Search results for "criminal law."
showing 10 items of 266 documents
Libre circulación de inversiones en la Unión Europea en tiempos de COVID-19
2020
Las inversiones extranjeras han fluido como nunca durante las últimas décadas, en el marco de una aceptación generalizada de sus beneficios. Esta situación, sin embargo, comienza a alterarse de forma acelerada en múltiples lugares del planeta. La presencia de un entorno geoestratégico más complejo y la aproximación crítica de muchos Estados hacia la globalización y lo que ella significa, está consolidando una visión más cautelosa hacia la libre circulación de inversiones extranjeras que, entre otros efectos, se plasma en la elaboración de normativas más restrictivas. La Unión Europea es un espacio económicamente integrado, muy abierto a las inversiones extranjeras y dotado además, de una po…
Migrantenschmuggel im Mittelmeer: Der Fall Italien
2019
Although in the public debate immigration is considered as an emergency, this paper begins taking into account the real data of such a phenomenon, strongly decreased in the past 18 months. It is then examined the issue of the illegal immigrant in Italy from a criminal law standpoint, in order to overcome the idea of reducing it to trafficking, focusing rather on the human nature of each individual, always involved in the crime of aiding and abetting illegal immigration, not being the perpetrator of the said offence. In light of the above the rights in the crucial phase of immigrants' reception can be better assessed, focusing then on administrative and criminal policies. In conclusion the p…
The Role of Nature in the Secularization of Criminal Law in Europe (17th–19th Centuries)
2020
Some authors have argued that enlightenment authors endorsed a social contract that was not compatible with the existence of laws of nature or a moral foundation for criminal law, while nineteenth-century liberal criminal lawyers founded criminal law upon a natural law theory, based on divine commands. This chapter demonstrates on the contrary that enlightenment authors did not necessarily make a sharp distinction between morality and criminal law, nor did 19th-century criminal lawyers adopted a conception of criminal law that was too heavily dependent on morality, as it was defended by medieval and early-modern-age scholars. The traditional dichotomy between enlightened thinkers and tradit…
The defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt in the Italian criminal justice system
2021
The criminal law standard of Beyond A Reasonable Doubt (BARD) constitutes an evidentiary and judicial rule, formulated and applied for centuries in common law jurisdictions, which was expressly stated in the Italian Code of Criminal Procedure only about fifteen years ago. Unfortunately, the concept of reasonable doubt is inherently complex and does not easily lend itself to definition or refinement. In this regard, the Author examines especially the various positions and elaborations developed by legal literature and case-law in Italy, proposing a specific interpretation of the BARD rule that enhances and completes the particular procedural connotations of the adversarial system adopted i…
Cuando el aprendizaje basado en la práctica profesional no provoca un interés laboral
2021
The link between the academic and the professional has become an essential element in promoting the educational quality of today’s University. This article shows an experience of teaching innovation in higher education based on the use of professional technologies brought to the educational field. Specifically, the computer application and methodology used professionally by CEAL-Spanish Association of Socio-Labour Auditors in the development of their work, and which has allowed the professionalization of teaching and bringing it closer to the reality of the professional collective. A questionnaire was used to find out the students’ perception of the methodological proposal and its potential…
The crime of consumption of alcoholic beverages in the Somali Penal Code
2021
Somalia is a Muslim country whose criminal law has been based on the 1930 Italian penal code to which some changes have been made to try to adapt it to the local context. One of these changes has been to introduce the crime of consumption of alcoholic beverages, a crime that anyway could be committed only by local Somali people due to their religious belief. This chapter analyzes this part of the Somali penal code trying to highlight the issues arising from the text of the law. The analysis is compared to the regime existing in the other Muslim African countries to understand similarities and differences with the Somali regulation. A conclusion is then drawn up also in view of a possible fu…
Note brevi a margine della proposta di riforma dei reati ambientali del gruppo di studio dell'associazione dei professori di diritto penale
2022
A partire dall’analisi della proposta di riforma dei reati contro l’ambiente elaborata dal Gruppo di studio dell’Associazione italiana dei Professori di Diritto Penale, il contributo riflette sui principali problemi teorici del diritto penale ambientale (tipizzazione dell’evento lesivo nelle fattispecie di inquinamento e di disastro ambientale, imputazione soggettiva dei delitti aggravati dall’evento, contrasto penale alle c.d. “ecomafie” nel settore dei rifiuti ecc.), mettendo a confronto le soluzioni suggerite nel testo con le prospettive di riforma contenute nella recente Proposta di Direttiva del Parlamento europeo e del Consiglio sulla Protezione dell’ambiente at- traverso il diritto p…
Principios que rigen la responsabilidad internacional penal por crímenes internacionales
2012
La responsabilidad internacional penal de los individuos se inscribe en el marco de la lucha contra la impunidad de los crímenes más graves y tiene por objeto la persecución y sanción de los criminales que se encuentran a la cabeza de la empresa criminal. Por lo tanto, responde a una serie de principios generales de derecho penal y de derecho internacional que han sido sometidos a una evolución constante por parte de la jurisprudencia internacional. El artículo que se presenta a continuación muestra tal evolución y el estado actual de la discusión en el marco del Estatuto de Roma.
Del escepticismo al entusiasmo en mediación penal, de la “Restorative Justice” a la “Reconstructive Justice” (Referencia especial al Estatuto Jurídic…
2014
Spanish Abstract: En la ya larga historia del Derecho Penal se ha venido anudando la ideologia politica y la concepcion de Estado con los postulados politicos y juridicos que conformaron en el Siglo XIX el denominado Derecho Penal clasico. Desde esos postulados el Derecho Penal asumia un papel retributivo, primero, y preventivo , despues, si bien la evolucion politica, juridica y social, e incluso economica, ha modulado algunos de aquellos postulados, incorporando, desde finales del Siglo XX, algunas practicas restaurativas. Asi, aun conservando respuestas preventivas mas o menos represiva, con ciertos tintes utilitaristas de la pena , la justicia restaurativa ha ido adentrandose en la mayo…
Combined Anchoring: Prosecution and defense claims as sequential anchors in the courtroom
2021
Purpose When making judgements under uncertainty not only lay people but also professional judges often rely on heuristics like a numerical anchor (e.g., a numerical sentencing demand) to generate a numerical response. As the prosecution has the privilege to present its demand first, some scholars have speculated about an anchoring���based unfair disadvantage for the defence (who has the last albeit less effective word in court). Despite the plausibility of this reasoning, it is based on a hitherto untested assumption that the first of two sequential anchors exerts a greater influence on a later judgement (a primacy effect). We argue that it is also conceivable that the last word in court h…