Search results for "Physiological psychology"

Entwicklung eines Fragebogens zur subjektiven Einschätzung der geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit (FLei) bei Patienten mit psychischen Störungen

2010

Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung besteht in einer ersten Überprüfung der testtheoretischen Kennwerte des neu entwickelten «Fragebogens zur geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit (FLei)» bei Patienten mit psychischen Störungen. An der Untersuchung nahmen insgesamt 259 Personen teil, 68 Schizophreniepatienten, 94 depressive Patienten und 97 Kontrollpersonen. Die ursprüngliche Version des Fragebogens umfasste 88 Items der Bereiche Aufmerksamkeit, Gedächtnis und Exekutivfunktionen sowie Fragen zum visuellen Neglekt. Der Fragebogen konnte auf 35 Items reduziert werden. Items verschiedener Funktionsbereiche waren hoch miteinander korreliert. Itemkennwerte, interne Konsistenz und Split-Half Reliabilität sind d…

“Abnormal Response to Negative Feedback”

2005

Zusammenfassung: Es wurden alkoholabhängige Patienten unter Stressbedingungen neuropsychologisch untersucht. Fragestellung: Zeigt sich wie bei depressiven Patienten eine abnorme Reaktion auf negative Rückmeldung oder gar eine generelle Stressanfälligkeit? Die alkoholabhängigen Patienten wurden in der Testbatterie zur Aufmerksamkeitsprüfung (TAP) nach negativer Rückmeldung tendenziell langsamer und die Kontrollpersonen tendenziell schneller. Insgesamt ergab sich ein signifikanter Unterschied in Visuellem Scanning und Reaktionswechsel. Damit ist die “abnormal response to negative feedback” nicht spezifisch für depressive Patienten. Unter 90 dBA Lärm als Stressor zeigten sich dagegen keine Ef…

On Optic Aphasia and Visual Agnosia

1991

Abstract The following is a translation from a paper by Freund published in two parts almost exactly 100 years ago. It is based on a talk he gave on February 23rd, 1888 at a meeting, chaired by Wernicke, of the Society of East German Psychiatrists at Breslau. A brief report of the proceedings of the meeting appeared in the same year under the title Einige Grenzfalle zwischen Aphasie und Seelenblindheit (Some borderline cases between aphasia and agnosia) (Freund, 1888). This is presumably why the first part, published in 1889, has the heading II before its title Ueber optische Aphasie und Seelenblindheit.

Proprioception but not cardiac interoception is related to the rubber hand illusion

2020

The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is a widely used tool in the study of multisensory integration. It develops as the interaction of temporally consistent visual and tactile input, which can overwrite proprioceptive information. Theoretically, the accuracy of proprioception may influence the proneness to the RHI but this has received little research attention to date. Concerning the role of cardioceptive information, the available empirical evidence is equivocal. The current study aimed to test the impact of proprioceptive and cardioceptive input on the RHI. 60 undergraduate students (32 females) completed sensory tasks assessing proprioceptive accuracy with respect to the angle of the elbow jo…

The effectiveness of hypnosis for pain relief: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 85 controlled experimental trials.

2019

The current meta-analysis aimed to quantify the effectiveness of hypnosis for reducing pain and identify factors that influence efficacy. Six major databases were systematically searched for trials comparing hypnotic inductions with no-intervention control conditions on pain ratings, threshold and tolerance using experimentally-evoked pain models in healthy participants. Eighty-five eligible studies (primarily crossover trials) were identified, consisting of 3632 participants (hypnosis n = 2892, control n = 2646). Random effects meta-analysis found analgesic effects of hypnosis for all pain outcomes (g = 0.54-0.76, p’s<.001). Efficacy was strongly influenced by hypnotic suggestibility and u…

Revisiting the controversial role of salsolinol in the neurobiological effects of ethanol: old and new vistas.

2011

The possible involvement of salsolinol (Sal), an endogenous condensation product of ACD (the first metabolite of ethanol) and dopamine, in the neurochemical basis underlying ethanol action has been repeatedly suggested although it has not been unequivocally established, still being a controversial matter of debate. The main goal of this review is to evaluate the presumed contribution of Sal to ethanol effects summarizing the reported data since the discovery in the 1970s of Sal formation in vitro during ethanol metabolism until the more recent studies characterizing its behavioral and neurochemical effects. Towards this end, we first analyze the production and detection of Sal, in different…

2020

Measures of the brain's automatic electrophysiological responses to sounds represent a potential tool for identifying age- and depression-related neural markers. However, these markers have rarely been studied related to aging and depression within one study. Here, we investigated auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) in the brain that may show different alterations related to aging and depression. We used an oddball condition employing changes in sound intensity to investigate: (i) sound intensity dependence; (ii) sensory gating; and (iii) change detection, all within a single paradigm. The ERPs of younger (18-40 years) and older (62-80 years) depressed female participants and age-match…

Interpersonal difficulties in obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis to inform a rejection sensitivity-based model

2019

Abstract Obesity is associated with difficulties due to stigma and loneliness. These impact negatively on individuals’ quality of life and behaviour change efforts. Increased sensitivity to others’ negative feedback might play a role in the maintenance of these difficulties and could be addressed in psychological interventions. We conducted a systematic review of interpersonal difficulties in individuals with obesity, across the lifespan. We investigated early interpersonal adversity (i.e. frequency of teasing/bullying), perceived interpersonal stress and quality of social life, based on a rejection sensitivity model. The databases PubMed, Web of Knowledge and AGRIS, Embase, Medline and Psy…

creación de relatos digitales no lineales como herramienta intercultural en el ámbito de la filología francesa

2021

Este artículo aborda la importancia de la gamificación como forma de innovación docente en contextos universitarios, concretamente en la docencia de lengua y literatura francesas, para nuestro alumnado nativo digital. La creación de serious games pueden incentivarlo, generando una participación activa en la materia y mejores resultados académicos. Concretamente, la creación de ficciones interactivas basadas en hipertextos a través de una herramienta bastante novedosa llamada Twine, nos ha llevado a realizar talleres en clase de TICE en el Grado de LML de la UV con asombrosos resultados. Vamos a analizarlos y a ofrecer ejemplos didácticos para implementar esta herramienta en el aula en conte…

Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific Internet-use disorders: An Interac…

2016

Within the last two decades, many studies have addressed the clinical phenomenon of Internet-use disorders, with a particular focus on Internet-gaming disorder. Based on previous theoretical considerations and empirical findings, we suggest an Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model of specific Internet-use disorders. The I-PACE model is a theoretical framework for the processes underlying the development and maintenance of an addictive use of certain Internet applications or sites promoting gaming, gambling, pornography viewing, shopping, or communication. The model is composed as a process model. Specific Internet-use disorders are considered to be the consequence …