Search results for "Predictive"

Pharmacokinetic and metabolism determinants of fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin activity in treatment of colorectal patients

2011

Fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin continued to be the mainstay of therapeutic regimens in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). For this reason, pharmacokinetic and metabolism of these drugs were analyzed and the identification of accurate and validated predictive, prognostic and toxicity markers became necessary to develop an effective therapy adapted to the patient's molecular profile, while minimizing life-threatening toxicities. In this review, we discuss literature data, defining predictive and prognostic markers actually identified in the treatment of CRC. We analyzed predictive markers of fluoropyrimidines effectiveness, principally for 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and also for oral flu…

Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1) levels predict response to gemcitabine in patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC)

2009

Background and aim: Translational data suggest that nucleoside transporters, in particular human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1), play an important role in predicting clinical outcome after gemcitabine chemotherapy for several types of cancer. The aim of this study was to retrospectively determine patients' outcome according to the expression of hENT1 in tumoral cells of patients receiving gemcitabine-based therapy. Materials and Methods: The immunohistochemistry analysis was performed on samples from thirty-one patients with unresectable biliary tract cancer (BTC) consecutively treated with first line gemcitabine-based regimens. Results: Positive hENT1 staining patients were…

Prognostic and predictive biomarkers for targeted therapy in NSCLC: For whom the bell tolls?

2015

Introduction: The discovery of molecular biomarkers and the advent of targeted therapies have led to a radical change in the treatment of several tumors, including NSCLC. In the last few years, the number of molecular biomarkers has rapidly increased, and a growing interest has been recently focused on their potential prognostic and predictive value in clinical settings. Areas covered: This review describes all the molecular biomarkers with prognostic and predictive value in NSCLC, including both clinically approved biomarkers, and emerging biomarkers under investigation in clinical trials. Liquid biopsy and applications of circulating biomarkers are also described. Expert opinion: The onco…

All-Trans Retinoic Acid Improves Outcome in Younger Adult Patients with Nucleophosmin-1 Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia – Results of the AMLSG 07-04 R…

2011

Abstract Abstract 80 Background: Mutations in the nucleophosmin-1 gene (NPM1) are the most common genetic abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and define a provisional AML entity in the current WHO classification. In a retrospective biomarker study within a randomized trial of older patients with AML, we demonstrated that patients with mutated NPM1 and absence of a FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) benefit from all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) as adjunct to conventional chemotherapy (Schlenk et al. Haematologica 2009;94:54–69). Aims: To evaluate the impact of ATRA in combination with conventional chemotherapy on outcome, and to assess the NPM1 mutational status as predictive mar…

High pretreatment static and dynamic alpha‐fetoprotein values predict reduced overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma

2021

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Novel prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers are urgently needed to improve patient management. Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is a well‐established and widely used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, diagnostic accuracy of static AFP values is limited and the clinical potential is a matter of ongoing scientific discussion. Objective We here evaluated the prognostic impact of pretreatment static and dynamic AFP variables on overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients in a Western cohort. Methods Patients with confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 809) treated at the Johannes Gutenber…

738P Soluble PD-1, PD-L1, pan-BTN3As, BTN3A1 and BTN2A1 as predictive biomarkers of nivolumab response in patients with metastatic clear cell renal c…

2020

In vivo detection of vertical root fractures in endodontically treated teeth : accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography and assessment of potential …

2021

Background This study aimed: (a) to determine the diagnostic performance of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for detection of vertical root fractures (VRFs); (b) to evaluate the predictive value of diagnostic criteria regarding the definition of VRFs; and (c) to examine the robustness of the association of patient-, tooth-, and treatment-related variables with VRFs. Material and methods 130 root-filled teeth with signs/symptoms of VRFs underwent clinical and CBCT assessments. Definite diagnosis of VRF was confirmed by endodontic microsurgical (EMS) exploration. Determination of diagnostic performance of CBCT was based on standard algorithms derived from two-way contingency table analysi…

Esthetic Assessment of the Effect of Gingival Exposure in the Smile of Patients with Unilateral and Bilateral Maxillary Incisor Agenesis

2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the dental esthetic perception of the smile of patients with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA); the perceptions were examined pre- and post-treatment. Esthetic determinations were made with regard to the gingival exposure in the patients’ smile by orthodontists, general dentists, and laypersons. Materials and Methods: Three hundred eighty one people (80 orthodontists, 181 general dentists, 120 laypersons) rated the attractiveness of the smile in four cases before and after treatment, comprising two cases with unilateral MLIA and contralateral microdontia and two with bilateral MLIA. For each case, the buccal photograph was adjusted usi…

The Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report.

2009

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To review all available data and recommend a definition for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) based on published peer-reviewed data, whether already in use or not, to guide clinical diagnosis and future research. DESIGN: Literature review and expert consensus. SETTING: Professional society. PATIENTS: None. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): A systematic review of the published peer-reviewed medical literature, by querying MEDLINE databases, to identify studies evaluating the epidemiology or phenotypic aspects of PCOS. RESULT(S): The Task Force drafted the initial report, following a consensus process via electronic communication, which was then reviewed and c…

Role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with solid tumors: Can a drop dig a stone?

2019

International audience; In recent years, multiple strategies for eliciting anti-tumor immunity have been developed in different clinical studies. Currently, immunotherapy was clinically validated as effective treatment option for many tumors such as melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Some surface receptors of immune cells, called immune checkpoint receptors, may inhibit activity of proinflammatory lymphocytes, following binding with specific ligands. Cancer cells exploit these mechanisms to inactivate tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) to escape from immunosurveillance. Among the different tumor-infiltrating immune cell populations, including leu…