Search results for "animal husbandry"
showing 10 items of 28 documents
Monsoon and land use in Sri Lanka
1979
Agricultural land use in Sri Lanka roughly shows a division of the island in two major parts, according to the climatic division into the Wet and Dry Zones. Therefore, it is the ultimate, most important question for agricultural land use in Sri Lanka whether the seasonal occurrence of a distinct dry season, which is characteristic of the Dry Zone, is also the most delimiting factor for land use or not. It seems true, in fact, that the long SW monsoonal dry season in the Dry Zone is the major fact for a large-scale division of Sri Lanka according to the crops under cultivation and the cropping systems. Paddy (rice) and tea are the leading crops in the Dry as well as Wet Zone. They are at the…
Additive effects of enhanced ambient ultraviolet B radiation and increased temperature on immune function, growth and physiological condition of juve…
2009
Climate change models predict increased ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation levels due to stratospheric ozone depletion and global warming. In order to study the impact of these two environmental stressors acting simultaneously on the physiology of fish, Atlantic salmon parr were exposed, for 8 weeks in outdoor tanks, to different combinations of UVB radiation (depleted and enhanced) and temperature (standard rearing temperature of 14 °C or 19 °C). The immune function (plasma IgM, lysozyme activity and complement bacteriolytic activity), growth (body weight) and physiological condition (haematocrit and plasma protein concentration) of the fish were determined. Increased UVB level, regardless of w…
4000 years of human dietary evolution in central Germany, from the first farmers to the first elites
2018
Investigation of human diet during the Neolithic has often been limited to a few archaeological cultures or single sites. In order to provide insight into the development of human food consumption and husbandry strategies, our study explores bone collagen carbon and nitrogen isotope data from 466 human and 105 faunal individuals from 26 sites in central Germany. It is the most extensive data set to date from an enclosed geographic microregion, covering 4,000 years of agricultural history from the Early Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age. The animal data show that a variety of pastures and dietary resources were explored, but that these changed remarkably little over time. In the human δ15N h…
Inhibitory avoidance in CD1 mice: sex matters, as does the supplier.
2013
The purpose of the present work was to study possible differences in the learning of inhibitory avoidance (also called passive avoidance) in male and female CD1 mice acquired from three different suppliers, for which a one-trial step-through version of the paradigm was employed. Ninety-six mice from Charles River (France), Janvier (France) and Harlan (The Netherlands) laboratories were divided by sex and assigned to group C, J or H, respectively (n=16). The animals were tested in the training phase (foot-shock: 0.3mA, 5s) and again for avoidance (no foot-shock delivered) one week later. Inhibitory avoidance learning (test latencies significantly higher than training latencies) was observed …
Combined effect of type and capture area of counting chamber and diluent on Holstein bull sperm kinematics
2018
The evaluation of sperm motion is crucial for processing of seminal doses for artificial insemination. Here, the combined effect of the type and capture area of three counting chambers, together with the type of diluent employed, on sperm motility was analysed. Ejaculates from thirteen Holstein bulls were used for sperm kinematic analysis with the ISAS® v1 CASA-Mot system, using two capillary-loaded counting chambers (Leja® and Cell-Vu® ) and one drop displacement chamber (Makler® ). Nine fixed positions were analysed per chamber type, considering central and lateral and three longitudinal fields. Independent of the diluent used, differences were found between the three chambers. Independen…
High prevalence of Blastocystis sp. in pigs reared under intensive growing systems: Frequency of ribotypes and associated risk factors
2007
Three hundred and ninety-five pig fecal samples were analyzed looking for Blastocystis sp. using optical microscopy and PCR. A global prevalence of 46.8% has been observed in this study, although relative values of prevalence differ notably according to the strata examined, ranging from 9.3% in sows to 75% in weaners. Statistic analysis of the data included several risk factors such as different management systems, date of sample collection, fecal consistency, age and sex of the animals. The presence of the parasite was statistically associated to the variables "age" and "date of sample collection", being more prevalent in weaners and grower pigs and warm season. Random fragment-length poly…
Surveillance and control of African Swine Fever in free‐ranging pigs in Sardinia
2019
SUMMARY African swine fever (ASF) is a notifiable infectious disease, caused by the ASF virus (ASFV), which is a DNA virus belonging to the family Asfarviridae, genus Asfivirus. This disease has gained importance in the last decade after its spread in several countries in Eastern and Central Europe, and more recently, in China. Despite the efforts made to eradicate it, ASF is still present on the Mediterranean island of Sardinia (Italy) and has been since 1978. ASF risk factors on the island have been analysed in previous studies; the role of free‐ranging pigs in virus persistence has been suggested, but has not been fully elucidated. The most recent eradication plan provides more stringent…
Re-establishment of complement C6-deficient rabbit colony by cryopreserved sperm transported from abroad.
2007
Introducing rabbits as genetic materials into institutes for experimental animals from other colonies is essential for biomedical research. Currently, it is inconvenient to transport live rabbits from abroad, since they suffer from stress, are prone to accidents and must be inspected, as well as endure quarantine during the often long journey. To overcome these limitations of live animals, we transported sperm cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Rabbit sperm was collected from complement C6-deficient rabbits in Germany and then transported to Japan using a dry-shipper containing liquid nitrogen. After thawing the frozen semen and artificial insemination (AI), eleven live pups were born. Subse…
Effects of Acute Handling Stress on Whitefish Coregonus lavaretus After Prolonged Exposure to Biologically Treated and Untreated Bleached Kraft Mill …
2000
Exposure of fish to water of impaired quality has been shown to disrupt the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis and alter the interpretation of data from field studies due to the varying effects of handling and delayed sampling on exposed and reference animals. In the present study, juvenile whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus, were exposed for 6 weeks to diluted (4-8%) untreated and biologically treated bleached kraft mill effluent (BKME) and their response to acute handling was investigated. Liver microsomal EROD activity and glycogen phosphorylase (GPase) activity, in addition to gill Na+-K+-ATPase activity, and blood hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were increased in …
Peran Sektor Pertanian Arti Luas dalam Perekonomian Papua (Pendekatan Model Input-Output)
2018
The aim of this study is to know contribution of agriculture sectors on Gross Domestic Product of Papua in 2002 based on input-output table analysis. The result of analyzing shows that contribution of agriculture sectors in broad meaning to Gross Domestic Regional Product of Papua about 20,11% . Based on backward linkage analysis, it describes that plantations subsector; animal husbandry subsector and fishery subsector have an increase number in backward linkage, on the other hand backward linkage of food crops goes down. Furthermore, forward linkage of agriculture sectors which have link with others sector is fall in 2002. In conclusion, contribution of agriculture setors on Gross Domestic…