Search results for "Native"

showing 10 items of 1727 documents

OFN Capital Budgeting Under Uncertainty and Risk

2017

The aim of this chapter is to propose a new approach to incorporating uncertainty into capital budgeting. The chapter presents methods that can be used by an investor when the decision maker wants to be able to make an investment decision where there are alternative investment projects. This kind of problem is undertaken under the conditions of uncertainty and risk using Ordered Fuzzy Numbers (OFN). The starting point is the concept of Ordered Fuzzy Numbers. The chapter illustrates the implementation of the proposed approach with an example where two alternative investment projects are analyzed. The authors present the capital budgeting problem using a numerical example. The described metho…

Capital budgetingOperations researchProject selectionEconomicsFuzzy numberAlternative investmentProfitability indexDiscount pointsInvestment (macroeconomics)Fuzzy logicIndustrial organization
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Expression of IAPs and alternative splice variants in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cells.

2005

IAPs (inhibitors of apoptosis proteins) might have a major role in the apoptotic resistance that marks many cancers. The studies on IAPs in human HCC have focused on survivin or XIAP, indicating that their new or increased expression in this tumor is associated with a more unfavorable prognosis. The present results corroborate these findings, emphasizing the role that the coordinated expression of different IAPs and alternative splice variants might play in the adverse biology of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Carcinoma HepatocellularApoptosisX-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis ProteinBiologyBioinformaticsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyHistory and Philosophy of ScienceCell Line TumorSurvivinCarcinomamedicineHumansspliceRNA MessengerCell ProliferationCell growthReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGeneral NeuroscienceAlternative splicingLiver NeoplasmsIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsProteinsmedicine.diseasePrognosisXIAPbody regionsAlternative SplicingApoptosisDrug Resistance NeoplasmHepatocellular carcinomaCancer researchAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Expression of WISPs and of their novel alternative variants in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

2005

WISPs (Wnt-induced secreted proteins) are members of the CCN (CTGF/Cyr61/Nov) family involved in fibrotic disorders and tumorigenesis. They have a typical structure composed of four conserved cysteine-rich modular domains, but variants of CCN members lacking one or more modules, generated by alternative splicing or gene mutations, have been described in various pathological conditions. WISP genes were first described as downstream targets of the Wnt signaling pathway, which is frequently altered in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, WISP mRNA expression was analyzed by RT-PCR in four human HCC cell lines (HepG2, HuH-6, HuH-7, HA22T/VGH). Our results show for the fir…

Carcinoma HepatocellularWISPHepatocellular carcinomaApoptosisGene mutationBiologymedicine.disease_causeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCCN Intercellular Signaling ProteinsWntalternative splicingHistory and Philosophy of ScienceCell Line TumorProto-Oncogene ProteinsCCN Intercellular Signaling ProteinsmedicineHumansRNA MessengerGeneDNA PrimersOncogene ProteinsGeneticsCCNModels GeneticReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGeneral NeuroscienceLiver NeoplasmsAlternative splicingIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsWnt signaling pathwaydigestive system diseasesNeoplasm ProteinsInsulin-Like Growth Factor Binding ProteinsRepressor ProteinsCTGFCYR61Cancer researchIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsRNACarcinogenesisWISPWntTranscription Factors
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Cardioprotective effects of phytopigments via multiple signaling pathways.

2021

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the deadliest non-communicable diseases, and millions of dollars are spent every year to combat CVDs. Unfortunately, the multifactorial etiology of CVDs complicates the development of efficient therapeutics. Interestingly, phytopigments show significant pleiotropic cardioprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo. Purpose This review gives an overview of the cardioprotective effects of phytopigments based on in vitro and in vivo studies as well as clinical trials. Methods A literature-based survey was performed to collect the available data on cardioprotective activities of phytopigments via electronic search engines such as Pub…

Cardiotonic AgentsPharmaceutical ScienceAnthraquinonesXanthophyllsBioinformaticsstatAntioxidantsAnthocyaninsDrug DiscoveryMedicineAnimalsHumansClinical efficacyProtein kinase BPharmacologyFlavonoidsbusiness.industryNF-kappa BAMPKCarotenoidsClinical trialComplementary and alternative medicineCardiotoxicitiesCardiac hypertrophyMolecular MedicineSignal transductionbusinessSignal TransductionPhytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
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Cloning of a rat-specific long PCP4/PEP19 isoform

2007

We report the identification of a cDNA that encodes a putative protein of 94 amino acids and expected molecular weight of 10.7 kDa, the C-terminal half of which is identical to that of PEP19, a small, brain-specific protein involved in Ca++/calmodulin signaling. The novel rat-specific protein, tentatively named long PEP19 isoform (LPI), is the product of alternative splicing of the rat PCP4 gene encoding PEP19. We found that antibodies raised against the first 13 N-terminal amino acids of LPI, not present in PEP19, recognize a protein enriched in the developing rat brain.

Cell ExtractsGene isoformProtein isoformDNA ComplementaryCalmodulinMolecular Sequence DataNerve Tissue ProteinsAntibodiesRats Sprague-DawleyMiceExonComplementary DNAGeneticsAnimalsHumansProtein IsoformsAmino Acid SequenceRNA MessengerCloning MolecularPeptide sequencechemistry.chemical_classificationBase SequencebiologyGene Expression ProfilingAlternative splicingBrainGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalRNA-Binding ProteinsExonsGeneral MedicineMolecular biologyIntronsRatsAmino acidchemistryBiochemistrybiology.proteinCalmodulin-Binding ProteinsPeptidesInternational Journal of Molecular Medicine
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The selection of serum-independent PC12 cells for a more-reliable manganese cytotoxicity test.

2007

A major issue concerning the protocols of heavy metal cytotoxicity tests with PC12 cells was the hypothesis that serum in the culture medium might sequester the metal, thus altering the results obtained. However, serum withdrawal impairs the viability of PC12 cells themselves, thus impeding cytotoxicity testing in the absence of serum. In this study, we repeatedly selected undifferentiated, totally non-adherent PC12 cells in Petri dishes. Surprisingly, we discovered that these cells could survive and proliferate in serum-free medium. Moreover, features such as NGF-responsiveness, resazurin reduction potential, doubling rate, protein content, and basal caspase-3 enzyme activity, were equiva…

Cell SurvivalAdrenal Gland NeoplasmsPheochromocytomaToxicologyAnimal Testing AlternativesPC12 CellsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCulture Media Serum-Freelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawDoubling timeCytotoxic T cellAnimalsCytotoxicityManganesebiologyChemistryPetri dishResazurinGeneral MedicineEnzyme assayIn vitroRatsMedical Laboratory TechnologyBiochemistryToxicitybiology.proteinAlternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA
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Saponins-mediated potentiation of cisplatin accumulation and cytotoxicity in human colon cancer cells.

2002

The triterpene saponins jenisseensosides A, B, C, D were found to increase the accumulation and cytotoxicity of the anticancer agent cisplatin in human colon tumor cells. These compounds are glycosides of quillaic acid whose fucose residue was acylated by a trans- or cis-p methoxycinnamic acid. In contrarst, other saponins derivatives without this acyl moiety were not found to potentiate the accumulation and cytotoxicity of cisplatin. These results suggested the importance of the acyl moiety for activity.

Cell SurvivalSaponinPharmaceutical SciencePlant RootsFucoseAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity RelationshipTriterpeneDrug DiscoverymedicineMoietyHumansOleanolic AcidCytotoxicitySilenePlatinumPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationCisplatinDose-Response Relationship DrugPlant ExtractsOrganic ChemistryGlycosideBiological activityDrug SynergismSaponinsTriterpenesComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryBiochemistryMolecular Medicinelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)CisplatinHT29 Cellsmedicine.drugPlanta medica
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In vitro pro-apoptotic and anti-migratory effects of Treculia africana Decne. (Moraceae) and Entandrophragma angolense Welw (Meliaceae) extracts on p…

2021

Abstract Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men and there is an increasing interest in chemoprevention to fight it. The authors sought a scientific rationale for the traditional use of six Cameroonian medicinal plants for the treatment of prostate inflammation/tumour. The prostate cells viability incubated with each ethanolic plant extract was determined after 24, 48 and 72 h using the MTT assay. The antitumor mechanisms of promising extracts [Treculia africana (TA) and Entandrophragma angolense (EA)] were further assessed by evaluating cell growth, cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell death mechanisms and cell migration. Only TA and EA significantly inhibited L…

Cell chemotaxisbiology010405 organic chemistryChemistryCell growthCell cyclePharmacologyurologic and male genital diseasesbiology.organism_classification01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryComplementary and alternative medicineDU145Treculia africanaApoptosisLNCaPMTT assayJournal of Herbal Medicine
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Cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis by cajanin stilbene acid from Cajanus cajan in breast cancer cells

2015

Abstract Background: The low abundant cajanin stilbene acid (CSA) from Pigeon Pea ( Cajanus cajan ) has been shown to kill estrogen receptor α positive cancer cells in vitro and in vivo . Downstream effects such as cell cycle and apoptosis-related mechanisms have not been analyzed yet. Material and methods: We analyzed the activity of CSA by means of flow cytometry (cell cycle distribution, mitochondrial membrane potential, MMP), confocal laser scanning microscopy (MMP), DNA fragmentation assay (apoptosis), Western blotting (Bax and Bcl-2 expression, caspase-3 activation) as well as mRNA microarray hybridization and Ingenuity pathway analysis. Results: CSA induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis …

Cell cycle checkpointDNA damageCellPharmaceutical ScienceApoptosisBiologyFlow cytometryCajanusStilbenesDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansbcl-2-Associated X ProteinMembrane Potential MitochondrialPharmacologymedicine.diagnostic_testCaspase 3Cell Cycle CheckpointsCell cycleMolecular biologySalicylatesGene Expression Regulation Neoplasticmedicine.anatomical_structureProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2Complementary and alternative medicineApoptosisCancer cellMCF-7 CellsMolecular MedicineDNA fragmentationDNA DamageSignal TransductionPhytomedicine
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Lanostanoids from fungi: a group of potential anticancer compounds.

2012

Lanostanes are a group of tetracyclic triterpenoids derived from lanosterol. They have relevant biological and pharmacological properties, such as their cytotoxic effects via induction of apoptosis. This review compiles the most relevant lanostanoids studied from 2000 to 2011, principally those isolated from Ganoderma lucidum and other related fungi, such as Poria cocos, Laetiporus sulphureus, Inonotus obliquus, Antrodia camphorata, Daedalea dickinsii, and Elfvingia applanata, which have great potential as anticancer agents because of their cytotoxic or apoptotic effects. The compounds were selected on the basis of their proapoptotic mechanisms, through their ability to modify transcription…

Cell cycle checkpointStereochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic AgentsAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundLanosterolDrug DiscoveryMedicinal fungiAntrodiaLaetiporus sulphureusCytotoxicityPharmacologybiologyMolecular StructureLanosterolOrganic ChemistryGanodermaCell Cycle CheckpointsCell cyclebiology.organism_classificationComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryBiochemistryMolecular MedicineInonotus obliquusJournal of natural products
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