Search results for "cellula"
showing 10 items of 6516 documents
Survival trends for primary liver cancer, 1995–2009: analysis of individual data for 578,740 patients from 187 population-based registries in 36 coun…
2019
CONCORD Working Group Members: Africa—Algeria: S Bouzbid (Registre du Cancer d’Annaba); M Hamdi-Chérif*, Z Zaidi (Registre du Cancer de Sétif); Gambia: R Swaminathan (National Cancer Registry); Lesotho: SH Nortje (Children’s Haematology Oncology Clinics - Lesotho); Libya: MM El Mistiri (Benghazi Cancer Registry); Mali: S Bayo, B Malle (Kankou Moussa University); Mauritius: SS Manraj, R Sewpaul-Sungkur (Mauritius National Cancer Registry); Nigeria: A Fabowale, OJ Ogunbiyi* (Ibadan Cancer Registry); South Africa: D Bradshaw, NIM Somdyala (Eastern Cape Province Cancer Registry); DC Stefan (Umtata University); Tunisia: L Jaidane, M Mokni (Registre du Cancer du Centre Tunisien). America (Central…
Extracellular Vesicles as Shuttles of Tumor Biomarkers and Anti-Tumor Drugs
2014
Extracellular vesicles (EV) include vesicles released by either normal or tumor cells. EV may exceed the nanometric scale (microvesicles), or to be within the nanoscale, also called exosomes. Thus, it appears that only exosomes and larger vesicles may have the size for potential applications in nanomedicine, in either disease diagnosis or therapy. This is of particular interest for research in cancer, also because the vast majority of existing data on EV are coming from pre-clinical and clinical oncology. We know that the microenvironmental features of cancer may favor cell-to-cell paracrine communication through EV, but EV have been purified, characterized, and quantified from plasma of tu…
Extracellular vesicle DNA from human melanoma tissues contains cancer-specific mutations
2022
Liquid biopsies are promising tools for early diagnosis and residual disease monitoring in patients with cancer, and circulating tumor DNA isolated from plasma has been extensively studied as it has been shown to contain tumor-specific mutations. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) present in tumor tissues carry tumor-derived molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, and thus EVs can potentially represent a source of cancer-specific DNA. Here we identified the presence of tumor-specific DNA mutations in EVs isolated from six human melanoma metastatic tissues and compared the results with tumor tissue DNA and plasma DNA. Tumor tissue EVs were isolated using enzymatic treatment followed by ultra…
Simulation and validation of urban dynamics with cellular automata
2018
Cet article, rédigé en 2008, présente les évolutions importantes la plateforme SpaCelle pour simuler l'évolution d'un espace à l'aide d'automate cellulaire. En particulier, la version 5 permet la structuration multi-couches des cellules pour gérer la dynamique de plusieurs variables définies sur un maillage. Elle permet aussi d'utiliser des cellules de type linéaires ou ponctuelles à travers des couches de type réseau. Les différentes couches ont leur propre dynamique et les règles peuvent faire interagir les couches entre elles. Ces fonctionnalités avancées ont permis de construire un nouveau modèle sur l'évolution de l'agglomération rouennaise plus proche de la réalité terrain en utilisan…
Flow cytometric analysis of chronic and acute toxicity of copper(II) on the marine dinoflagellateAmphidinium carterae
2001
Background Copper(II) is a heavy metal whose levels have increased in some marine ecosystems to polluting levels. Dinoflagellates, an important phytoplankton group, are at the base of aquatic food chains and bioaccumulation of copper by these microorganisms can result in complex ecosystem alterations, so we investigated how copper disturbs those cells. Methods Cytotoxic effects of sublethal and lethal copper concentrations ranging from 4.2 nM (control condition) to 3.13 μM estimated labile copper were studied in batch cultures of Amphidinium carterae. Cell morphology, motility, autofluorescence, and fluorescein diacetate (FDA)–dependent fluorescence generation were evaluated by flow cytomet…
LE VESCICOLE EXTRACELLULARI VEGETALI PER LO SVILUPPO DI NUOVI NUTRACEUTICI: STUDIO PRE-CLINICO E CLINICO DELLE PROPRIETÀ BIOLOGICHE DELLE VESCICOLE I…
2021
Razionale dello studio: Le vescicole extracellulari (EVs) sono strutture lipoproteiche rilasciate dalle cellule animali e vegetali, che veicolano sostanze bioattive tra cui lipidi, proteine, acidi nucleici e altri metaboliti, rendendole più stabili e biodisponibili. EVs isolate da semi, foglie e frutti di svariate specie vegetali presentano attività anti-tumorale, anti-infiammatoria ed anti-ossidante. Metodi e Risultati: Il nostro gruppo di ricerca si occupa da anni della caratterizzazione strutturale e funzionale delle EVs da succo di limone (LEVs). Le LEVs esercitano effetti antinfiammatori sia in vitro, su linee di macrofagi murini, che ex vivo, su linfociti T, attraverso l’inibizione de…
Infection-induced chromatin modifications facilitate translocation of herpes simplex virus capsids to the inner nuclear membrane
2021
Herpes simplex virus capsids are assembled and packaged in the nucleus and move by diffusion through the nucleoplasm to the nuclear envelope for egress. Analyzing their motion provides conclusions not only on capsid transport but also on the properties of the nuclear environment during infection. We utilized live-cell imaging and single-particle tracking to characterize capsid motion relative to the host chromatin. The data indicate that as the chromatin was marginalized toward the nuclear envelope it presented a restrictive barrier to the capsids. However, later in infection this barrier became more permissive and the probability of capsids to enter the chromatin increased. Thus, although …
Nuclear localization but not PML protein is required for incorporation of the papillomavirus minor capsid protein L2 into virus-like particles.
2004
ABSTRACT Recent reports suggest that nuclear domain(s) 10 (ND10) is the site of papillomavirus morphogenesis. The viral genome replicates in or close to ND10. In addition, the minor capsid protein, L2, accumulates in these subnuclear structures and recruits the major capsid protein, L1. We have now used cell lines deficient for promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein, the main structural component of ND10, to study the role of this nuclear protein for L2 incorporation into virus-like particles (VLPs). L2 expressed in PML protein knockout (PML −/− ) cells accumulated in nuclear dots, which resemble L2 aggregates forming at ND10 in PML protein-containing cells. These L2 assemblies also attracted…
The Extracellular δ-Domain is Essential for the Formation of CD81 Tetraspanin Webs
2014
AbstractCD81 is a ubiquitously expressed member of the tetraspanin family. It forms large molecular platforms, so-called tetraspanin webs that play physiological roles in a variety of cellular functions and are involved in viral and parasite infections. We have investigated which part of the CD81 molecule is required for the formation of domains in the cell membranes of T-cells and hepatocytes. Surprisingly, we find that large CD81 platforms assemble via the short extracellular δ-domain, independent from a strong primary partner binding and from weak interactions mediated by palmitoylation. The δ-domain is also essential for the platforms to function during viral entry. We propose that, ins…
In vitro studies on the activation of the hepatitis C virus NS3 proteinase by the NS4A cofactor.
1996
AbstractProteolytic processing of the nonstructural proteins of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is mediated by two viral proteinases: the NS2-3 proteinase cleaving at the NS2/3 junction and the NS3 serine-type proteinase responsible for processing at the NS3/4A, NS4A/B, NS4B/5A, and NS5A/B sites. Activity of the NS3 proteinase is modulated by NS4A. In the absence of this cofactor processing at the NS3-dependent sites does not occur or, in the case of the NS5A/B junction, is poor but increased when NS4A is present. Although recent studies demonstrated that proteinase activation requires direct interaction between NS3 and NS4A, the mechanism by which NS4A exerts the activation function is not kno…