Search results for "SSTA"

The Role of Autophagy and Apoptosis During Embryo Development

2015

Programmed cell death (PCD) and cell survival are two sides of the same coin. Autopha‐ gy and apoptosis are crucial processes during embryo development of Invertebrates and Vertebrates organisms, as they are necessary for the formation of a new organism, start‐ ing from a fertilized egg. Fertilization triggers cell remodeling from each gamete to a toti‐ potent zygote. During embryogenesis, the cells undergo various processes, thus allowing the transformation of the embryo into an adult organism. In particular, cells require the appropriate tools to suddenly modify their morphology and protein content in order to respond to intrinsic and external stimuli. Autophagy and apoptosis are involved…

Recruitment of Xrn1 to stress-induced genes allows efficient transcription by controlling RNA polymerase II backtracking

2020

A new paradigm has emerged proposing that the crosstalk between nuclear transcription and cytoplasmic mRNA stability keeps robust mRNA levels in cells under steady-state conditions. A key piece in this crosstalk is the highly conserved 5′–3′ RNA exonuclease Xrn1, which degrades most cytoplasmic mRNAs but also associates with nuclear chromatin to activate transcription by not well-understood mechanisms. Here, we investigated the role of Xrn1 in the transcriptional response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells to osmotic stress. We show that a lack of Xrn1 results in much lower transcriptional induction of the upregulated genes but in similar high levels of their transcripts because of parallel …

Rpb4 and Puf3 imprint and post-transcriptionally control the stability of a common set of mRNAs in yeast

2020

ABSTRACTGene expression involving RNA polymerase II is regulated by the concerted interplay between mRNA synthesis and degradation, crosstalk in which mRNA decay machinery and transcription machinery respectively impact transcription and mRNA stability. Rpb4, and likely dimer Rpb4/7, seem the central components of the RNA pol II governing these processes. In this work we unravel the molecular mechanisms participated by Rpb4 that mediate the posttranscriptional events regulating mRNA imprinting and stability. By RIP-Seq, we analyzed genome-wide the association of Rpb4 with mRNAs and demonstrated that it targeted a large population of more than 1400 transcripts. A group of these mRNAs was als…

The total mRNA concentration buffering system in yeast is global rather than gene-specific

2021

Gene expression in eukaryotes does not follow a linear process from transcription to translation and mRNA degradation. Instead it follows a circular process in which cytoplasmic mRNA decay crosstalks with nuclear transcription. In many instances, this crosstalk contributes to buffer mRNA at a roughly constant concentration. Whether the mRNA buffering concept operates on the total mRNA concentration or at the gene-specific level, and if the mechanism to do so is a global or a specific one, remain unknown. Here we assessed changes in mRNA concentrations and their synthesis rates along the transcriptome of aneuploid strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We also assessed mRNA concentra…

BCL-xL, a Mitochondrial Protein Involved in Successful Aging: From C. elegans to Human Centenarians

2020

B-Cell Lymphoma-extra-large (BCL-xL) is involved in longevity and successful aging, which indicates a role for BCL-xL in cell survival pathway regulation. Beyond its well described role as an inhibitor of apoptosis by preventing cytochrome c release, BCL-xL has also been related, indirectly, to autophagy and senescence pathways. Although in these latter cases, BCL-xL has dual roles, either activating or inhibiting, depending on the cell type and the specific conditions. Taken together, all these findings suggest a precise mechanism of action for BCL-xL, able to regulate the crosstalk between apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence, thus promoting cell survival or cell death. All three pathways…

Vittorio Emanuele Orlando. Il giurista, l’avvocato, lo statista

2018

Vittorio Emanuele Orlando is one of the defining figures of the history of Italy. Lawyer, jurist and statesman, he founded the Italian School of Public Law and worked out an original version of the “Rechtsstaat”. He led Italy to victory during the First World War, took then an official stance against the Fascism and played a significant role in the republican constituent process. The article suggests a coherent interpretation of the several aspects of his personality and provides an extensive bibliography

Una crisi annunciata. Aporie e incrinature dello Stato liberale di diritto

2012

Negli stessi anni in cui la giuspubblicistica tedesca metteva a punto in chiave monistica la nozione di Rechtsstaat, la società si andava risistemando secondo moduli organizzativi e statuti complessi, rinnovando il suo carico di contraddizioni, differenziazioni, spinte aggregative e tendenze autonomistiche. La rassicurante immagine di uno Stato-persona in grado di neutralizzare mediante il suo diritto le tendenze centrifughe e di dissolvere nella sua unità politica le particolarità frazionali strideva con l’articolazione complessa e pluralistica della società industriale, con una realtà che non era formata da individui astratti, eguali e indifferenziati, ma da soggetti concreti, diseguali e…

La semplicità immaginaria. Apogeo e crisi dello Stato liberale di diritto.

2011

Programs' Efficacy to Develop Employable Skills for People With Functional Diversity: A Meta-Analysis

2021

Purpose: Promoting the labour integration of people with functional diversity is a key element to achieve their social inclusion. This meta-analysis aims to examine the effectiveness of experimental programs in developing employable skills for people with disabilities. Methods: Literature searches up to June 2019 were conducted in four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and ERIC). Studies that met the following criteria were selected: (1) The program should develop employable skills; (2) the participants should be people with functional diversity; (3) the study should have a design with an experimental group and a control group as well as pretest and posttest measurements; (4) the …

Photometric and spectroscopic variability of the B5IIIe star HD 171219

2017

We analyzed the star HD 171219, one of the relatively bright Be stars observed in the seismo field of the CoRoT satellite, in order to determine its physical and pulsation characteristics. Classical Be stars are main-sequence objects of mainly B-type, whose spectra show, or have shown at some epoch, Balmer lines in emission and an infrared excess. Both characteristics are attributed to an equatorially concentrated circumstellar disk fed by non-periodic mass-loss episodes (outbursts). Be stars often show nonradial pulsation gravity modes and, as more recently discovered, stochastically excited oscillations. Applying the CLEANEST algorithm to the high-cadence and highly photometrically precis…