Search results for "Metallurgy"

showing 10 items of 1419 documents

Non-destructive Approach to Multilayer Objects: XRF Analysis of Gilt and Enamelled Metals of the Medieval Cross of Rosciolo

2013

Abstract The penetration of X-rays is usually a limitation to the application of XRF analysis to multilayered materials, however it is possible, by software tools based on the fundamental parameters method, to overcome this problem and estimate thickness and composition of each layer. The cross of Rosciolo is a significant example of multilayer object: it is made of a wood core with attached gilt silver sheets and decorated with enamels. Measurements were carried out in situ and the PyMCA software was employed. The values of gilding thickness, Au/Hg ratios and Cu content in the silver sheets, and enamel's composition are discussed.

Materials scienceChemistry(all)Enamel paintenamels; fundamental parameter; gilt silver; medieval processional cross; multilayered materials; x-ray fluorescenceMetallurgyGildingX-ray fluorescenceX-ray fluorescenceGeneral MedicineFundamental parameterEnamelsGilt silverMultilayered materialsvisual_artNon destructiveChemical Engineering(all)Forensic engineeringvisual_art.visual_art_mediumfundamental parametersMedieval processional crossProcedia Chemistry
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Improvement of the electrochemical behaviour of Zn-electroplated steel using regenerated Cr(III) passivation baths

2014

[EN] Conversion coatings based on trivalent chromium are more sensitive to the presence of zinc and iron impurities than the chromate formulations. This fact contributes to a decrease in the quality of passivation and to the generation of a significant amount of hazardous liquid waste. Recently, a new eco-innovative process based on Emulsion Pertraction Technology (EPT) is being implemented at industrial scale for selectively removing Zn and Fe from spent passivation baths in order to enhance the lifetime of the Cr (III) baths. In this study, the effect of Zn and Fe removal on the electrochemical behaviour of Zn-electroplated steel samples was evaluated by means of polarisation curves and e…

Materials scienceChromate conversion coatingPassivationTrivalent chromiumApplied MathematicsGeneral Chemical EngineeringMetallurgychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryZincElectrochemistry6. Clean waterIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringINGENIERIA QUIMICADielectric spectroscopyElectroquímicaChromiumchemistryPassivation bathsConversion coatingZn-electroplated steelAcer CorrosióElectroplatingEmulsion Pertraction Technology
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Pulsed laser deposition of Sr2FeMoO6 thin films

2005

Abstract The effect of various deposition conditions and after-growth protocols on the magnetic and transport properties of Sr 2 FeMoO 6 films has been explored. It is found that the saturation magnetization and the magnetoresistance (MR) are dominated by the degree of cationic order, and the strain effects are clearly evidenced in a lower T C . The after-growth annealing of the films and the deposition of a buffer layer has been found to relax the film strains. This translates into a clear increase of the measured low-field magnetoresistance ratios.

Materials scienceColossal magnetoresistanceCondensed matter physicsMagnetoresistanceAnnealing (metallurgy)Cationic polymerizationDouble perovskiteThin filmCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPulsed laser depositionJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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Synthesis of nanostructured amorphous carbon-copper composite films by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition

2016

Abstract Nanostructured amorphous carbon-copper composite films were formed by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition. The formation was done on copper-silicon substrates at 25 °C, 300 °C, 520 °C, and 700 °C temperatures using an acetylene gas at 40–70 Pa pressure. The heating of the Cu Si substrate induced formation of Cu nanospheres with 50–500 nm size depending on the substrate temperature. The microstructure and composition of nanostructured carbon-copper composite films were investigated. The SEM views showed formation of amorphous carbon films with the randomly distributed nanostructures. The oxygen concentration in the composite films decreased with the increased heating temperat…

Materials scienceComposite numberMetallurgyMetals and AlloysSubstrate (chemistry)02 engineering and technologySurfaces and InterfacesChemical vapor deposition010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidCarbon filmAmorphous carbonChemical engineeringMaterials ChemistrySurface roughnessGraphite0210 nano-technologyThin Solid Films
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Mechanical behavior of polylactic acid/polycaprolactone porous layered functional composites

2016

Abstract Biopolymeric porous devices exhibiting graded properties can play a crucial role in several fields, such as tissue engineering or controlled drugs release. In this context, the gradient of a specific property can be achieved by developing porous laminates composed by different types of materials. This work presents for the first time a multi-phasic porous laminate based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and polylactic acid (PLA) prepared by combining melt mixing, compression molding and particle leaching. All the materials were characterized from a morphological and a mechanical point of view. The results put into evidence the possibility to tune and to predict the mechanical properties by…

Materials scienceCompression moldingCompression moldingFunctionally graded materialCeramics and Composite02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesControlled drugsIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringchemistry.chemical_compoundLayered structurePolylactic acidTissue engineeringAdhesion; Compression molding; Functionally graded materials; Layered structures; Mechanical properties; Ceramics and Composites; Mechanics of Materials; Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering; Mechanical EngineeringMechanics of MaterialComposite materialPorosityMelt mixingMechanical Engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical scienceschemistryMechanics of MaterialsPolycaprolactoneCeramics and CompositesAdhesionLeaching (metallurgy)0210 nano-technologyMechanical propertie
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Numerical simulation of linear fiction welding (LFW) processes

2011

Solid state welding processes are becoming increasingly important due to a large number of advantages related to joining ''unweldable'' materials and in particular light weight alloys. Linear friction welding (LFW) has been used successfully to bond non-axisymmetric components of a range of materials including titanium alloys, steels, aluminum alloys, nickel, copper, and also dissimilar material combinations. The technique is useful in the research of quality of the joints and in reducing costs of components and parts of the aeronautic and automotive industries.LFW involves parts to be welded through the relative reciprocating motion of two components under an axial force. In such process t…

Materials scienceComputer simulationLFW FEM AISI 1045 steelMetallurgyMechanical engineeringTitanium alloyWeldingFinite element methodlaw.inventionMaterial flowReciprocating motionlawThermomechanical processingFriction weldingSettore ING-IND/16 - Tecnologie E Sistemi Di Lavorazione
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On the Solid Bonding Phenomena in Linear Friction Welding and Accumulative Roll Bonding Processes: Numerical Simulation Insights

2015

Solid Bonding based welding processes allow to obtain defect free joints with low residual stress and low distortion. However, the engineering and optimization of solid bonding processes is difficult and requires a large number of time and cost consuming test trials. In this way, proper numerical models are essential tools permitting effective process design. The aim of this research was the comparison of the material process conditions during two different manufacturing processes taking advantage of the same metallurgical phenomenon, namely solid bonding. Linear Friction Welding, used to weld non-axisymmetric components and Accumulative Roll Bonding, used to increase the mechanical propert…

Materials scienceComputer simulationMechanical EngineeringMetallurgyMechanical engineeringProcess designWeldingForgingFinite element methodlaw.inventionAccumulative roll bondingMechanics of MaterialslawResidual stressGeneral Materials ScienceFriction weldingKey Engineering Materials
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Metallurgical Evolutions in Hot Forging of Dual Phase Titanium Alloys: Numerical Simulation and Experiments

2015

Titanium forging has been encountering a growing interest in the scientific and industrial communities because of the distinct advantages it provides with respect to machining, in terms of both mechanical properties of the product and material waste, thus significantly reducing the Buy to Fly ratio. In the paper, a numerical FE model, based on a tri-coupled approach and able to predict the microstructural evolutions of the workpiece during the process, is developed and set up. Calculated results are compared to experiments for a few industrial case studies. The final phases distribution in the forged parts is experimentally measured and compared to the FE model output finding satisfying ove…

Materials scienceComputer simulationMechanical EngineeringMetallurgychemistry.chemical_elementTitanium alloyMechanical engineeringStrength of materialsForgingFinite element methodchemistryMachiningMechanics of MaterialsPhase (matter)General Materials ScienceTitaniumKey Engineering Materials
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Reduction of low-frequency 1/f noise in Al-AlOx-Al tunnel junctions by thermal annealing

2010

We report that annealing Al-AlOx-Al tunnel junctions in a vacuum chamber at temperature of 400C reduces the characteristic 1/f noise in the junctions, in some cases by an order of magnitude. Both ultra high vacuum and high vacuum fabricated samples demonstrated a significant reduction in the 1/f noise level. Temperature dependence of the noise was studied between 4.2 and 340 Kelvin, with a linear dependence below 100 K, but a faster increase above. The results are consistent with a model where the density of charge trapping two level-systems within the tunneling barrier is reduced by the annealing process.

Materials scienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Condensed matter physicsAnnealing (metallurgy)Ultra-high vacuumchemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyTrappingLow frequency021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural scienceschemistryAluminiumCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Vacuum chamber010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyQuantum tunnellingOrder of magnitude
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Polymerization and Damage of C60 Single Crystals under Low Fluency Laser Irradiation

2001

Photo-induced hardening, substructure formation and damage of C 60 single crystals under the 632.8 nm He-Ne laser irradiation in air at a power density of 1.47 mW/mm 2 was investigated by microhardness and AFM methods. Photo-induced formation of the dislocation substructure and crystallographically oriented crack patterns on the (111) face due to lattice contraction on polymerization were observed. Two phototransformed states: soft (400-450 MPa) and hard (650-1000 MPa) are found to appear under laser-irradiation. Hard fullerite is created in the subsurface layer < 1 μm at the saturation stage of phototransformation. It softens to 400-450 MPa at 340 K and reverts to non-polymerized state at …

Materials scienceCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserIndentation hardnessElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionCrystallographyPolymerizationlawHardening (metallurgy)SubstructureIrradiationComposite materialDislocationPower densityphysica status solidi (a)
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