Search results for "cancer."
showing 10 items of 11362 documents
Radiation protection of patients undergoing high-dose-rate brachytherapy: peripheral dose estimation, review of radiation risks and implant shielding…
2015
La braquiterapia (BT) es una modalidad de tratamiento de radioterapia en la que se coloca una fuente radiactiva encapsulada cerca, en contacto o en el interior del volumen a tratar. La desintegración de esta fuente produce la emisión de energía, lo que puede dar lugar a la muerte celular. Una dosis absorbida muy elevada (la dosis absorbida se define como la energía absorbida por unidad de masa) se deposita en un corto período de tiempo y en un pequeño número de fracciones. Para poder realizar un tratamiento de BT se requiere que el volumen de tratamiento sea accesible y bien delimitado en tamaño y forma. La BT se utiliza comúnmente como una modalidad de tratamiento eficaz para el cáncer de …
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors and Atherosclerosis
2011
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) represent the family of 3 nuclear receptor isoforms-PPARα, -γ, and -δ/β, which are encoded by different genes. As lipid sensors, they are primarily involved in regulation of lipid metabolism and subsequently in inflammation and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis considers accumulation of the cells and extracellular matrix in the vessel wall leading to the formation of atherosclerotic plaque, atherothrombosis, and other vascular complications. Besides existence of natural ligands for PPARs, their more potent synthetic ligands are fibrates and thiazolidindiones. Future investigations should now focus on the mechanisms of PPARs activation, …
Is HLA type a possible cancer risk modifier in Lynch syndrome?
2022
Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most common inherited cancer syndrome. It is inherited via a monoallelic germline variant in one of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. LS carriers have a broad 30-80% risk of developing various malignancies, and more precise, individual risk estimations would be of high clinical value, allowing tailored cancer prevention and surveillance. Due to MMR deficiency, LS cancers are characterized by the accumulation of frameshift mutations leading to highly immunogenic frameshift peptides (FSPs). Thus, immune surveillance is proposed to inhibit the outgrowth of MMR-deficient cell clones. Recent studies have shown that immunoediting during the evolution of MMR-deficient…
Modulation of Efficient Diiodo-BODIPY in vitro Phototoxicity to Cancer Cells by Carbon Nano-Onions
2020
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is currently one of the most promising approaches for targeted cancer treatment. It is based on responses of vital physiological signals, namely reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are associated with diseased condition development, such as tumors. This study presents the synthesis, incorporation, and application of a diiodo-BODIPY based photosensitizer, based on a non-covalent functionalization of carbon nano-onions (CNOs). In vitro assays demonstrate that HeLa cells internalize the diiodo-BODIPY molecules, and their CNOs nanohybrids. Upon cell internalization and light exposure, the pyrene-diiodo-BODIPY molecules induce an increase of the ROS level of HeLa cell…
TRAIL acts synergistically with iron oxide nanocluster-mediated magneto- and photothermia
2019
International audience; Targeting TRAIL (Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand) receptors for cancer therapy remains challenging due to tumor cell resistance and poor preparations of TRAIL or its derivatives. Herein, to optimize its therapeutic use, TRAIL was grafted onto iron oxide nanoclusters (NCs) with the aim of increasing its pro-apoptotic potential through nanoparticle-mediated magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) or photothermia (PT). Methods: The nanovector, NC@TRAIL, was characterized in terms of size, grafting efficiency, and potential for MHT and PT. The therapeutic function was assessed on a TRAIL-resistant breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, wild type (WT) or T…
Physical and Quality of Life Changes in Elderly Patients after Laparoscopic Surgery for Colorectal Cancer—A Prospective Cohort Study
2022
Background—The incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing among elderly people, where postoperative complications are frequent. Methods—We evaluated postoperative physical and quality of life changes in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. A prospective cohort study was performed in 31 colorectal cancer patients ≥60 years who were scheduled for laparoscopic surgery due to colorectal cancer. Outcomes were measured one month preoperative (T1), three days postoperative (T2) and one month postoperative (T3). Results—The largest early postoperative (from T1 to T2) declines were observed for isometric knee extension strength (33.1%), 30 s …
Bar à vin dans un établissement de santé : un dispositif innovant d’atelier thérapeutique
2016
International audience; Comme le souligne justement Antoine Hennion dans son plaidoyer pour une approche pragmatique du soin et de l’accompagnement (2006), la maladie est avant tout une rupture modifiant profondément le socle identitaire et l’altérité du malade. La rupture touche alors l’intégrité et la vie sociale. Cette double rupture a des impacts sur la vie dans son ensemble et en redessine les contours. Dans le cadre du projet de recherche ALIMS (Alimentation et Lutte contre les Inégalités en Milieu de Santé), une série d’entretiens a été conduite avec des patients hospitalisés, atteints d’un cancer et en cure de chimiothérapie. L’analyse des premières données montre toute la complexit…
Les ateliers de cuisine : un outil thérapeutique pour le soin et le plaisir des patients
2018
International audience; Les patients atteints d’un cancer se retrouvent souvent confrontés à un ensemble de problématiques les conduisant à opérer des modifications dans leurs pratiques alimentaires. Cet article présente un dispositif d’ateliers culinaires1 à destination des patientes atteintes d’un cancer ainsi que son évaluation tendant à montrer qu’il s’agit d’un outil thérapeutique aidant les patients à mieux prendre en charge leur alimentation. Deux paramètres seront plus spécifiquement étudiés : la déconstruction des idées reçues autour de l’alimentation et l’animation pluridisciplinaire avec la présence d’un chef de cuisine. L’exploration de ces deux points permet d’illustrer que les…
DES-polyacetals as polymer therapeutics for the treatment of prostate cancer
2012
Esta tesis se centra en el diseño de nuevos conjugados polímero-fármaco sensibles a pH para usarse como agentes únicos o en terapia de combinación para el tratamiento del cáncer hormono-dependiente, en particular cáncer de próstata. Éstos conjugados se basan en sístemas poliacetalicos previamente descritos en los que el fármaco forma parte de la cadena principal del polímero. En el microambiente tumoral o después de la absorción celular por endocitosis, el descenso del pH encontrado en el compartimiento ácido del endosoma lisosomal, desencadena la degradación del polímero y como consecuencia la liberación del fármaco que se difunde fuera en el citosol. Para el diseño de éstos sistemas, la n…
Disability, illness and physical activity: a (post)qualitative research
2019
This PhD thesis is an assemblage of papers addressing 1) disability, illness and physical activity; and 2) (post)qualitative inquiry. The thesis tackles the case of Patrick, a man living with poor prognostic cancer and paraplegia. Overall, it examines in-depth how narrative and material forces acted by shaping Patrick’s struggle of becoming, and which role physical activity played in his life post-diagnosis. Data was obtained from life-story interviews, participant-produced images in different formats and object interviews, as well as three years of informal interactions with Patrick. The selection of data collection techniques was subjected to ethical considerations meant to preserve Patri…