Search results for "economies"

Les nouvelles formes urbaines : entre multipolarisation et suburbanisation des emplois Le cas de la communauté d'agglomération dijonnaise (1990 ; 199…

2008

Territoires urbains en transition. Monographie d’un quartier populaire en résilience écologique, Editions Universitaires de Dijon, décembre 2015

2015

National audience; Que faites-vous pour la planète? Vous prenez le vélo pour aller travailler? Vous recyclez des tissus pour fabriquer et peut-être vendre des vêtements? Vous avez choisi une pratique sportive durable dans un club près de chez vous? Vous mangez bio? Vous utilisez les réseaux sociaux pour faire connaître vos éco-gestes à vos voisins ou à l'autre bout du monde? Imaginez... A quoi pourrait ressembler un quartier populaire en 2050, si on ne fait rien pour protéger l’environnement ou, à l'inverse, si on fait tout pour le préserver?Une équipe pluridisciplinaire a enquêté durant deux ans, entre 2012 et 2014, auprès de la population d'un de ces quartiers, la Fontaine d'Ouche, en pro…

Quantiles de régression : applications à la construction de courbes de référence

2006

Mutation du patient et construction d'un marché de la santé. L'expérience française.

2008

International audience; Cet article propose une lecture comparée de deux évolutions parallèles majeures de la politique de santé : l’autonomisation du patient et la régulation par la demande. Une première tendance de fond est de prendre en considération le patient comme acteur autonome. Dans les faits, l’émergence d’un patient actif s’est traduite par la structuration d’un droit des patients privilégiant le droit à l’information et la recherche du consentement éclairé. Simultanément la politique économique met l’accent sur la demande dans la régulation de la dépense de santé. Cette double évolution conduit à l’émergence d’un consommateur de soins. Elle s’appuie sur la structuration d’un con…

Do agglomeration economies are lower for polluting sectors?

2019

This article explore how the relation between productivity and local city-size can be mitigated by pollution. More specifically, we estimate agglomeration economies considering a new source of heterogeneity among industries: the degree of pollution. Due to pollution perception acting as a dispersion force, we expect net agglomeration economies to be lower for polluting firms. In fact, polluting firms may anticipate that households and other firms are reluctant to locate near sources of pollution. In this paper, we exploit spatial data on sectoral emissions for a large number of air pollutants. We define a continuous variable of pollution that varies across sectors and employment zones. Our …

Economic analysis of prevention : prevention supply, incentives and preferences in french private medical practice

2011

The traditional approach of the economics of prevention is built around a demand-side logic. This provides fruitful insights about consumer behaviour and public policies related to prevention, but it has nothing to say about the supply side of prevention. The present thesis aims at developing the economics of prevention from the supply-side, in particular the production of services by ambulatory physicians, and to study the incentives to prevention and the preferences of these medical care producers. An institutional analysis enables to underline the obstacles limiting the supply of prevention by French doctors, and shows that it is necessary to develop incentives mechanisms to increase thi…

Theories and methods to assess the social cost of occupational risk factors in France : application to the case of occupational cancers

2011

The main objective of this thesis is to evaluate the social cost of respiratory cancer attributable to occupational risk factors in France. A summary of the available epidemiological data in the literature is performed. By using the Medline database, a review of the literature restricted to meta-analysis highlights the relative risk data available. The method of Attributable Risks (AR) is mobilized to estimate the numbers of lung, sinonasal and mesothelioma cancer cases caused by asbestos, exhaust fumes from diesel engines, painters, crystalline silica, wood dust and leather dust. We then assess the costs of these cancer cases for the french society using the Cost Of Illness (COI) method. T…

Study and characterization of the "Viable but non-culturable" state in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2013

The viable but not culturable (VBNC) state has been studied in detail in bacteria. Bycontrast the VBNC state in other microorganisms, including particularly eukaryotes, has receivedmuch less attention. However, it has been suggested that in wine, Brettanomyces yeast cells mayenter a Viable But Not Culturable State, in particular in the presence of high, sulfur dioxide(SO2) concentration.To provide conclusive evidences for the existence of a VBNC state in yeast, especially in S.cerevisiae as a model organism, the capacity of different S cerevisiae strains to become viableand not cultivable after a sulfite stress with various concentrations of SO2 was studied by flowcytometry (FCM) using fluo…

Amino acids role in biogenic amine production by Oenococcus Oeni

2013

In wine biogenic amines (BA) are mainly of microbial origin, Oenococcus oeni, the mainresponsible for malolactic fermentation, has been identified as a BA producer from nitrogenprecursors. Oenococcus oeni possess numerous amino acid auxotrophies that are precursors ofbiogenic amines. No study has been done so far to look at the relationship betweenauxotrophy for amino acids precursors of BA and the level of BA in the medium. In order todo so, 80 Oenococcus oeni strains were isolated from red wines. The detection of genesencoding the different decarboxylases responsible for BA synthesis has been realised. Inparallel, the auxotrophy for the four amino acids (Arg, Tyr, His, Phe) precursors of …

Economies d'agglomération et configurations spatiales dans les espaces ruraux

1997

The question to be addressed here is that of the agglomeration/dispersion forces that are likely to account for the location of people and jobs in rural areas and the way they explain spatial patterns in rural areas depending on urban influence. Economic geography models may provide suitable tools with which to investigate the organization of rural areas. We first review these models, focusing on dispersion forces, which rest basically on land consumption and transport costs. We suggest then a set of hypotheses concerning the main forces at work in rural areas. Intensity of agglomeration economies is hypothesized to be related to the urban size, which in turn induces increasing land rents a…