Search results for "Mission"

showing 10 items of 5334 documents

Transition-Edge Sensors for Particle Induced X-ray Emission Measurements

2013

In this paper we present a new measurement setup, where a transitionedge sensor detector array is used to detect X-rays in particle induced X-ray emission measurements with a 2 MeV proton beam. Transition-edge sensors offer orders of magnitude improvement in energy resolution compared to conventional silicon or germanium detectors, making it possible to recognize spectral lines in materials analysis that have previously been impossible to resolve, and to get chemical information from the elements. Our sensors are cooled to the operation temperature (65 mK) with a cryogen-free adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator, which houses a specially designed X-ray snout that has a vacuum tight window…

Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsMaterials scienceProtonPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsOrders of magnitude (temperature)FOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumRadiationSpectral lineOpticsGeneral Materials Scienceparticle induced X-ray emission (PIXE)Emission spectrumbusiness.industryDetectorInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)transition-edge sensorCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFull width at half maximumchemistryPhysics - Accelerator PhysicsbusinessTESJournal of Low Temperature Physics
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Spectral and timing properties of IGR J00291+5934 during its 2015 outburst

2016

We report on the spectral and timing properties of the accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar IGR J00291+5934 observed by XMM-Newton and NuSTAR during its 2015 outburst. The source is in a hard state dominated at high energies by a comptonization of soft photons ($\sim0.9$ keV) by an electron population with kT$_e\sim30$ keV, and at lower energies by a blackbody component with kT$\sim0.5$ keV. A moderately broad, neutral Fe emission line and four narrow absorption lines are also found. By investigating the pulse phase evolution, we derived the best-fitting orbital solution for the 2015 outburst. Comparing the updated ephemeris with those of the previous outbursts, we set a $3��$ confidence leve…

AccretionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciencesPulsar0103 physical sciencesneutron; X-rays: binaries; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science [Accretion; Accretion discs; Stars]Emission spectrumSpectroscopy010303 astronomy & astrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsAccretion (meteorology)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicOrbital periodX-rays: binarieStars: neutronNeutron starAmplitude13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary ScienceAccretion discAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaEnergy (signal processing)Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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INTEGRAL observations of the peculiar BeX System SAX J2103.5+4545

2004

We present an INTEGRAL data analysis of the X-ray transient \object{SAX J2103.5+4545} during two outbursts detected in December 2002. The INTEGRAL coordinates and error circle agree with the position of the recently proposed optical counterpart. A power-law plus cut-off model provided a good fit to the 4-150 keV spectrum yielding a photon index of 1.0+-0.1, a cut-off energy E_cut=7.6+-2.0 keV and a folding energy E_fold=30.9+-2.5 keV. The X-ray luminosity in the 4-150 keV energy range was found to be 6.0x10^36 erg/s, assuming a distance of 6.5 kpc. This luminosity, together with the derived photon index, indicate that the source is in a bright state. A 354.9$+-0.5 second pulse period is mea…

AccretionPhotonAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesValue (computer science)AstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAAstrophysicsLuminosityPulse periodPosition (vector)X-raysBright statePhysicsRange (particle radiation)Astrophysics (astro-ph)BinariesSAX J2103.5+4545 [Pulsars]BeAstronomy and Astrophysics:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia [UNESCO]Space and Planetary ScienceAccretion disksUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogoniaEmission-lineAccretion ; Accretion disks ; Binaries ; Emission-line ; Be ; Pulsars : SAX J2103.5+4545 ; X-rays ; Binaries:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]Energy (signal processing)Astronomy & Astrophysics
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Redshifted X-rays from the material accreting onto TW Hya: evidence of a low-latitude accretion spot

2017

High resolution spectroscopy, providing constraints on plasma motions and temperatures, is a powerful means to investigate the structure of accretion streams in CTTS. In particular, the accretion shock region, where the accreting material is heated to temperatures of a few MK as it continues its inward bulk motion, can be probed by X-ray spectroscopy. To attempt to detect for the first time the motion of this X-ray-emitting post-shock material, we searched for a Doppler shift in the deep Chandra/HETGS observation of the CTTS TW Hya. This test should unveil the nature of this X-ray emitting plasma component in CTTS, and constrain the accretion stream geometry. We searched for a Doppler shift…

AccretionTechniques: spectroscopicFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica0103 physical sciencesTW HydraeX-rays: starEmission spectrumSpectroscopy010303 astronomy & astrophysicsStars: variables: T TauriSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)PhysicsPhotosphereLine-of-sight010308 nuclear & particles physicsHerbig Ae/BeAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicRedshiftAccretion (astrophysics)T Tauri starAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAccretion diskSpace and Planetary ScienceStars: pre-main sequence
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A comparative study on sample preparation procedures for supplementary foods by ICP-OES: Green chemistry considerations

2015

An inductively coupled plasma optical emission (ICP-OES) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of major, minor and trace elements in food. Preliminary studies focused on selecting suitable operational conditions in order to provide the highest sensitivity and to maximize the number of analytes to be determined without spectral or matrix interference. Ruthenium and rhenium were evaluated as internal standards and samples were analyzed at different dilution levels. Furthermore, a comparative study was carried out by using three sample digestion methods, microwave-assisted digestion with HNO3/H2O2, dry ashing and dry ashing with Mg(NO3)2/MgO as an ashing aid. Adequate precisi…

Accuracy and precisionAnalyteChromatographyChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral EngineeringAnalytical chemistryAnalytical ChemistryDilutionCertified reference materialsAshingInductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopySample preparationInductively coupled plasmaAnalytical Methods
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253. An accurate and operator independent method for biological tumour volume segmentation

2018

Purpose The aim of this paper is to develop an operator independent method for biological tumour volume (BTV) delineation from Positron Emission Tomography (PET) images. BTV delineation is challenging because of the low spatial resolution and high noise level in PET images. In addition, BTV varies substantially depending on the method used to segment. Manual delineation is widely-used, but it is strongly user dependent. Methods The proposed method starts with the automatic identification of the PET slice with maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUV). Then, a user- independent mask is obtained by a rough pre-segmentation step and it is used to perform the local active contour segmentation on …

Active contour modelSimilarity (geometry)medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryBiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyContext (language use)Pattern recognitionStandardized uptake valueGeneral MedicineImaging phantomPositron emission tomographymedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSegmentationArtificial intelligencebusinessImage resolutionPhysica Medica
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Wind-luminosity evolution in NLS1 AGN 1H 0707−495

2021

Ultra-fast outflows (UFOs) have been detected in the high-quality X-ray spectra of a number of active galactic nuclei (AGN) with fairly high accretion rates and are thought to significantly contribute to the AGN feedback. After a decade of dedicated study, their launching mechanisms and structure are still not well understood, but variability techniques may provide useful constraints. In this work, therefore, we perform a flux-resolved X-ray spectroscopy on a highly accreting and variable NLS1 AGN, 1H 0707-495, using all archival XMM-Newton observations to study the structure of the UFO. We find that the wind spectral lines weaken at higher luminosities, most likely due to an increasing ion…

Active galactic nucleusAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenablack hole physicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciencesSpectral lineLuminosityaccretionIonization0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsEmission spectrum010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsAccretion (meteorology)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsRadiusaccretion discsgalaxies: SeyfertSpace and Planetary ScienceX-rays: individual: 1H 0707−495OutflowAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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Surface plasmon-polariton amplifiers

2012

Propagation of surface plasmons at metal surfaces is receiving much interest nowadays because of its broad range of potential applications, like subwavelength photonics or biosensing. Although plasmonic devices achieve unique properties, surface plasmons suffer from high attenuation because of the absorption losses in the metal. This limitation can be overcome by providing the material adjacent to the metal with optical gain. Under these conditions, absorption losses are compensated and the propagation length of the plasmon is significantly increased. In this work, a review of plasmonic amplifiers is presented. To this end, the state of the art of such devices and the propagation characteri…

Active laser mediumMaterials sciencebusiness.industryQuantum dotSurface plasmonPolaritonPhysics::OpticsOptoelectronicsStimulated emissionPhotonicsbusinessSurface plasmon polaritonPlasmon2012 14th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)
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Spatial sharpening of land surface temperature for daily energy balance applications

2008

ABSTRACT Daily high spatial resolution assessment of actual evapotranspiration is essential for water management and crop water requirement estimation under stress conditions. The application of energy balance models usually requires satellite observations of radiometric surface temperat ure with high geometrical and temporal resolutions. By now, however, high spatial resolution (~ 100 m) is available with low time fre quency (approximately every two weeks); at the opposite daily acquisition are characterised by poor spatial resolution. The analysis of vegetation index (VI) and land surface temperature (LST) spatial relationship, shows in substance a scale invariant behaviour [1] ; this con…

Actual evapotranspirationMeteorologyland surface temperature disaggregation actual evapotranspiration surface energy balance modelsSettore ICAR/02 - Costruzioni Idrauliche E Marittime E IdrologiaEnergy balanceSharpeningAdvanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection RadiometerDisaggregationGeographyEvapotranspirationTemporal resolutionSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliSurface energy balance modelsSatelliteModerate-resolution imaging spectroradiometerImage resolutionLand surface temperatureRemote sensingSPIE Proceedings
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Not Entirely Reliable: Private Scientific Organizations and Risk Regulation – The Case of Electromagnetic Fields

2013

Private scientific organizations exert a great deal of influence in the regulation of some technological risks. The high level of expertise of their members is arguably a good reason for them to participate in making and monitoring risk regulations, in order to adjust these to scientific progress. Nevertheless, there are also sound reasons why governments shouldn’t uncritically follow the views expressed by such organizations. Taking the role played by the International Commission on Non–Ionizing Radiation Protection in the regulation of electromagnetic fields as an illustrative example, this paper shows that private scientific organizations such as these are structurally less well suited t…

Actuarial scienceOrder (exchange)business.industryScientific progressmedia_common.quotation_subjectCommissionPublic relationsbusinessSafety ResearchLawDemocracymedia_commonRisk regulationEuropean Journal of Risk Regulation
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