Search results for "Otorhinolaryngologic diseases"
showing 10 items of 838 documents
Nasal airway in cleft-palate patients: acoustic rhinometric data
1997
The objective of this study was to investigate an instrumental assessment technique for acquiring reproducible, metric data on the nasal airway in cleft-palate associated nasal dysplasia. A consecutive sample of 23 unilateral, 17 bilateral CLP patients and 15 controls with subjective normal nasal patency from a cleft-palate rehabilitation centre were studied. A series of transnasal acoustic measurements (pressure wave: 55 dB for 2 ms) of nasal volume were performed before and after topical decongestion with 2 x 0.3 mg of xylometazoline. A standardized regimen of acoustic parameters of the nasal valve and the adjacent segment of the nasal cavity were calculated. The cleft side yielded a sign…
Otosclerosis associated with type B-1 inner ear malformation
2010
Malformations of bony inner ear are rare anomalies occurring in approximately 20% of patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss. Conductive hearing loss is usually associated with abnormalities of the external and middle ear. Recent reports of patients with lateral semicircular canal malformations indicate inner ear malformations to be associated with sensorineural or conductive hearing loss. Differential diagnosis of conductive hearing loss should include otosclerosis, isolated ossicular deformities, inner ear anomalies or a combination of these. In this report, a case is described with right vestibule-lateral semicircular canal dysplasia presenting at our centre with bilateral ot…
New adenylate kinase 7 (AK7) mutation in primary ciliary dyskinesia.
2012
Background Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a congenital hereditary disease affecting 1/20,000–60,000 people that causes chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, sinus hypoplasia, secretory otitis media, and low fertility. The complexity and heterogeneity of the disease make diagnosis difficult. Although the genetic origin of PCD is clear, mutations in only five genes have been associated with the disease, and, to date, no disease-causing gene has been identified. Recently, low levels of AK7 gene expression have been linked to PCD. This study was designed to determine the mutational status of the AK7 gene in 31 PCD (17 PCD and 14 Kartagener syndrome diagnosed) patients compared with 40 healthy…
Distribution and phenotype ofGJB2mutations in 102 Sicilian patients with congenital non syndromic sensorineural hearing loss
2014
Objective: To evaluate the frequency of GJB2 mutations and their correlation with phenotype in Sicilian non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss (NSHL) patients. Design: Sequencing of the coding region, basal promoter, exon 1, and donor splice site of the GJB2 gene; screening for the presence of the two common GJB6 deletions. Study sample: A cohort of 102 Sicilian NSHL patients. Results: Fifteen different mutations in GJB2 and seventeen different genotypes were detected. No GJB6 mutations were found. The hearing impairment was profound in the 64.72% of probands (mean PTA 0.25 – 4 kHz of 88.82 26.52 dB HL). A total of 81.37% of patients harboured at least one c.35delG allele; c.167delT and c…
Analysis of Fifty-Six Cochlear Implant Device Failures
2008
<i>Objective:</i> Our aim was to present a failure analysis after cochlear implant revision surgery in a large series of children and adults and to assess the outcome and audiologic performance. <i>Methods:</i> Fifty-six cochlear implant failures that occurred in 422 devices implanted between 1990 and 2007 at the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Mainz, Germany, were retrospectively analyzed. The causes of failure were reviewed evaluating the individual history, telemetric and intraoperative findings and manufacturer’s investigation reports. <i>Results:</i> We performed 56 surgical revisions in a series of 422 consec…
Reliability of cochlear implants.
2005
Background The long-term reliability of cochlear implants over time is an important issue for patients and cochlear implant teams. The calculation of cumulative survival rates including all hard failures of cochlear implants is suitable to report objectively about cochlear implant reliability. Methods This is a report of 192 cochlear implants from different manufacturers in adults (n = 58) and children (n = 134). Results The overall cumulative implant survival rate was 91.7% for a period of 11 years. The main reasons for hard failures were design errors of the products and direct or indirect trauma to the cochlea implant site (especially in children) with consecutive breaks of the implant b…
Autonomic regulation of nasal vessels during changes in body position
1994
The effects of postural changes on nasal airflow and nasal capillary blood flow were investigated in 15 healthy volunteers. Measurements were performed following nasal application of saline solution (control), the alpha-1 receptor antagonist prazosin, the alpha-2 receptor antagonist yohimbine, and after application of both prazosin and yohimbine. Nasal airflow in the control experiments did not significantly differ in the upright (362 +/- 166 ml/s), dorsally recumbent (350 +/- 167 ml/s) and 70 degrees head down position (311 +/- 167 ml/s). Following application of prazosin, nasal airflow was reduced to 223 +/- 121 ml/s in the upright position. Prazosin treatment significantly reduced nasal …
A swallowed toothbrush
2001
A 27-year-old woman came to the emergency department in April, 1999, after swallowing a toothbrush while cleaning her teeth 1 hour previously. She attributed the accident to clumsiness which made her slip on the wet bathroom floor, thereby forcing the toothbrush deep into her throat She reported no other illnesses. She had no pain, dysphagia, or dyspnoea. On examination she had a normal weight (body mass index of 22 kg/m). Her oropharnyx had no signs of injury and the rest of the physical examination was normal. A chest radiograph showed a toothbrush projecting towards the distal oesophagus with the head pointing to the oropharynx (figure), a finding which was not compatible with the report…
Is abdominal compression a useful stimulation test for analysis of lower esophageal sphincter function?
1984
The change in pressure of competent and incompetent lower esophageal sphincter (LES) due to abdominal compression is still a controversial subject. Therefore, we studied the effect of sustained (SAC) and intermittent (IAC) abdominal compression on lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) in normals (N), patients with hiatus hernia (HH), and patients with scleroderma (S). When resting lower esophageal sphincter pressure exceeded 15 mm Hg, response to SAC and IAC was similar in patients with HH and in normals. On the other hand when basal LESP was below 15 mm Hg, stimulated sphincter pressure during IAC was significantly lower than during SAC. Values recorded during SAC were also falsely hi…
Superior pedicle retroauricular island flap for ear and temporal region reconstruction: anatomic investigation and 52 cases series.
2008
Superior pedicle retroauricular island flap for ear and temporal region reconstruction: anatomic investigation and 52 cases series. Cordova A, Pirrello R, D'Arpa S, Moschella F. Source Cattedra di Chirurgia Plastica e Ricostruttiva, Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche ed Oncologiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy. adriana.cordova@excite.com Abstract BACKGROUND: On the basis of a previously published anatomic study on the superior auricular artery (SAA) and on a series of 52 consecutive cases, the authors propose a new superior pedicle retroauricular island flap (SP-RIF) for defects of the upper half of the ear and for temporal region or superficial helical defects. ME…