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showing 10 items of 4920 documents

Peculiarities of luminescent properties of cerium doped YAG transparent nanoceramics

2010

Abstract Optical and luminescence properties of transparent nanosized cerium doped Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (YAG:Ce) ceramics have been studied. YAG:Ce nanoceramics were obtained by means of low temperature and high pressure (LTHP) sintering method. Nanoceramic samples were sintered in the 2–8 GPa pressure range, whereas Ce 3+ concentration was varied in the 0.5–5 at. % range. It is shown that, in contrast to the single crystal, a strong rise of absorption coefficient was detected already at wavelength shorter than 400 nm in all nanoceramic samples studied. Furthermore, in nanoceramic samples unusual UV emission band near 3.1 eV was observed, which is not observed in the YAG:Ce single crystal. High pr…

RadiationMaterials scienceDopingAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSinteringMineralogyNanoceramicCeriumchemistryAttenuation coefficientvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCeramicLuminescenceInstrumentationSingle crystalRadiation Measurements
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Powder diffraction analysis of gemstone inclusions

2011

Gemstones are pieces of materials that once cut and polished are used as jewels or adornments. Gemstones may be single crystal (such as diamonds), polycrystalline (such as lapis lazuli), or amorphous (such as amber). In any case, gems may have inclusions that may yield a variety of optic effects. It is also important to unravel the crystal structure of the inclusion(s) in order to determine the origin of the gem and to help to understand their formation mechanism. Here, we expand the use of powder diffraction to identify crystalline inclusions in bulk gemstones highlighting Mo Kα radiation to penetrate within compact gems. Initially, rock crystal quartz with rutile needles was investigated …

RadiationMaterials scienceMetallurgyHematiteMoss agateCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographyvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGemstoneGeneral Materials ScienceInclusion (mineral)InstrumentationQuartzSingle crystalPowder diffractionAventurinePowder Diffraction
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The luminescence of ZnO ceramics

2010

Abstract The luminescence properties of ZnO ceramics with grains 100–5000 nm sintered by different techniques from nanopowders were studied. The luminescence decay times were compared with that obtained for ZnO single crystal. The temperature dependence of non-exponential decay of defect luminescence (2.0–2.6 eV) was measured in wide time, intensity and temperature range. The luminescence decay kinetic at T ≤ 20 K shows the decay close to I(t) ∼ t−1 dependence. At temperature region 50–250 K the decay kinetics is more complicate since the TSL was observed in this temperature region. It is shown that the luminescence properties of NP and ceramics strongly depend on defect distribution on gra…

RadiationNanostructureMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeAnalytical chemistrySinteringMineralogyAtmospheric temperature rangeThermoluminescencevisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCeramicLuminescenceInstrumentationSingle crystalRadiation Measurements
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The contribution of hydrogen peroxide to the radiosensitizing effect of gold nanoparticles

2019

Abstract Plasmid DNA in aerated aqueous solution is used as a probe to determine whose of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated after absorption of ultra-soft X-rays (USX) take part in biomolecule damage in the presence and in absence of Gold Nano-Particles (GNP) and specific scavengers. Citrate-coated GNPs with core sizes of 6, 10 and 25 nm are synthetized and characterized, especially in terms of plasmon band shift, ζ-potential and hydrodynamic radii (respectively 9, 21 and 30 nm). We confirm the radiosensitizing effect of GNP and show that the SSB number per plasmid increases when, for a same mass of gold element, the core size of the gold nanoparticles decreases. Hydroxyl radicals…

Radiation-Sensitizing AgentsFormatesRadicalMetal Nanoparticles02 engineering and technologyPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesCitric AcidMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryPyruvic Acid0103 physical sciences[CHIM]Chemical SciencesMoleculeDimethyl SulfoxideDNA Breaks Single-StrandedParticle SizeTromethaminePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHydrogen peroxideComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSchemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesQuenching (fluorescence)Aqueous solution010304 chemical physicsHydroxyl RadicalX-RaysFree Radical ScavengersHydrogen PeroxideSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySolutionschemistryColloidal goldvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGold0210 nano-technologyPlasmidsBiotechnologyColloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
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Lattice Dynamics Study of HgGa2Se4 at High Pressures

2013

We report on Raman scattering measurements in mercury digallium selenide (HgGa2Se4) up to 25 GPa. We also performed, for the low-pressure defect-chalcopyrite structure, lattice-dynamics ab initio calculations at high pressures which agree with experiments. Measurements evidence that the semiconductor HgGa2Se4 exhibits a pressure-induced phase transition above 19 GPa to a previously undetected structure. This transition is followed by a transformation to a Raman-inactive phase above 23.4 GPa. On downstroke from 25 GPa until 2.5 GPa, a broad Raman spectrum was observed, which has been attributed to a fourth phase, and whose pressure dependence was followed during a second upstroke. Candidate …

Raman scatteringLattice dynamicsHydrostatic pressureAb initioInitio molecular-dynamicssingle crystalsMolecular physicssymbols.namesakeX-Ray DiffractionPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHydrostatic pressureValenciaOptical propertiesCondensed matter physicsbiologyChemistrybiology.organism_classificationSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhonon modesGeneral EnergySemiconductorsFISICA APLICADAAb initioX-ray crystallographysymbolsInduced phase-transitionsRaman scatteringThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Laser Ablation of Poly(lactic acid) Sheets for the Rapid Prototyping of Sustainable, Single-Use, Disposable Medical Microcomponents

2018

The employment of single-use, disposable medical equipment has increased the amount of medical waste produced and the advent of point-of-care diagnostics in lab-on-chip format is likely to add further volume. Current materials used for the manufacture of these devices are derived from petroleum sources and are, therefore, unsustainable. In addition, disposal of these plastics necessitates combustion to reduce infection risk, which has, depending on material composition, an undesirable environmental impact. To address these issues, we have developed a general approach for the rapid prototyping of single-use point-of-care cartridges prepared from poly(lactic acid), a sustainable material whic…

Rapid prototypingInfection riskMaterials sciencePoly(methyl methacrylate)General Chemical EngineeringSacrificial layer assisted manufacturingMicrofluidicsNanotechnology02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundkerfMedical wastePoly(lactic acid)Environmental ChemistryChemical Engineering (all)Laser ablationSingle useLayer by layerRapid prototypingRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment010401 analytical chemistryChemistry (all)Settore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria IndustrialeGeneral ChemistryCO2 laser cut021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPoly(methyl methacrylate)0104 chemical sciencesLactic acidPoint of careMicromachiningchemistryMicrofluidicvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_medium0210 nano-technology
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"Table 3" of "Studies of W boson plus jets production in p\bar{p} collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV"

2013

Differential production cross-section, normalized to the measured inclusive W boson cross-section, as a function of third jet rapidity for events with three or more jets produced in association with a W boson. First uncertainty is statistical, second uncertainty is systematic.

Rapidity DependenceDSIG/DYRAPJet Productionrespiratory systemequipment and suppliescomplex mixturesInclusiveSingle Differential Cross SectionPBAR P --> W+ JETS XPBAR P --> W- JETS X1960.0human activitiesW Productioncirculatory and respiratory physiology
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An approximate/exact objective based search technique for solving general scheduling problems

2018

Abstract In this paper, we analyze single machine scheduling problems under the following minimization objectives: the maximum completion time (makespan), the total completion time and the maximum lateness, including fundamental practical aspects, which often occur in industrial or manufacturing reality: release dates, due dates, setup times, precedence constraints, deterioration (aging) of machines, as well as maintenance activities. To solve the problems, we propose an efficient representation of a solution and a fast neighborhood search technique, which calculates an approximation of criterion values in a constant time per solution in a neighborhood. On this basis, a novel approximate/ex…

Rate-monotonic schedulingMathematical optimization021103 operations researchSingle-machine schedulingJob shop schedulingComputer science0211 other engineering and technologiesaging effectmetaheuristic02 engineering and technologyDynamic priority schedulingsetup timeFair-share schedulingScheduling (computing)Metaheuristic algorithmsTwo-level scheduling0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingschedulingmaintenance activitySoftwareprecedence constraintsApplied Soft Computing
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"Table 7" of "Beauty production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 2.76 TeV measured via semi-electronic decays"

2015

Inclusive bbbar production cross section per rapidity unit measured.

Ratidity DependenceInclusiveSingle Differential Cross SectionP P --> e XProton-Proton ScatteringElectron production2760.0640.0Rapidity Dependence7000.0DSIG/DYRAP1960.0200.0
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Understanding the [2n+2n] reaction mechanism between a carbenoid intermediate and CO2

2016

ABSTRACTThe mechanism of the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 with a nucleophilic carbenoid intermediate has been theoretically studied by using the bonding evolution theory (BET) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. BET combines topological analysis of the electron localisation function and catastrophe theory along a reaction path. This cycloaddition reaction is characterised by 16 structural stability domains, associated to the following sequence of catastrophes: C8H9NO4 + CO2: 16-CF†CF†F†CFF†C†C†[FF†]F†FCC†-0: C9H9NO6. Formation of the two new C-C and C-O single bonds evolves after the transition state structure is reached. The high nucleophilic character and the electronic structure of c…

Reaction mechanism010405 organic chemistryChemistryBiophysics010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsRing (chemistry)01 natural sciencesCycloaddition0104 chemical sciencesNucleophileComputational chemistry13-Dipolar cycloadditionMoleculeSingle bondPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologyCarbenoidMolecular Physics
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