Search results for "educational psychology"
showing 10 items of 1902 documents
Factores Asociados al Consumo Juvenil de Alcohol: Una Revisión desde una Perspectiva Psicosocial y Ecológica
2011
ResumenEl consumo abusivo de alcohol en la adolescencia es, en el momento actual, un importante problema de salud pública, hasta el punto de que su prevención se ha convertido en una de las prioridades en las políticas de salud. También, y en el ámbito de la intervención social, se ha venido estudiando, en los últimos años, los factores psicosociales implicados en ese consumo. En el presente trabajo se lleva a cabo una revisión de esos factores en el marco de la perspectiva ecológica, en la que se integran las variables psicológicas, relacionales y socioculturales. El consumo de alcohol es analizado como parte integrante de la cultura juvenil, despojando la explicación de contenidos patolog…
Sudden Complex Hallucinations in a 14-Year-Old Girl: Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Versus Dissociative Disorders-The Influence of Early Life Exper…
2020
A 14-year-old girl is taken to the pediatric emergency department (ED) by her parents because of sudden complex hallucinations.She shows moderate intellectual disability without a peculiar phenotype already evaluated by neuropediatrics (normal comparative genomic hybridization array and brain magnetic resonance imaging) and most likely related to affective deprivation at the orphanage. Adopted at 20 months from China, her parents reported that on arrival she had scars, allegedly from being tied to a chair for a long time, and that although she was able to stand, she could not walk. At 22 months, she had experienced several episodes of loss of consciousness with rigidity that were attributed…
Hearing impaired children in primary schools in Finland
1989
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to present basic data on hearing impaired pupils in primary schools in Finland in 1982‐83. The purpose of the survey was to provide an information base for the development of hearing services and teaching in primary schools. Earlier studies have mainly focused on the screening of moderate and severe cases of hearing impairment. The present study includes also cases of mild (20‐30 dB) hearing impairment, the criterion, however, being that hearing impairment in the better ear is > 20 dB in at least one of the three speech frequencies (500‐1000‐2000 hz).
Emotional intelligence modulates cortisol awakening response and self-reported health in caregivers of people with autism spectrum disorders
2014
Abstract Caring for people with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) has negative consequences for caregivers’ health. Specifically, caregivers of people with ASDs have been observed to have more somatic symptoms, poorer self-perceived general health, poorer social functioning and altered immune and endocrine systems. Various positive variables including emotional intelligence (EI) have been found to protect health in several populations, but no studies have previously analyzed the effect of EI in caregivers of people with ASDs. The present study aimed to analyze the association of the three components of EI (attention, clarity and repair) with self-reported health and cortisol awakening respon…
A Mindfulness-Based Program Improves Health in Caregivers of People with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Pilot Study
2014
Mindfulness-based interventions have demonstrated to be effective in reducing stress and health complaints in clinical populations. However, to our knowledge, biological health markers have not been used in studies of the effectiveness of mindfulness programs in caregivers of people with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). This study aimed to assess the effects of a mindfulness intervention on mood disturbances and health complaints in this population compared with non-caregivers. The design of the study was quasi-experimental, with repeated measures. Self-reported health, cortisol awakening response (CAR), and afternoon cortisol levels before and after a mindfulness session were assessed at …
Anthropometric measurements and nutritional assessment in autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review
2015
Abstract Adequate nutrient intake is essential for health. Due to food selectivity and restrictive diets, people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have impaired nutritional status, which could affect their growth. We present a systematic review of publications (1970–2013) on anthropometric measurements and nutritional assessment in this population. The limited research published on growth and nutritional status has found contradictory results. Nutritional assessment has indicated limited food variety in the ASD population but has not confirmed significant differences with respect to recommended intakes or controls. In addition to the lack of control groups, studies in this area have s…
Neuropsychological subgroups of adolescents with conduct disorder
2010
Narhi, V., Lehto-Salo, P., Ahonen, T. & Marttunen, M. (2010). Neuropsychological subgroups of adolescents with conduct disorder. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 51, 278–284. In group-level studies adolescents with conduct disorder (CD) have been found to have deficiencies in verbal and executive functions. Teichner and Golden (2000) addressed the neuropsychological heterogeneity of CD, and hypothesized the existence of six neuropsychologically different subgroups. We used that theoretical basis to identify subgroups among 77 adolescents with CD and 48 controls. Among subjects with CD we identified subjects with no, diffuse, verbal and executive function deficits, but none with specific …
Directly Observed Physical Activity and Fundamental Motor Skills in Four-Year-Old Children in Day Care
2016
Physical activity (PA), its location, social interactions and fundamental motor skills (FMS) were investigated in four-year-old Finnish children in day care. Six skills in the stability, locomotor and manipulative domains were assessed in 53 children (24 boys, 29 girls, normal anthropometry) with the APM-Inventory manual for assessing children’s perceptual and FMS and Total Motor Scores (TMS; 0–6 points) calculated. PA intensity, location, group composition and activity type − sitting, squatting, kneeling − were directly observed with a modified version of the Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in Children – Preschool Version (OSRAC – P) during three consecutive days in 14…
Meaningful Work Protects Teachers’ Self-Rated Health under Stressors
2020
A sense of meaningfulness is one of the most sought?after work characteristics which has been associated with employees’ well-being. This study explored whether meaningful work enhances self-rated health in challenging work context, under the stressors of distractions, unnecessary tasks, and unreasonable tasks. Data was collected from Finnish teachers (N = 1,658) and structural equation modelling was employed with the latent interaction terms. Results showed that meaningful work was associated with better self-rated health and the stressors were associated with poorer self-rated health. Protective potential of meaningful work against stressors was also discovered, as meaningful work mitigat…
Patterns of word reading skill, interest and self-concept of ability
2016
AbstractThe majority of previous research on academic skills, self-concept of ability and interest has deployed the variable-oriented approach and focused on self-concept, or ability, or interest only. This study examined the patterns and dynamics of pattern change in Finnish children’s word reading skill, self-concept of ability and interest from kindergarten to Grade 2. Six groups of children were identified by using the I-states as objects analysis (ISOA) procedure: (a) low skills, negative self-concept but high interest; (b) high skills but low interest; (c) average; (d) high skills, positive self-concept and high interest; (e) low skills, negative self-concept and low interest; and (f)…