Search results for "Spinal nerve"
showing 9 items of 19 documents
Differential localization of neuronal nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity and NADPH-diaphorase activity in the cat spinal cord.
1994
The distributions of neuronal nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity (NOS-IR) and NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) activity were compared in the cat spinal cord. NOS-IR in neurons around the central canal, in superficial laminae (I and II) of the dorsal horn, in the dorsal commissure, and in fibers in the superficial dorsal horn was observed at all levels of the spinal cord. In these regions, NOS-IR paralleled NADPH-d activity. The sympathetic autonomic nucleus in the rostral lumbar and thoracic segments exhibited prominent NOS-IR and NADPH-d activity, whereas the parasympathetic nucleus in the sacral segments did not exhibit NOS-IR or NADPH-d activity. Within the region of the sympathetic autono…
Microsurgical fenestration of perineural cysts to the thecal sac at the level of the distal dural sleeve
2011
Background Surgery for symptomatic sacral perineural cysts remains an issue of discussion. Assuming micro-communications between the cyst and thecal sac resulting in a valve mechanism and trapping of CSF as a pathomechanism, microsurgical fenestration from the cyst to the thecal sac was performed to achieve free CSF communication. Methods In 13 consecutive patients (10 female, 3 male), MRI revealed sacral perineural cysts and excluded other pathologies. Micro-communication between the thecal sac and the cysts was shown by delayed contrast filling of the cysts on postmyelographic CT. Surgical fenestration achieved free CSF communication between the thecal sac and cysts in all patients. The p…
Phagocytosis of erythrocytes in the subarachnoid space at spinal nerve exits
1982
After intracisternal injection of heparinised autologous blood in cats, spinal nerve exits (SNE) of the subarachnoid space (SAS) were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Phagocytes, erythrocytes and erythrophages (= macrophages which had phagocytosed red blood cells) were found at SNE. Some lining cells of the SAS had retracted from the adjacent cells and had rounded up. Cells which formed an integral part of the subarachnoid lining cells also had phagocytosed erythrocytes. Debris of an exhausted erythrophage was phagocytosed by other macrophages. Finally the observation has been made that erythrophages are capable of leaving the SAS actively by migrating through the …
Traumatic fascicular neuroma
1988
A 72-year-old man had developed amiodarone neuropathy. He was found, at biopsy, to have a fascicular neuroma of his right sural nerve, unassociated with his underlying neuropathy, apparently due to blunt trauma, as electroneurographic needling of this nerve could safely be ruled out by the patient and his physicians. Such fascicular neuromas, which may remain without sensory deficits, may develop at an unknown frequency, and may only be uncovered by biopsy — or autopsy — in a coincidental neuropathic process.
Indication and technique for the reconstruction of nerve defects in head and neck.
1974
Summary Although the results of peripheral nerve repair have been greatly improved in the last years following the introduction of microsurgery and increased application of free autologous nerve transplants, the use of restorative neuroplasty in maxillofacial surgery has been limited. Prompted by the successful reports on modern neuroplasty, we have introduced the use of autologous nerve transplant to bridge lesions of various cranial nerves. Our experience is based on the treatment of traumatic and tumour-induced defects of the facial nerve, inferior alveolar nerve, accessory and lingual nerve. The anastomosis of nerve was accomplished exclusively under the surgical microscope and microsur…
Extracorporeal Stimulation of Sacral Nerve Roots for Observation of Pelvic Autonomic Nerve Integrity: Description of a Novel Methodological Setup.
2017
Introduction: Neurophysiologic monitoring can improve autonomic nerve sparing during critical phases of rectal cancer surgery. Objectives: To develop a system for extracorporeal stimulation of sacral nerve roots. Methods: Dedicated software controlled a ten-electrode stimulation array by switching between different electrode configurations and current levels. A built-in impedance and current level measurement assessed the effectiveness of current injection. Intra-anal surface electromyography (sEMG) informed on targeting the sacral nerve roots. All tests were performed on five pig specimens. Results: During switching between electrode configurations, the system delivered 100% of the set cur…
Traumatische spino-thorakale Liquorfistel
1995
The impact of sacral root anatomy on selective electrical stimulation for bladder evacuation.
1998
Although different structures have been studied with electrostimulation to elicit bladder evacuation, only the sacral root remains feasible for clinical application at present. However, the resultant concomitant contractions of the bladder and sphincteric muscles have been the principal problem over the last few decades. Attempts to identify fibers within the sacral ventral root that innervate the detrusor predominantly have been made by microsurgery alone or in combination with advanced electrical blocking techniques. This article evaluates our past and present efforts to achieve voiding in light of the mixed nature of sacral root anatomy.
[S1 Herpes zoster localization: acute urinary retention in woman].
2011
Acute urinary retention in women is rare. The varicella-zoster virus causes inflammatory lesions of the sensory-root ganglions, meninges and, less frequently, spinal cord. Herpes zoster has been reported to affect, although rarely, lower urinary tract innervations, and acute urinary retention can be thought to occur in the presence of sacral dermatome involvement. Usually it is located in S2–4 dermatome and the prognosis for acute urinary retention is benign resolving in about 20 days. We present a case in which the S1 dermatome was interested and acute urinary retention developed. After 10 days of specific therapy and self catheterism the problem resolved.