
Internal and external validity of the WHO Well-Being Scale in the elderly general population
1999
The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the validity of the WHO Well-Being Scale in elderly subjects and (ii) to assess the influence of demographic variables on subjective quality of life. A sample of 254 elderly subjects completed the 22-item WHO Well-Being Scale. The scale had an adequate internal and external validity. However, the short 10-item and 5-item versions were equally valid. Low scores indicating decreased well-being were related to the presence of a psychiatric disorder or, independently, to poor living conditions. The Well-Being Scale and their short versions would appear to be useful instruments for identifying subjects with reduced subjective quality of life.
The Calgary Depression Rating Scale for schizophrenia in a healthy control group: Psychometric properties and reference values
2005
Abstract Background Assessment of depression in schizophrenia is of great importance as depressive signs and symptoms and suicidality are highly prevalent in patients with schizophrenic disorders. The Calgary Depression Rating Scale (CDSS) is the standard assessment instrument for that purpose due to its proven reliability and validity. However, so far no reference values derived from an adequate healthy sample have been published. Methods The present study analyzed CDSS item scores and summary scores in 154 healthy subjects (49% female, mean age 32.8 ± 11.7 years) selected from studies as controls for schizophrenic patients. Results The total CDSS score was 2.6 ± 2.7 (range 0–12), about 1/…
Utility of the PHQ-9 to identify major depressive disorder in adult patients in Spanish primary care centres.
2017
Abstract Background The prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in Spanish primary care (PC) centres is high. However, MDD is frequently underdiagnosed and consequently only some patients receive the appropriate treatment. The present study aims to determine the utility of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to identify MDD in a subset of PC patients participating in the large PsicAP study. Methods A total of 178 patients completed the full PHQ test, including the depression module (PHQ-9). Also, a Spanish version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) was implemented by clinical psychologists that were blinded to the PHQ-9 results. We evaluat…
A contribution to the clinical characterization of Internet addiction in a sample of treatment seekers: validity of assessment, severity of psychopat…
2014
Abstract Objective Internet addiction becomes a growing health problem worldwide with prevalence rates up to 3%. Still, uncertainties exist regarding its diagnostics and clinical characterization. Especially the lacking clinical evidence regarding self-report measures assessing Internet addiction has been criticized. Methods This study aimed to characterize 290 German treatment seekers and to determine the diagnostic accuracy of a self-report scale for Internet addiction. Patients filled in self-report measures (SCL-90R, PHQ, AICA-S – Scale for the Assessment of Internet and Computer game Addiction) and underwent diagnostic interviews to assess symptoms of Internet addiction and level of fu…
Differentiating moderate and severe depression using the Montgomery–Åsberg depression rating scale (MADRS)
2003
MADRS cut-off scores for moderate and severe depression were estimated in relation to the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD(17)) and the Clinical Global Impressions Scale (CGI).HAMD(17), MADRS, and CGI ratings from patients with major depression (DSM-IV) were analyzed (N=85). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were applied.Mean age was 51.4+/-14.5 years, 69% were female. Mean MADRS scores were 23.4+/-13.2, HAMD(17), MADRS, and CGI scores were highly correlated (r0.85; P0.0001). Best separation between moderate and severe depression according to CGI criteria was achieved with a MADRS score of 31 (sensitivity 93.5%, specificity 83.3%).Studies to validate severity gradations …
High Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Emotional Distress in Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria
2011
Quality of life, which is impaired in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), is influenced by comorbid mental disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and spectrum of mental disorders and to determine levels of emotional distress in patients with CSU. One hundred patients with CSU were investigated for mental disorders (by specialized diagnostic interviews and psychometric instruments), levels of emotional distress (by the Global Severity Index of the Symptom Check List; SCL-90R GSI) and underlying causes of their urticaria (by dermatological assessment). Forty-eight percent of patients with CSU were diagnosed with one or more psychosomatic disorders; most c…