Search results for "Unity"

Immunology of human rickettsial diseases.

2008

Among human rickettsial diseases caused by micro-organisms of the genus Rickettsia (Order Rickettsiales; Family Rickettsiaceae), transmitted to human hosts through arthropod vectors, Mediterranean Spotted Fever, or Boutonneuse Fever, and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever are considered to be important infectious diseases due to continued prevalence in the developed world, and potentially fatal outcome in severe cases. Proliferation of rickettsiae, at the site of the tick bite, results in focal epidermal and dermal necrosis (tache noire). Rickettsiae then spread via lymphatic vessels to the regional lymph nodes, and, via the bloodstream, to skin, brain, lungs, heart, liver, spleen and kidneys. Th…

How Can We Improve Vaccination Response in Old People? Part I: Targeting Immunosenescence of Innate Immunity Cells

2022

Vaccination, being able to prevent millions of cases of infectious diseases around the world every year, is the most effective medical intervention ever introduced. However, immunosenescence makes vaccines less effective in providing protection to older people. Although most studies explain that this is mainly due to the immunosenescence of T and B cells, the immunosenescence of innate immunity can also be a significant contributing factor. Alterations in function, number, subset, and distribution of blood neutrophils, monocytes, and natural killer and dendritic cells are detected in aging, thus potentially reducing the efficacy of vaccines in older individuals. In this paper, we focus on t…

Interactions between two parasites of brown trout (Salmo trutta): Consequences of preinfection

2018

Preinfection by one parasitic species may facilitate or by contrast hamper the subsequent penetration and/or establishment of other parasites in a host. The biology of interacting species, timing of preinfection, and dosage of subsequent parasite exposure are likely important variables in this multiparasite dynamic infection process. The increased vulnerability to subsequent infection can be an important and often overlooked factor influencing parasite virulence. We investigated how the preinfection by freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera glochidia could influence the success of subsequent infection by the common trematode Diplostomum pseudospathaceum in brown trout Salmo tru…

Evolutionary ecology of complex life cycle parasites : from genotypes to species assemblages

2012

Teachers as learners : a qualitative exploration of pre-service and in-service teachers’ continuous learning community OpenDigi

2021

This study explores pre-service and in-service teachers’ experiences in working as a learning community. Pre-service teachers (N = 60) and teacher educators (N = 9) from a Finnish university and in-service teachers (N = 27) from four local comprehensive schools worked together over six months. The teachers-as-learners continuous learning model was created and implemented in practice. The participants’ written reflections were collected to explore what they learned, what challenges they experienced and how they would further develop the model. The results showed that the pre-service and the in-service teachers reflected on their work somewhat differently. The former experienced learning grou…

Indivīda koncepts postkoloniālo apstākļu kontekstā. Trimdinieka tēla izveides principi 20. gs. 40. gadu politiskā un 21. gs. sākuma ekonomiskā trimda

2016

Lai ilustrētu un pētītu laikmetīgo realitāti bieži tiek izmantots tieši postkoloniālais diskurss. Taču, lai pielāgotu šo teoriju, kas pēc būtības ir sabiedriska teorija, arī literatūrzinātniskiem pētījumiem vai ar literatūrzinātni saistītiem starpdisciplināriem pētījumiem, jāņem vērā arī autora jeb apkārtējās realitātes dokumentētāja izteikti subjektīvais pasauluzskats. Šī pētījuma mērķis ir, fiksējot galvenos konceptus un likumsakarības starp tiem, kurus dokumentē atsevišķi pēckara un ekonomisko trimdu pārstāvoši autori savos darbos, salīdzināt šo autoru uztverto realitāti (īpaši sabiedrisko realitāti) ar to interpretāciju par realitāti, kuru piedāvā postkoloniālais diskurss, kā arī ar ats…

The grapevine LysM receptor-like kinase VvLYK5-1 mediates chitin-triggered immunity

2021

The establishment of defense reactions to protect plants against invading pathogens first requiresthe recognition of Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns (MAMPs), detected by plasmamembrane-bound Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs). These MAMPs, also termed elicitors, areused in several biocontrol products that are gradually developing to reduce the use of chemicalpesticides in agriculture. Chitin, the main component of fungal cell walls, as well as its deacetylatedderivative, chitosan, are two chitooligosaccharides (COS) that can be found in some of theseproducts. Unfortunately, the mechanism allowing the perception of these molecules is still poorlyunderstood in Vitis vinifera, sometime…

Access to Higher Education: An Instrument for Fair Societies?

2019

Access to higher education (HE) has a long history. To offer a view on the current debates and worldwide issues regarding access to HE, this editorial depicts how the control of educational access has historically been used as an instrument of governance at the interface of two processes: social stratification and the territorialisation of politics. Access to HE has remained embedded in these large structural processes even though HE has expanded from a highly elitist institution into mass education systems with equity of educational opportunities having become a desirable goal across societies. Analysing these processes helps understand the complex mechanisms producing inequalities in HE t…

Sense of coherence and health among home-dwelling older people.

2010

Sense of coherence (SOC) is important for maintaining health. The aim of this study was to investigate if the SOC experience among home-dwelling physically active older people differs from that of hospital patients with the same age and sex. Data were collected with questionnaires and structured interviews containing Antonovsky’s SOC scale in an age- and sex-matched study group (n=160). Non-parametric statistical analyses were performed. No differences were found in SOC between home-dwelling individuals and patients. Ninety-five percent of the home-dwelling individuals perceived themselves as being in good health and 42.5% among the patients (p<0.001). SOC and disease were predictors fo…

Calcium Pre-Rinse: Effect on permeability of dentin tubules by fluoride rinse

2019

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate whether calcium (CaL) solution would enhance the capacity of sodium fluoride (NaF) solution in reducing the permeability of hypersensitive dentin. Material and Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats ingested for 45 days acidic isotonic drink (Gatorade, pH 2.7) ad libitum to induce dental erosion. Then, molar teeth received a cold stimulus to confirm the presence and score the intensity of dentin hypersensitivity based on body contraction and noise. Animals were allocated to four groups (n=8), according to the solution(s) applied in the oral cavity: NaF (12 mmol/L, 1 min); CaL (150 mmol/L, 1 min); CaL followed by NaF (CaF+NaF, 1 min each); distilled w…