Search results for "anesthesiology"

3 He-MRI-based vs. conventional determination of lung volumes in patients after unilateral lung transplantation: a new approach to regional spirometry

2002

Background: To use 3Helium (3He)-MRI in patients with unilateral lung grafts to assess the contributions of graft and native lung to total ventilated lung volume, and second to compare conventional measurements of intrapulmonary gas volume (spirometry, body plethysmography) with image-based volumetry of ventilated lung parenchyma visualized by hyperpolarized 3He-MRI. Methods: With Ethics Committee approval, five patients with single lung transplantation (SLTX) for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) underwent both conventional pulmonary function testing (PFT) and 3He-MRI of the lung. Intrapulmonary gas volume (GV) during the inspiratory breathhold for 3He-MRI was calculated from measured fu…

Recommended practice for out-of-hospital emergency anaesthesia in adults: Statement from the Out-of-Hospital Emergency Anaesthesia Working Group of t…

2016

Emergency anaesthesia is an important therapeutic measure in out-of-hospital emergency medicine. The associated risks are considerably higher than those of in-hospital anaesthesia. The primary objectives of emergency anaesthesia are hypnosis, analgesia, oxygenation and ventilation through airway management. The secondary objectives of emergency anaesthesia are amnesia, anxiolysis, the reduction of oxygen consumption and respiratory work, the protection of vital organs and the avoidance of secondary myocardial and cerebral damage. A critical evaluation of the indications for outof- hospital emergency anaesthesia must take into consideration patient, case and provider-related factors. Rapid s…

Machine learning for a combined electroencephalographic anesthesia index to detect awareness under anesthesia

2020

Spontaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) and auditory evoked potentials (AEP) have been suggested to monitor the level of consciousness during anesthesia. As both signals reflect different neuronal pathways, a combination of parameters from both signals may provide broader information about the brain status during anesthesia. Appropriate parameter selection and combination to a single index is crucial to take advantage of this potential. The field of machine learning offers algorithms for both parameter selection and combination. In this study, several established machine learning approaches including a method for the selection of suitable signal parameters and classification algorithms are a…

Sensory and sympathetic correlates of heat pain sensitization and habituation in men and women

2012

Background Habituation and sensitization are important behavioural responses to repeated exposure to painful stimuli, but little is known about the factors determining sensory, affective and sympathetic habituation to repeated pain stimulation in men and women. Methods Thirty volunteers (15 women) underwent a standardized heat pain paradigm spread over 8 consecutive days. At the beginning of the experiment, personality dimensions, coping strategies and pain catastrophizing thoughts were determined. Receiving a series of 10 blocks of six painful heat stimuli a day, participants rated pain intensity and unpleasantness. Skin conductance was recorded throughout the sessions. Results and Conclus…

Neuromodulation of chronic headaches: position statement from the European Headache Federation

2013

The medical treatment of patients with chronic primary headache syndromes (chronic migraine, chronic tension-type headache, chronic cluster headache, hemicrania continua) is challenging as serious side effects frequently complicate the course of medical treatment and some patients may be even medically intractable. When a definitive lack of responsiveness to conservative treatments is ascertained and medication overuse headache is excluded, neuromodulation options can be considered in selected cases.Here, the various invasive and non-invasive approaches, such as hypothalamic deep brain stimulation, occipital nerve stimulation, stimulation of sphenopalatine ganglion, cervical spinal cord sti…

Anaphylaktoide Reaktion auf ein nichtionisches Röntgenkontrastmittel in Allgemeinanästhesie

1990

The occurrence of adverse reactions is decreasing since the introduction of non-ionic contrast media. Anaphylactoid reactions during general anaesthesia are rare and hitherto only documented with the administration of ionic compounds. We report an episode of hypotension, tachycardia, bronchospasm and urticaria following application of a non-ionic contrast medium (Iopamidol) during isoflurane anaesthesia. We conclude that a combinent use of anaesthesia and non-ionic contrast media does not guaranty protection from anaphylactoid reactions to iodinated radiopaque compounds.

Prolonged anaesthesia with isoflurane and halothane. Effects on hepatic function.

2007

Hepatic function was assessed pre-operatively and on the first and sixth postoperative days in 40 healthy patients who underwent prolonged maxillofacial surgery with isoflurane or halothane anaesthesia. No major changes were observed in hepatic enzymes or bilirubin. One-stage prothrombin time and Factor VII concentrations decreased on the first postoperative day and this change was more pronounced in the halothane group. The results support the use of isoflurane rather than halothane for prolonged anaesthesia in respect of the synthesising function of the liver.

Airway topical anaesthesia for awake fibreoptic intubation - a reply

2016

Factores predictores de mortalidad y estrategias de detección precoz de síndrome hepatopulmonar en pacientes trasplantados hepáticos

2016

ResumenIntroducciónEl síndrome hepatopulmonar (SHP) es una enfermedad grave y progresiva cuya fisiopatología reside en un shunt intrapulmonar con hipoxia y deterioro clínico severo. Como único tratamiento efectivo se ha postulado el trasplante hepático (TH), en pacientes adecuadamente seleccionados.ObjetivoReconocer la importancia del diagnóstico temprano del SHP.Pacientes y métodosMediante un estudio observacional, descriptivo, con carácter retrospectivo de 8 pacientes con SHP, a los que se les realizó TH en el período entre abril del 2006 y agosto del 2014. Se han revisado los datos clínicos previos al trasplante y el seguimiento tras este.Se empleó un estudio multivariante (stepwise forw…

[The role of the anesthesiologist in secondary hyperparathyroidism].

2010

In the last years the increasing of diabetes and hypertension has produced a considerable increase of patients with chronic renal failure; secondary hyperparathyroidism is one of the major complications. The resection of hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue is the ultimate goal of the treatment. The preoperative examination by the anesthetist is the starting-point of the treatment. The anesthetist programs hemodialysis, the correction of fluid and electrolyte abnormalities and of the anaemia. In the operating room the anesthetist is involved in the careful monitoring of liquid infusion and anesthesiological procedure. The intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) assay is an essential tool be…