Search results for "Turing"
showing 10 items of 2644 documents
Heterogenizing palladium tetraiodide catalyst for carbonylation reactions
2022
We report the first example of successful heterogenization of the classical PdI42- carbonylation catalyst, achieved in two simple steps from ionic liquid-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The newly developed materials (PdI4@MWCNT-imi-X, X = Br, I) present the PdI42- anion supported on an imidazolium network (imi) grown on MWCNTs and have been fully characterized. The activity of PdI4@MWCNT-imi-X has been successfully tested in a paradigmatic carbonylation reaction, the oxidative monoaminocarbonylation of 1-alkynes with amines to give high value added 2-ynamides (obtained in good yields, 50–84%, starting from various substrates). The heterogeneous catalyst could be easil…
How Return Affects the Decision to Surrender a Savings Insurance Policy: Detailed Observations on the Reverse Disposition Effect
2020
The disposition effect has been widely studied in academia, while the reverse disposition effect observed in mutual funds has gained relatively little attention. This study examines the reverse disposition effect in detail by using policy-level data from a Finnish life insurer with a considerable sample size. The results show that the Finnish savings policies with a positive return have a surrender rate that is over 30 percent lower than that of policies with a negative return. Tax incentives and expected future returns do not seem to cause this reverse disposition effect directly. Salient information strengthens the reverse disposition effect, and higher policyholder age and surrender fees…
Promoting self-employment: Does it create more employment and business activity?
2021
International audience; We assess the economic impact of reforms promoting self-employment in the three countries that have implemented such reforms since the early 2000s: the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and France. To that end, we use an unbalanced cross country-industry dataset of 4,226 observations, including 12 OECD countries and 20 market industries, over the 1995-2016 period. We first observe, using country-level data, that the share of self-employed workers in total employment is quite stable or declines over the period in all countries in our dataset, except in the three countries where large reforms promoting self-employment have been implemented, and only after these reforms. …
Assessing commodity price risks and terms of trade exposures in emerging and developing countries
2020
This paper provides novel evidence on commodity exposure (impacts of commodity price and terms of trade fluctuations) amongst 46 emerging and developing countries (EMDCs) in Africa, Asia and the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region. We focus on the exposures of six macroeconomic variables to the commodity prices and terms of trade, based on the real business cycle (RBC) theory. Our empirical results indicate that, overall, about 10% of the macroeconomic variation amongst the EMDCs is due to commodity market-related exposures. The Asian and LAC economies are especially sensitive to changes in commodity prices. The changes in the prices of world trade have an imminent impact on non-commo…
Intellectual Property and Leverage: The Role of Patent Portfolios
2019
This paper analyses the importance of intellectual property in determining capital structure decisions. We argue that firms can use their patent stock as collateral and thereby relax possible debt financing restrictions. Using data from the European Patent Office and balance sheet data of European companies, we find that larger and more valuable patent stocks lead to higher debt-ratios - controlling for well-established capital structure determinants. We further assess variation across as well as within industries and show that effects are mainly driven by tech-oriented and research intensive firms. Drawing on a legislative change in EU- law, allows us to establish a causal relationship bet…
Measuring the Developmental Function of Peer Review: A Multi-Dimensional, Cross-Disciplinary Analysis of Peer Review Reports from 740 Academic Journa…
2021
Reviewers do not only help editors to screen manuscripts for publication in academic journals; they also serve to increase the rigor and value of manuscripts by constructive feedback. However, measuring this developmental function of peer review is difficult as it requires fine-grained data on reports and journals without any optimal benchmark. To fill this gap, we adapted a recently proposed quality assessment tool and tested it on a sample of 1.3 million reports submitted to 740 Elsevier journals in 2018–2020. Results showed that the developmental standards of peer review are shared across areas of research, yet with remarkable differences. Reports submitted to social science and economic…
A Semi-Industrial Anmbr Plant for Urban Wastewater Treatment at Ambient Temperature: Analysis of the Filtration Process, Energy Balance and Quantific…
2022
A semi-industrial scale AnMBR urban wastewater treatment plant was operated for 580 days at ambient temperature (ranging from 10-30 ○C) to assess its long-term filtration performance, energy balance and GHG emissions. The applied 20ºC-standardized transmembrane flux (J20) was varied between 15 and 25 LMH and the specific gas demand per m2 of membrane (SGDm) was modified between 0.10 to 0.40 Nm3·m-2·h-1 (corresponding to a specific gas demand per permeate volume (SGDP) between 10 to 20 Nm3·m-3). The filtration strategy allowed successful long-term operations without any chemical cleaning requirements and little fouling for 233 days. The plant operated as a net energy producer for more than 5…
Time Series Momentum in the US Stock Market: Empirical Evidence and Theoretical Implications
2020
There is much controversy in the academic literature on the presence of short-term trends in financial markets and the trend-following strategy's profitability. This paper restricts its attention to the study of time-series momentum (TSMOM) in the US stock market. The paper aims to suggest answers to several important questions regarding TSMOM and to explain the existing controversy. Our answer to the question, whether short-term trends exist, is strongly affirmative. For the first time, we suppose that the returns follow a p-order autoregressive process with p>1 and evaluate this process's parameters. Fairly accurate knowledge of the momentum generating process allows us to provide analyti…
An Analysis of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Spheroids from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
2023
Aims Current methods to induce tolerance following allotransplantation or in autoimmunity carry significant morbidity, and research is very active in investigating alternative methods which could minimize toxicity. Spheroids from adipose stem cells (SASCs) are increasingly gaining interest, they hold a great proliferative and differentiating potential. An immunomodulatory effect has not been investigated on SASCs yet. In this study, we analysed the immunomodulatory properties of SASCs and compared them to ADSCs. Main methods Adipose stem cells (SASCs and ADSCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from healthy individuals. We analysed the cytokine production and pro…
A simple method for the photometric characterization of organic light-emitting diodes
2022
A simple method for the photometric characterization of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is reported. It is based on the indirect measurement of the total emitted optical power by using a calibrated photodiode and the optical emission spectrum and space emission diagram of the OLED. From this and by measuring the current–voltage characteristic of the OLED all the relevant radiometric and photometric quantities can be extracted, including the external quantum efficiency. The usual method to collect all photons emitted by a LED source in the half space uses an integrating sphere with the LED source placed at the entrance hole and a photodiode (PD) placed at an exit hole at some point on …